Xiang Yang Zhang

..Long-term treatments with typical and atypical antipsychotics may produce the similar effects on the antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation...

..We tested this polymorphism and mRNA expression levels of IGF2BP2 for an association in Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls...

..However, the findings must be interpreted with caution because of the relatively small sample size for an association study. Results should be confirmed in a larger cohort...

..The differential association of TRX and cognitive performance in schizophrenia and controls may be related to the impaired oxidative stress status of schizophrenia patients...

..The authors examined multiple dosages of tropisetron, a partial agonist at the nAChR, for short-term effects on cognition and P50 deficits in schizophrenia...

..These results suggest that the DBH 5'-Ins/Del polymorphism may influence smoking severity among schizophrenic smokers...

..We hypothesized that treatment with EGb-761 would increase serum BDNF levels and reduce TD, particularly among schizophrenia patients who have the BDNF valine 66 to methionine (Val66Met) genotype (Val/Val)...

..Our findings suggest that oxidative stress may be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, and its associated cognitive impairment...

..The aims of this study were to compare gender differences in clinical features and cognitive functioning in first-episode and chronic schizophrenia among Han Chinese inpatients...

..Schizophrenia has a range of cognitive deficits that may evolve from decreased BDNF, and this study examines this association of BDNF with cognitive deficits in schizophrenia...

..The association between decreased BDNF serum levels and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia is dependent on the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism...

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..Further, smokers with schizophrenia may display fewer negative symptoms and possibly less parkinsonism than non-smokers with schizophrenia...

..To investigate the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb) administration on T lymphocyte subsets and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in schizophrenia...

..Antipsychotic class exerted differential effects over BDNF levels and BMI gain. Our findings suggest that decreased BDNF levels may be associated with weight gain in female schizophrenic patients on long-term antipsychotic treatment...

..This study examined gender-specific relationships between TD and symptom levels in schizophrenia among Han Chinese, which have previously received little systematic study...

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..These abnormalities may improve during antipsychotic drug treatment that reduces symptoms in schizophrenic patients...

..However, the relationship between antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation products, and the severity of TD symptoms has not been determined within a single patient group...

..The purpose of this study was to determine any differences in cytokine profiles in smokers and nonsmokers with schizophrenia and whether there were any relationships among altered cytokine profiles and psychopathological symptoms...

..Lower TRX levels in chronic patients treated with antipsychotics may have implications for treatment outcome...

..Our results suggest that variation in the BDNF gene may be a risk factor for weight gain in male patients with schizophrenia on long-term antipsychotic treatment, and decreased BDNF levels may be associated with weight gain in females...

..Thus, smoking was not associated with TD in male Chinese schizophrenics, but consistent with previous reports, older patients with a longer duration of illness and more hospitalizations showed greater severity of TD...

..The purposes of this study were to compare BDNF levels in smokers to nonsmokers with schizophrenia and examine the association between BDNF levels and psychopathological symptoms...

..The lower S100B levels in chronic than early-stage patients further suggest that antipsychotic treatment may reduce this neurodegeneration...

..05). Smoking was associated with a family history of smoking, a personal history of alcohol use and age in men with schizophrenia. Our present findings suggest a significant gender difference in the prevalence of smoking in schizophrenia...

..001). These findings suggest that schizophrenic patients have a higher risk of starting daily smoking suggesting that vulnerability to schizophrenia may be associated with a higher risk of becoming a daily smoker...

..Serum S100B levels were positively correlated with AIMS scores in patients with TD. These data suggest that increased S100B levels may be related to neuro-degeneration, associated with TD pathophysiology...

..004, r(2) = 0.16), but not in female patients (P > 0.05). Thus, variation in the leptin gene may be a risk factor for weight gain in male patients with schizophrenia on long-term clozapine treatment...

..Our findings indicated decreased BDNF serum levels in chronic patients with schizophrenia, which may be related to clinical phenotypes, including gender, antipsychotic treatment and the severity of psychotic symptoms...

..Recent evidence also suggests that a COMT polymorphism may be especially important in determining an individual's predisposition to developing nicotine dependence...

..Heroin use and withdrawal cause abnormality in the endocrine system. However, the time course of neuroendocrine alterations in heroin addicts during pharmacologically unassisted withdrawal is still unclear...

..The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there was an association between the functional polymorphism (DBH5'-Ins/Del) and schizophrenia in a Han Chinese population...

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..The present study was to examine whether there was a variation in drug-related cue reactivity across the diurnal cycle among recently abstinent opiate addicts...

..Our results suggest that the imbalance in the HPA axis and cytokine system in patients with SCH is implicated in clinical symptoms, and is improved with atypical antipsychotic treatment...

..We examined the involvement of the SLC30A8 in the susceptibility to schizophrenia in a Han Chinese population...

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..07-1.71; Genotype, chi2=6.85, d.f.=2, p=0.033). Our results indicate a small but significant contribution of the IL3RA polymorphism to susceptibility to schizophrenia, suggesting that the IL3 pathway may be involved in schizophrenia...

