Yu tze Ng

..Its apparent positive effects on cognition in some patients are encouraging. Large, well-controlled studies are needed to fully define levetiracetam's potential in children with refractory epilepsy...

..Asymptomatic mesial temporal sclerosis or mesial temporal sclerosis not associated with a seizure disorder did not occur in our series. Febrile seizures can occur in association with mesial temporal sclerosis presenting in childhood...

..The purpose of this study was to report the cases of five patients with status epilepticus who were treated successfully with neurosurgery...

..Gelastic seizures should be considered among the conditions that can mimic reflux symptoms...

..An apparent decrease in seizure frequency across all seizure types was noted. The dose of 50 mg/kg was well tolerated by the patients and is a safe, appropriate loading dose...

..Following tumor removal, multiple subpial transections were subsequently performed over large areas of the motor and sensory strips and successfully resolved the status epilepticus...

..In selected patients, endoscopic resection of HH is effective in the treatment of intractable epilepsy, with lower complication rates and shorter hospital stays than transcallosal resection...

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..We present 37 patients with HH who underwent transcortical transventricular endoscopic resection...

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..Neuropathological studies confirmed the neuroimaging diagnoses for the two lesions. The patient has been seizure free for 6 months postoperatively...

..Refractory epilepsy associated with HH is the premier human model for subcortical epilepsy and an excellent model for secondary epileptogenesis and epileptic encephalopathy...

..The authors retrospectively reviewed their surgical cases to document the success rate and complications of reoperations in patients with HHs...

..HH resection can result in significant improvement in behavioral functioning, even in patients with relatively infrequent seizures. Further investigation under approved human research protocols is warranted...

..This study aims to examine the outcomes of ten patients after orbitozygomatic (OZ) pterional surgery in cases of refractory epilepsy caused by hypothalamic hamartomas (HH)...

..We sought to determine the spectrum of electroencephalography (EEG) abnormalities in a large cohort of HH patients...

..Nodules of these small neurons were a universal feature of the microarchitecture of HH lesions associated with epilepsy. Characterization of these neurons may aid in understanding the mechanism of seizure development in HH...

..A small number of patients with hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) present with infantile spasms (IS) as an initial or early seizure type. We describe the clinical features of IS associated with HH...

..The purpose of this study is to report our experiences with endoscopic removal of these hamartomas...

..This case illustrates a potentially life-saving procedure for refractory status epilepticus and several techniques including a spike-suppression test to aid in prediction of cessation of seizures after hemispherectomy...

..The triphasic response after surgery in the pituitary region can also explain variations in sodium parameters in such cases...

..We review the history of the disease and current management options...

..In addition, he is one of the few reported cases of focal cortical dysplasia resection with resultant improved behavior. These observations of unusual cortical representations have implications in epilepsy surgery planning...

..It was predicted that the level of estimated intelligence and the pattern of intellectual test performance would significantly correlate with the size of the HH and neuroanatomical features...

..The authors retrospectively reviewed their surgical cases to document the success, complications, and long-term follow-up after emergency resection of HHs for status gelasticus...

..8 Mb to 9.7 Mb. There are 38 RefSeq genes within the duplicated regions, and no known coding sequences within the deletion. This unique patient helps identify 6p25.1-25.3 as a possible susceptibility locus for sporadic HH...

..The authors present outcomes obtained in patients who underwent Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) at 1 institution as part of a multimodal treatment of refractory epilepsy caused by hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs)...

..A phase 2 study will be completed in late 2006 to investigate the safety and efficacy of clobazam as adjunctive therapy in 68 pediatric and adult patients with LGS...

..Short-term memory deficits appear to be transient for most patients, and family perception of the impact of surgery on cognitive and behavioral domains is favorable. Complete resection yields the best result...

..We based this article on the most relevant reports with the term 'clobazam' found through a Medline search (1966-2011)...

..Financial and human costs restrict therapies and testing for epilepsy as well as other neurological and medical diseases. Whether it is ethical to consider costs in medical treatment or not, it is certainly a reality...

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..Overall results were comparable to Diastat (rectal diazepam; Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Aliso Viejo, California). Clonazepam wafers are an effective acute therapy for prolonged seizures...

..Our observation has important implications in encephalopathic patients both with and without epilepsy...

..Even when standardized terminology is used, the description of rhythmic and periodic EEG patterns varies significantly. Further refinement of the proposed terminology is required to improve inter- and intraobserver agreement...

..Approaches from below adequately expose pedunculated hamartomas. The likelihood of curing seizures seems to be higher when lesions are approached from above rather than from below...

..Video-EEG monitoring had a high yield in capturing events and differentiating epileptic from nonepileptic events. Our pediatric patients experienced greater risk of status epilepticus but lesser risk of injury...

..This randomized, double-blind, dose-ranging study evaluated safety and efficacy of clobazam (CLB) as adjunctive therapy for drop seizures in patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS)...

..While idiosyncratic and uncommon, this is a potentially significant, clinical side effect. Further studies are necessary to clarify the population at risk...

..Overall, children with epilepsy and their parents agreed. Despite the morbidities and potential risks of seizures and of the treatments themselves, the majority of children were most concerned with the stigma attached to having epilepsy...

..5%) localization-related epilepsies but only 2 of 8 (25%) generalized epilepsies, both Lennox-Gastaut syndrome patients with greater than 90% seizure reduction. None of these very refractory patients remained seizure free...

..This case suggests that critically ill children have distinct stimulus induced electrographic patterns from those seen in adults. Additional research is needed to define the significance of these patterns...

..To evaluate efficacy and safety of clobazam, a 1,5-benzodiazepine, as adjunctive therapy for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS)...

..Children with mesial temporal sclerosis often had comorbid conditions, and the diagnosis of mesial temporal sclerosis made by magnetic resonance imaging was accurate when compared with the available histopathology...

..3%). Neurologic complications occur with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis, and physicians and other caregivers should be aware of this entity as well as the favorable prognosis...

..At 12-month follow-up, the patient was averaging one brief gelastic seizure every 2 weeks, with a longest seizure-free period of 2 months...