F Jahoor

..It was hypothesized that, in edematous but not nonedematous SCU, impaired protein breakdown leading to inadequate amino acids for maintenance of important organ systems was a factor...

..Finally, the review explores whether a shortage of methionine results in decreased synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine, the universal methyl donor...

..However, the protein metabolic response elicited by the virus in young children is unknown...

..This is especially true under unique circumstances, such as when the availability of labile nitrogen for dispensable amino acid synthesis is reduced, as in severe childhood undernutrition...

....

..We propose that these lower cysteine concentrations are due to reduced production secondary to slower de novo synthesis plus decreased release from protein breakdown...

..We propose that methionine production and metabolism will be slower in children with edematous SCU than in those with nonedematous SCU...

..Another consistent finding is that children with oedematous SCM have oxidative stress as there is evidence of oxidant-induced cellular damage and impaired synthesis of the primary cellular anti-oxidant glutathione...

....

..A corollary is that children with severe PEM do not mount a protein catabolic response to infection...

..CONCLUSIONS: Patients with septic shock have a shortage in the availability of arginine associated with a slower production. Impaired renal excretion of NOx is a contributor to the high plasma NOx in these patients...

..We conclude that the labeling of aspartate in apoB-100 provides a good estimate of the isotopomer distribution in hepatic oxaloacetate but may underestimate the absolute isotopic enrichment by 50%...

..CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that severely malnourished children can mount only a partial APP response to the stress of infection and that the magnitude of this response is less in those with edema...

..05) 8 h after the meal. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with HLS have key defects that markedly impair postprandial disposal and storage of chylomicron-triacylglycerols. These defects contribute significantly to hypertriacylglycerolemia in HLS...

..In conclusion, mucosal alpha-glucogenic activity of Mgam plays a crucial role in the regulation of prandial glucose homeostasis...

..Multiple enzyme deficiencies have been reported in some cases of congenital glucoamylase, sucrase, or lactase deficiency. Here we describe such a case and the investigations that we have made to determine the cause of this deficiency...

..Despite increased proteolysis in sepsis, there is a decreased arginine plasma concentration, suggesting inadequate de novo synthesis secondary to decreased citrulline production...

..Because hypometabolism was associated with mortality and changes in protein and glucose metabolism in septic patients, it may be a useful clinical indicator of an inadequate metabolic response...

....

..02). The lipoatrophy observed in HIV lipodystrophy is associated with accelerated lipolysis. Increased hepatic reesterification promotes the hypertriglyceridemia observed in this syndrome...

..05). GH replacement in GHD acutely improves protein balance by stimulating synthesis and inhibiting catabolism. After 6 months, protein kinetics reached a new homeostasis to maintain the net gain in FFM...

..To compare second-trimester, third-trimester, and postpartum arginine flux and nitric oxide production using infusions of the stable isotope L-[(15)N(2)]-arginine in normal human gestation...

..05) greater in the European-Americans. We conclude that the sensitivity of GLY to nutrient intake differs between ethnic groups and that this may play a role in the increased predisposition of Mexican-Americans to type II diabetes...

..This stable isotope protocol provides a sensitive tool for evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic modalities and acts as an aid to the diagnosis and management of urea cycle patients...

..3 mmol/L; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Physiologic GH replacement has salutary effects on abnormal lipid kinetics in HLS. The effects are mediated by diminished lipolysis and hepatic reesterification rather than by increased fat oxidation...

....

..In this article, we review HADL in terms of metabolic, molecular, and cytokine derangements leading to cardiovascular disease...

....

..Current evidence suggests that deranged energy storage in femoral-gluteal and other peripheral sites is important; the molecular details for the derangement are unknown but are under scrutiny by many investigators...

....

..Hence, healthy individuals consuming this amount of protein may be less able to mount an adequate metabolic response to a stressful stimulus...

..Changes in concentration of these secreted proteins can occur independently of changes in synthetic rates, and vice versa...

..These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the blunting of the protein catabolic response to infection in children with edematous malnutrition syndrome is due to limited availability of aromatic amino acids...

..The conserved nitrogen was sufficient to maintain the endogenous synthesis and hence the supply of glycine and tyrosine...

..Given the high interindividual variability in REE, actual measurement is prudent if protracted nutritional support is required...

..03) on erythrocyte cysteine concentration. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the GSH synthesis rate and concentration can be restored during the early phase of treatment if patients are supplemented with cysteine...

....

....

..In addition, end-stage cirrhosis does not alter either the mechanism or the magnitude of the metabolic response to DCA...

..Thus, fatty infiltration of the liver in PEM is not due to a reduction in the synthesis of VLDL-apo B-100...

..However, this hypothesis has not been tested...

....

....

....

..Knowledge gained from this project may lead to new nutritional therapies to help prevent these conditions. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..abstract_text> ..

..Knowledge gained from this project may lead to new nutritional therapies to help prevent these conditions. ..