Harold L Rekate

..The authors analyzed the utility of placing shunts into the cisterna magna concurrently with ventricular shunts in patients who were not candidates for lumboperitoneal (LP) shunt placement...

..The purpose of this study is to report our experiences with endoscopic removal of these hamartomas...

..Endovascular evaluation may be warranted immediately after anatomical reduction of a high cervical spondyloptosis for evaluation of the vertebral arteries and possible thrombus dissolution or retrieval...

..In the present study, the authors report the results of applying this strategy to challenging vascular and skull base lesions...

..The authors examined the null hypothesis that no difference exists between the 2 treatment modalities in the setting of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The current report is limited to the clinical results at 1 year after treatment...

....

..The purpose of this review was to evaluate the role of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in the treatment of LOVA...

..The current report describes the largest such lesion reported in the literature to date and summarizes the clinical and pathological characteristics of these rare tumors...

..The results of the survey describe current acceptable practices for chemoprophylaxis in patients undergoing transsphenoidal pituitary surgery...

..This is the fourth reported case of a spinal intramedullary CM that became symptomatic during pregnancy. The pathogenesis and management of this entity are reviewed...

..We explore the etiology of this association and hypothesize that a common genetic pathway may be involved in a majority of these cases...

....

..In this review the authors provide a brief overview of the enhancement of endogenous stem cell proliferation following neurological insult...

..Cranial expansion operations and subtemporal decompression should be limited to patients with craniofacial syndromes...

..The authors reviewed the management of 23 cases in an effort to evaluate treatment efficacy and outcomes...

..We examined the surgical approaches used at a single institution to treat petroclival meningioma and evaluated changes in method utilization over time...

..Novel techniques modulating endogenous stem cells demonstrate great promise in promoting neuroregeneration and restoring function...

..The secondary purpose of this work was to define testable hypotheses to explain enigmatic disorders of CSF dynamics and to suggest how these concepts could be tested...

..In this paper, the authors describe the patterns of arterial injury after chiropractic manipulation and their management in the modern endovascular era...

....

..Most one-level anterior cervical plates use two screws per vertebra (four screws in total). No study has addressed whether a simplified plate using one screw per vertebra is adequate for one-level fixation...

..The results of this regimen compare favorably to historical rates achieved with longer regimens that use two antibiotics. Future studies will investigate the role prophylactic antibiotics play in nasal mucosa healing and sinusitis...

..Thoracoscopy may be used in place of thoracotomy to resect intrathoracic neoplasms such as paraspinal neurogenic tumors. Although these tumors are rare, they account for the majority of tumors arising in the posterior mediastinum...

..We therefore evaluated ICP and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) during oral care with a manual or electric toothbrush in intubated patients in a neuroscience intensive care unit (ICU)...

..Transcirculation techniques, in which a catheter is navigated from one side of the brain to the other or from the anterior to the posterior circulation, are alternative pathways for primary or balloon- or stent-assisted coiling...

..The authors report surgical outcomes in all adolescents treated for palmar hyperhidrosis via bilateral thoracoscopic sympathectomy at the Barrow Neurological Institute by the senior author...

..Cranial subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) related to movement of this type of catheter has not been described. We report a case of SAH coincident with the migration of a free fragment of a baclofen pump catheter into the prepontine cistern...

..We describe a novel technique used to repair an unanticipated tear of the internal carotid artery (ICA) requiring anterior cerebral artery (ACA) amputation to allow primary repair of the arteriotomy...

..Rescue medications, such as barbiturates and narcotics, which can cause worsening of headaches, should be avoided...

..Although the data from adult radiosurgical studies are promising, data for the pediatric population are not yet available. Many small lesions and small residuals remain unchanged for many years...

..In addition, both constructs were evaluated with and without the application of a screw attaching the ACP to the strut graft to determine whether the additional screw enhanced stability in any mode of loading...

..The authors examined the efficacy of EVD catheters impregnated with minocycline and rifampin in preventing these catheter-related infections...

..Second, it guides treatment by classifying lesions based on location and pathophysiology. Finally, it eliminates the confusion produced by the multitude of unrelated nomenclatural terms found in the literature...

