Eric J Jacobs

..The combination of these allergic conditions may be a marker for allergy-related immune responses that could inhibit colorectal carcinogenesis...

..49 to 0.82) in overall cancer mortality during follow-up occurring after 5 years on aspirin. However, the magnitude of the effect of daily aspirin use, particularly long-term use, on cancer mortality is uncertain...

..We therefore examined associations of total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol concentrations with subsequent risk of aggressive prostate cancer within the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort...

..However, the potential effect of long-term daily use of higher doses of aspirin on cancer incidence remains uncertain...

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..83 to 1.43). Our results do not support the hypothesis that statin use strongly reduces risk of colorectal cancer. However, we cannot rule out a small reduction in risk or an effect associated with only specific types or doses of statins...

..Less is known about the association between WC and mortality within categories of BMI or for the very high levels of WC that are now common...

..Acetaminophen, a commonly used pain reliever, is not traditionally considered an NSAID but can have anti-inflammatory effects. Few studies have examined the association between long-term acetaminophen use and prostate cancer incidence...

..26 for total NSAIDs; RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.69-1.12 for aspirin). Although we cannot exclude a small reduction in breast cancer risk associated with NSAID use, the results of this study provide evidence against a large reduction in risk...

..At least four polymorphisms in the VEGF gene have been associated with changes in VEGF expression levels: -2578C/A, -1154G/A and -634G/C are all located in the promoter region; and +936C/T is located in the 3'-untranslated region...

..Recent epidemiologic studies have suggested that the use of NSAIDs, particularly aspirin, may also be associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer, but the evidence remains limited...

..Results from some epidemiologic studies have suggested that aspirin use may reduce risk of pancreatic cancer, but the evidence remains limited...

..Long-duration statin use was associated with substantially reduced risk of advanced prostate cancer in a recent large prospective study...

..Potentially functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in genes important in prostate angiogenesis (VEGF, HIF1A, and NOS3) have previously been associated with risk or severity of prostate cancer...

..However, associations between long-term statin use and risk of endometrial cancer, melanoma, and NHL deserve further investigation...

..60, 95% CI: 0.37, 0.96), but regular use of shorter duration was not (RR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.77, 1.40). Results support the hypothesis that long-duration vitamin E supplement use may reduce the risk of bladder cancer mortality...

..These results are consistent with the hypothesis that past, but not recent, multivitamin use may be associated with modestly reduced risk of colorectal cancer...

..This study examined the associations of prediagnosis and postdiagnosis recreational physical activity and leisure time spent sitting with mortality among patients with colorectal cancer...

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..This may reflect persistent differences in unknown environmental risk factors or possible genetic susceptibility...

..Vitamin D has been hypothesized to prevent breast cancer through genomic and non-genomic actions in cell-cycle regulation...

..We examined the relation between whole grains, fruit, vegetables and dietary fiber and colon cancer risk in the prospective Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort...

..7; 95% CI, 1.3-5.3 for highest versus lowest quartile; P(trend) = 0.008). This study suggests that high consumption of cooked processed meats may contribute to prostate cancer risk among Black men in the United States...

..Weight cycling, which consists of repeated cycles of weight loss followed by regain, occurs frequently in overweight and obese women. It is unclear whether weight cycling is associated with risk of endometrial cancer independent of BMI...

..03, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.19 in men and HR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.88, 1.12 in women). These results do not support an increased risk of mortality associated with weight cycling...

..To study the association between waist circumference and colorectal cancer, and whether it is independent of body mass index (BMI)...

..87, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.67-1.11]. Our results do not support an important role for vitamin E supplements in prostate cancer prevention...

..There is evidence that consumption of high levels of folic acid, the form of folate used for fortification and in supplements, has different effects on biochemical pathways than natural folates and might promote carcinogenesis...

..Accumulating evidence suggests that energy regulation, particularly insulin resistance, may influence breast cancer risk...

..Our results do not rule out effects of vitamin supplementation in areas in which stomach cancer rates are high and stomach cancer etiology may differ...

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..To examine the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and survival among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and to evaluate whether this association varies by sex, insulin treatment, and durations of T2DM and insulin use...

..This study assessed the association of pre- and postdiagnosis BMI with all-cause and cause-specific survival among men and women diagnosed with colorectal cancer in a prospective cohort...

