A Aschengrau

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..No prior study has investigated the long-term impact of prenatal and early childhood exposure to the solvent tetrachloroethylene (PCE) on the affinity for risky behaviors, defined as smoking, drinking or drug use as a teen or adult...

..8, 10). CONCLUSION : With greater control over potential misclassification errors and a large case-only population, we found evidence to support an interaction between COMT genotype and tobacco smoke exposure in breast cancer etiology...

..These maps often possess poor spatial resolution, the potential for spatial confounding, and the inability to consider latency. Population-based case-control studies can provide detailed information on residential history and covariates...

..While results were not statistically significant, they suggest that children living in certain parts of Cape Cod were more likely to have a LDD. The spatial variation may be due to variation in the physical and social environment...

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..Data were collected retrospectively on births to women between 1969 and 1983 living on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The sample included siblings born in different residences with differing community-level SES...

..We have taken advantage of technical improvements in publically available software to incorporate a more sophisticated determination of water flow and direction to see if previous results were robust to more accurate exposure assessment...

..Population-based case-control and cohort studies provide a stronger foundation for spatial epidemiology because potential confounders and disease latency can be addressed...

..We conducted a case-control study to investigate whether exposure to drinking water contaminated by wastewater increases the risk of breast cancer...

..This case-control study provided detailed information on individual-level covariates and residential history that can be spatially analyzed using generalized additive models (GAMs) and geographical information systems (GIS)...

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..The vinyl resin was applied to the inner pipe surface in a solution of tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene, PCE). Substantial amounts of PCE remained in the liner and subsequently leached into public drinking water supplies...

..However, there is relatively little in the literature devoted to comparison and critique of different methods. Most of the available comparative studies rely on simulated data rather than real data sets...

..This population-based case-control study investigated whether use of household cleaners and pesticides increases breast cancer risk...

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..We hypothesized that women with breast cancer who were slow acetylators would be at increased risk of breast cancer associated with active and passive exposure to tobacco smoke...

..Prior animal and human studies of prenatal exposure to solvents including tetrachloroethylene (PCE) have shown increases in the risk of certain congenital anomalies among exposed offspring...

..Prior studies of prenatal exposure to tetrachloroethylene (PCE) have shown mixed results regarding its effect on birth weight and gestational age...

..Because firm conclusions from these data are limited, we recently undertook a new study with a large number of more recently diagnosed cases...

..3-1.9 for > 90th percentile). The results of the present study confirm those of the previous one and suggest that women with the highest PCE exposure levels have a small to moderate increased risk of breast cancer...

..Such spatial patterns of disease risk may provide clues to exposures of importance or confirm associations with previously suspected exposures...

..The findings suggest several directions for further research, including the identification of potential environmental exposures that may be assessed in forthcoming case-control studies...

..55-0.95) nor ever-passive smoking (adjusted OR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.63-1.1) were strongly associated with breast cancer risk compared with never-active never-passive smoking. No patterns of effects were observed in subgroup analyses...

..Spatial analyses of case-control data have suggested a possible link between breast cancer and groundwater plumes in upper Cape Cod, Massachusetts...

..However, little attention has been paid to simultaneously examining both measures...

..We conclude that prenatal and early postnatal PCE exposure is not associated with disorders of attention, learning and behavior identified on the basis of questionnaire responses and at the exposure levels experienced by this population...

..The mechanisms that are responsible for the frequent failure of ACE-I to prevent progression of microalbuminuria to proteinuria in a clinical setting are not clear...

..We examined the association between length of residence on Cape Cod and breast cancer, since residential history could be acting as a surrogate for unidentified environmental risk factors...

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