..The purpose of this study is to assess social support and demographic factors that influence the success of smoking cessation aided with sublingual nicotine tablets in a Han Chinese population...

..The potential of beta-adrenergic blockade to reduce or block stress-induced enhancement of drug-related memory retrieval may be relevant to preventing stress-induced relapse in abstinent heroin addicts...

..There are few data from systematic, double-blind clinical trials that have compared the effect of the typical and the atypical antipsychotics on serum prolactin (PRL) levels in patients with schizophrenia...

..This immune disturbance is related to the subgroup of schizophrenic patients with characteristic clinical variables. The dysfunction of interaction or inter-adjustment between different cytokines may exist in schizophrenic patients...

..While many manipulations used to study these consequences alter mother-infant interactions, the effects of sibling interactions are less well characterized...

..The limitations of this study are the measurement of SOD levels by RIA rather than biochemical assay; the 2-week washout, which may not be adequate; and the measurement of only SOD enzyme and not the other antioxidant enzymes...

..Thus, the COMT gene polymorphisms may not contribute to the susceptibility to schizophrenia, but may contribute to the negative symptoms of schizophrenia among Han Chinese...

..Blood SOD levels were significantly elevated in schizophrenia compared with control values. SOD levels showed a positive relationship with the BRPS and the SAPS total score in patients...

..05). These results support earlier findings of the efficacy of vitamin E in the treatment of TD. Moreover, the efficacy of vitamin E may be due to its ability to increase SOD level, which may reduce oxidative injure in tardive dyskinesia...

..Our data support the view that free radicals may be involved in the pathophysiology of TD. There may exist a relationship between the free radical metabolism and the severity of dyskinesia of TD patients...

..However, there are no published studies of changes in expression of clock genes or of other neuropeptides related to circadian-rhythm regulation, which may influence relapse susceptibility...

..66; 95% CI=1.08-2.55). In conclusion, our family-based association study also revealed a small but significant contribution of the IL3RA variants to susceptibility to schizophrenia in a Chinese population...

..01). Furthermore, increased body mass index (BMI), abdominal obesity and antipsychotic types were predictors of diabetes in these chronic schizophrenic patients...

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..These findings suggest that serum BDNF levels in chronic schizophrenia under antipsychotic medication may be decreased. However, long-term effects of antipsychotics remain to be characterized...

..The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of EGb-761, a standardized extract given in capsule form, in treating TD in schizophrenia patients...

..Our results suggest that decreased BDNF may play an important role in the pathophysiology of TD. There may be a relationship between decreased BDNF levels and dyskinetic movements associated with TD...

..The aim of this study was to assess the clinical significance of serum IL-18 levels in various stages of schizophrenia...

..However, there have been few systematic studies to examine the relationship between BDNF levels and psychopathology in first-episode and drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia...

..The present study investigated whether this variation is associated with clinical phenotypes and TD in schizophrenia in a genetically homogeneous northern Chinese Han population...

..The serum PRL levels at baseline could be used to predict the responses of schizophrenic patients to risperidone...

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..The lower in vitro IL-2 production is probably related to the decreased number of T-cells that secret IL-2, as well as to the intrinsic disorder of the patients' T cells...

..Our findings suggested that rapamycin merits outpatient clinical trials as a potential pharmacotherapy for relapse prevention from drug-related cue induced craving...

..Differences seem to be best explained by both cultural differences in patient clinical presentations and varying American and Chinese cultural values affecting rater judgment...

..The abstinent heroin-dependent participants had significantly higher plasma cortisol levels nocturnally suggesting a loss of diurnal variation in these heroin subjects...

..25 %). We found that SNT significantly increased smoking abstinence, reduced craving and was well tolerated, and the COMT Val/Val genotype was associated with a greater improvement in smoking cessation...

..EPSD on PN1 improved, but on PN7 impaired performance of the spatial learning task in adult female rats. However, EPSD did not have any effect on the spatial learning ability in adult male rats...

..In contrast, responding for cocaine in males appears driven by drug delivery...

..Maintenance studies of cocaine self-administration rather than acquisition may better reflect vulnerability to addiction...

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..Results show that a DAT inhibitor alters cocaine-induced behaviors in a strain-dependent manner. These effects may relate to inherent differences in NAc DAT levels between Lewis and F344 rats...

..These results suggest alpha1-adrenergic mechanisms contribute to reinstatement in rats and perhaps, to relapse in addicts...

..Moreover, that ISO rats are more sensitive to a D(2) antagonist may reflect decreased levels of this receptor type as we showed previously in infant rats...

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..These data confirm and extend our previous findings demonstrating the enduring effects of ISO on adult self-administration behavior and emphasize the importance of measuring behavioral patterns versus intake in acquisition studies...

..Neuropsychopharmacology (2006) 31, 70-76. doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300779; published online 1 June 2005...

..Because 5-HT modulates DA and levels of both transmitters are increased by cocaine, this neurochemical effect of ISO may contribute to the ability of ISO to alter the behavioral responses to cocaine as we showed previously...

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