..To assess the association between the use of multivitamins and prostate cancer mortality...

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..Correlates varied somewhat within season, race/ethnicity, and sex. These findings help identify persons at risk for low vitamin D status for both clinical and research purposes...

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..We examined the association between BMI and colorectal cancer incidence by use of HRT, and number of postmenopausal years without HRT, a measure of duration of exposure to lower levels of estrogen...

..We evaluated associations between overweight or obesity and colorectal cancer risk, overall and by tumor MSI status...

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..1, 95% CI = 1.3-3.4 >or=2000 mg/day of dietary calcium, P trend = 0.04). Our results support the hypothesis that very high calcium intake, above the recommended intake for men, may modestly increase risk of prostate cancer...

..To avoid potential bias away from the null, using season- or month-specific cutpoints may be preferable to adjusting for DOSC...

..The accumulated evidence from this and other studies support reconsidering stomach cancer as a tobacco-related cancer...

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..Obesity has been associated with aggressive prostate cancer. The extent of this association, which varies by stage and grade, remains unclear. The role of recent weight change had not been previously examined...

..Insulin use might also be associated with CRC risk. We investigated associations of type 2 DM and insulin use with CRC risk...

..Epidemiologic studies have shown that men with type II diabetes have a lower risk of prostate cancer than non-diabetic men. Recently, common variants in two genes, HNF1B and JAZF1, were found to be associated with both of these diseases...

..Most of these studies, however, have had limited ability to control rigorously for cigarette smoking or to examine risk separately by smoking status...

..To examine the association between use of anti-hypertensive drugs and prostate cancer incidence among 48,389 men in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort...

..Dairy product intake was not related to overall risk. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the hypothesis that calcium modestly reduces risk of colorectal cancer. Vitamin D was associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer only in men...

..63, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.71). Study results are consistent with the hypothesis that diabetes is associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer but only several years after diagnosis of diabetes...

..82), and external causes (RR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.21, 2.02). These findings suggest that mortality from other diseases, as well as coronary heart disease, may contribute to the increased mortality associated with a younger age at menopause...

..We examined the association of diabetes with cause-specific mortality, including deaths from specific cancers...

..The 36% increase in risk associated with obesity among women who had never used postmenopausal estrogens may have important public health implications because obesity is a growing problem in the United States...

..We examined the relationship of these polyunsaturated fatty acids and the ratio of their intake with colorectal cancer risk in a large U.S. prospective cohort...

..Primary concerns include inconsistent results from underpowered studies, residual confounding by smoking, and the question of whether the association varies by type of alcoholic beverage...

..These analyses lacked information on potential confounding factors and the association between Jewish ethnicity and pancreatic cancer has not been examined in any contemporary U.S. population or in any cohort study...

..Consumption of diets with high glycemic load has been hypothesized to increase pancreatic cancer risk by raising postprandial glucose levels and insulin secretion...

..The relationships between coffee, tea, and sugar-sweetened carbonated soft drink consumption and colon cancer risk remain unresolved...

..Despite consistent associations of type II diabetes mellitus with hormonally related cancers such as breast and endometrium, the relation between type II diabetes mellitus and ovarian cancer risk is unclear...

..We examined the prevalence of endoscopy (sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy) by indication and by demographic and lifestyle factors...

..However, neither the U.S. Surgeon General nor the IARC have classified the relationship as causal because of concern about residual confounding...

..This year's report highlights the increased cancer risk associated with excess weight (overweight or obesity) and lack of sufficient physical activity (<150 minutes of physical activity per week)...

..47). Our results confirm a moderate sized association between a family history of pancreatic cancer and risk of pancreatic cancer and also provide evidence for an association with a family history of prostate cancer worth further study...

..It also considers how even a 10% reduction in overall cancer incidence beginning during the first 10 years of treatment could tip the balance of benefits and risks favourably in average-risk populations...

..Inflammation has been hypothesized to increase prostate cancer risk. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is an important mediator of the inflammatory process, but the relationship between TNF variants and prostate cancer remains unclear...

..004). In contrast, no significant associations were found for use of vitamin C or multivitamins. These results suggest that vitamin E supplementation could have a role in ALS prevention...

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..To compare history of 22 different diseases reported during an in-person interview with that reported on a mailed self-administered questionnaire...