..The pathogenesis of these lesions and possible interrelationships suggested by transitional lesions are also reviewed...

..Defining patients whose vision may recover is critical in coordinating the timing of therapy. Mechanisms of reversible visual loss in CCFs are discussed with the intent of elucidating the patients who compose this subgroup...

..The authors sought to determine whether the results of trigeminal microvascular decompression (MVD) are influenced by prior gamma knife surgery (GKS)...

..To assess the rate of restenosis after vertebral origin angioplasty and stenting (VOAS)...

..The Penfield-Cushing correspondence is a treasure for neurosurgery: it provides remarkable insight into the embryonic period of the discipline and into the relationship of two of the most influential figures in modern neurosurgery...

..This study was undertaken to delineate the effect of exogenous corticosteroid administration on bone graft incorporation in an experimental model of posterolateral lumbar fusion...

..In this review the authors address the surgical strategies required to resect residual herniated thoracic discs...

..By following the progression of a lesion on subsequent imaging studies, the nature of treatment-related changes and residual or recurrent pathology is best realized...

..To assess how information acquired with three-dimensional angiography (3DA) affects the endovascular management of cerebral aneurysms...

..Nodules of these small neurons were a universal feature of the microarchitecture of HH lesions associated with epilepsy. Characterization of these neurons may aid in understanding the mechanism of seizure development in HH...

..Approaches from below adequately expose pedunculated hamartomas. The likelihood of curing seizures seems to be higher when lesions are approached from above rather than from below...

..Microsurgical and/or endoscopic resection offers an excellent risk/benefit profile for cure or improvement of epilepsy...

..Short-term memory deficits appear to be transient for most patients, and family perception of the impact of surgery on cognitive and behavioral domains is favorable. Complete resection yields the best result...

..This study aims to examine the outcomes of ten patients after orbitozygomatic (OZ) pterional surgery in cases of refractory epilepsy caused by hypothalamic hamartomas (HH)...

..FINDING: He subsequently developed a complete spinal cord injury at the kyphotic level. This underscores the grim prognosis associated with neonatal cervical spinal instability...

..The authors present outcomes obtained in patients who underwent Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) at 1 institution as part of a multimodal treatment of refractory epilepsy caused by hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs)...

..The authors retrospectively reviewed their surgical cases to document the success rate and complications of reoperations in patients with HHs...

..Prehemorrhagic Grade IV and V lesions may best be treated conservatively and observed carefully for the development of symptoms. Long-term follow up of all patients is essential...

..A small number of patients with hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) present with infantile spasms (IS) as an initial or early seizure type. We describe the clinical features of IS associated with HH...

..Most patients with subaxial cervical spine injuries can be treated conservatively. Both anterior and posterior approaches are safe and effective...

..Alleviation of any CNS insult is the first order of treatment. Some patients with persistent symptoms of NMS may benefit from intrathecal delivery of baclofen...

..These two cases demonstrate that gross total resection of small hypothalamic hamartomas is feasible with minimal morbidity through an endoscopic approach...

..CONCLUSION: Intracerebral schwannomas are uncommon cortical lesions in children. Imaging characteristics alone can be misleading; neuropathological support is essential for accurate diagnosis...

..Strategies that lead to normalization of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and life without shunt dependency are justified if they can be shown to improve later quality of life...

..The purpose of this study was to report the cases of five patients with status epilepticus who were treated successfully with neurosurgery...

..In this report the authors discuss iatrogenic CSF leaks as a cause of low- or negative-pressure hydrocephalus after approaches to the cranial base...

..Postoperatively the patient's radiculopathy resolved completely. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of a C2-3 disc herniation manifesting as C-2 radiculopathy and treated via a posterior extradural approach...

..We report the youngest known case of a prepontine intradural chordoma. These tumors are exceedingly rare. Unlike their more common extradural counterparts, no recurrence of an intradural chordoma has been reported...

..Patients must be followed closely for recurrence. Radiosurgery seems to be beneficial for local tumor control. Further investigation is needed to identify histological markers for pineocytomas that behave aggressively...

