A L Stotts

..Results lend support for the stages of change for postpartum smoking abstinence. Stage-based interventions may be developed to assist women in maintaining abstinence postpartum...

..Real-time ultrasound feedback focused on potential effects of smoking on the fetus may be an effective treatment adjunct, improving smoking outcomes...

..Studies of sustained-release formulations of naltrexone suggest improved effectiveness for retention and sustained abstinence; however, randomized clinical trials are needed...

..Potential sources of heterogeneity affecting the consistency of findings across studies and recommendations to improve the validity and generalizability of predictor findings in future studies are proposed...

..9% for the control group and 62.6% in the MI group, p < .05. Further research must determine the specific conditions under which MI is most appropriate and efficacious...

..Socioeconomic status, race, and mental health status were hypothesized to be related to SHSe and household smoking bans...

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..Increased attention should be paid to the co-occurrence of multiple health risk behaviours during pregnancy and to the specific needs of subgroups of high-risk women...

..This study initiates an understanding of the mechanisms involved in changing alcohol-tobacco dependence and may provide guidance for developing dual cessation interventions...

..MI patients with lower initial motivation were more likely to complete detoxification...

..No differences were detected at 3 and 6 months postpartum. Results lend preliminary but very modest support for this intervention with resistant pregnant smokers. Improvements in the intervention and implementation issues are discussed...

..These results are consistent with the notion that substance use in dependent patients can be reduced with a combination of coping skills training and pharmacologic treatments...

..These findings support the need for more intensive treatment approaches for dually-diagnosed patients...

..No significant main effects of treatment were hypothesized...

..Cocaine use and depressive symptoms during treatment were significantly correlated. The findings fail to support the role of fluoxetine for treatment of cocaine use and depression in dually-diagnosed patients...

..These weak findings suggest that pharmacological and behavioral interventions that have shown efficacy in the treatment of a single drug dependence disorder may not provide the coverage needed when targeting dual drug dependence...

..These findings specify the optimal target behavior for CM when used in combination with levodopa pharmacotherapy...

..Cocaine-dependent individuals frequently also use marijuana; however, little is known about the effect of this combined use on treatment presentation...

..This study sought to identify the most appropriate behavioral therapy platform for levodopa pharmacotherapy by evaluating its effect when administered in combination with behavioral platforms of varying intensities...

..Findings provide only modest support for CBT as the preferred type of intensive therapy in conjunction with bupropion in women...

..In conclusion, NTX at 50 mg/d did not reduce cocaine or alcohol use. These findings stand in contrast to previously reported positive findings for NTX and RP in patients with a single diagnosis of cocaine dependence...

..This study underscores the importance of having a sensitive screening assessment for recruiting a homogeneous yet representative sample for outpatient substance abuse clinical trials...

..Participation in the feedback group predicted higher compliance beyond demographic, smoking, and health belief variables, suggesting significant benefit in providing brief feedback and instruction throughout the medication regimen...

..Those participants with higher education levels and those with poorer psychiatric functioning tended to remain in treatment longer. The implications of these findings are discussed...

..Incorporating MEMS-based compliance interventions into smoking pharmacotherapy trials is recommended...

..Effective treatment provided in conjunction with detoxification from agonist medication could result in significant decreases in the substantial health and social costs associated with chronic opiate dependence. ..