..In selected patients, endoscopic resection of HH is effective in the treatment of intractable epilepsy, with lower complication rates and shorter hospital stays than transcallosal resection...

..Segmental spinal dysgenesis, a rare developmental malformation, usually manifests during pregnancy or at birth. The resulting gross spinal instability necessitates spinal stabilization, which is inherently challenging in neonates...

....

..In addition, he is one of the few reported cases of focal cortical dysplasia resection with resultant improved behavior. These observations of unusual cortical representations have implications in epilepsy surgery planning...

..CONCLUSIONS: In selected cases, manual cervical distraction and extension, posterior fixation, and fusion appear to provide a safe, effective standalone treatment for basilar invagination associated with Chiari malformation in children...

..Early therapy can prevent irreversible neurological or endocrinological damage and, potentially, metastasis. These considerations justify the small risk associated with surgery...

..Refractory epilepsy associated with HH is the premier human model for subcortical epilepsy and an excellent model for secondary epileptogenesis and epileptic encephalopathy...

..Endoscopic and microsurgical approaches can be used concurrently to treat multicompartment ventricular and/or cisternal lesions with good results. The probable advantages of this method are more complete resection and improved safety...

..Neuropathological studies confirmed the neuroimaging diagnoses for the two lesions. The patient has been seizure free for 6 months postoperatively...

..This case illustrates a potentially life-saving procedure for refractory status epilepticus and several techniques including a spike-suppression test to aid in prediction of cessation of seizures after hemispherectomy...

..The acceptance of this proposed definition and classification schema would allow clinicians and basic scientists to communicate effectively, to share information and results, and to develop testable hypotheses...

..This article provides a pathophysiologically-based overview of a wide range of therapeutic options for children and adolescents with headache...

..To determine the safety and efficacy of lumboperitoneal (LP) shunts in carefully selected children with abnormalities of the absorption of cerebrospinal fluid...

....

..This technique should be considered for use in patients with a history of failed atrial shunts...

..Every shunt failure or infection should be viewed as an opportunity to explore the possibility that the patient could become shunt independent...

..The purpose of this work is to review the pathophysiology and treatment of severe headache disorders in patients having a shunt for hydrocephalus...

..Saline fails to provide sufficient lubrication, and the biocompatibility of mineral oil has not been substantiated...

....

..Altogether, computerization at each level of patient care has been affected by digital technology to help enhance the safety of procedures and thereby improve outcomes of patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures...

..Data from a representative sample are presented. Advantages and disadvantages of resorbable plating are discussed...

..In the setting of spinal stenosis or spondylosis, early surgery was safe but did not improve motor outcome compared with late surgery...

..Data from a representative sample are presented. Advantages and disadvantages of resorbable plating are discussed...

..Avoiding resection of facets during posterior lumbar interbody fixation led to significantly better performance during axial rotation...

..The authors describe their clinical experience with a novel technique for transfacet screw placement for fixation at C-7...

..Techniques for augmenting these screws posteriorly by using a wired bone graft buttress, as is currently undertaken with C1-2 transarticular screws, may be needed for optimal performance...

..The authors report four cases of L-1 burst fractures in which conus medullaris dysfunction was the sole neurological injury in the absence of lower-extremity involvement...

..A secondary goal was to investigate differences in the ability of the systems to stabilize the spine after a one- or two-level corpectomy...

..Despite the significant limitations of this retrospective study, these data may serve as a guide when counseling patients preoperatively to help them to maintain realistic expectations about outcomes...

..However, the goal of standard corpectomy is fusion. Our results indicate that plating significantly limits spinal mobility after 2-level corpectomy, improving the environment for fusion...

..Biomechanical laboratory research...

..Flexibility, graft containment, and load-to-failure were studied...

..Combined fixation further improves stability. There is little discernible difference in immediate postoperative stability between posterior rod constructs combining lateral mass and pedicle screws and those using only pedicle screws...

..05, paired Student t-tests). CONCLUSIONS: Anterior and posterior plating effectively stabilized a reduced unilateral facet dislocation. Lateral mass fixation provided better immobilization than anterior graft and plate...