H E Syddall

..Public health strategies for prevention of osteoporosis should focus on the whole population...

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..The physical functioning (PF) domain of the established and widely used Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire asks about limitations on ten mobility activities...

..01). Discussion. There are social inequalities in grip strength, PF, and falls among older people. Interventions should consider the contribution of social inequalities to the problem...

..Reduced physical performance and physical activity have serious health consequences, but adult determinants do not fully explain variation in older people...

..As muscle strength is central to physical performance, we explored whether grip strength could be used as a marker of the Short Physical Performance Battery...

..We found deterioration in the mental health domain over follow-up in osteoporotic men (but not women) compared with other groups (relative rate ratio=5.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.78-19.2)...

..Body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD) are positively correlated in several studies, but few data relate bone density, lipid profile and anthropometric measures...

..7 versus 1.8 for neck pain). This accords with the pattern of transmission of HTV to the upper limb, although a confounding effect from other ergonomic risk factors cannot be discounted...

..Previous studies have suggested that the high bone density often observed in type 2 diabetic patients may be explained by insulin resistance. We explored this hypothesis in the Hertfordshire Cohort Study...

..CONCLUSIONS: Men with reduced BMD have low IGF-I but normal GH secretion and reserve. Our data suggested, but could not confirm, hepatic resistance to GH as a mechanism for this association...

..05], but no other relationships were significant. Poorer functioning (assessed by SF-36 questionnaire) is associated with lower total femoral BMD in older men (but less so in women) after adjustment for lifestyle factors and comorbidity...

..Sarcopenia, the loss of muscle mass and strength with age, is significantly associated with type 2 diabetes in older people...

..CONCLUSIONS: Urinary CTX-II and Glc-Gal-Pyd, but not systemic markers of bone turnover, are strongly associated with disease severity and the presence of OA at the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints in men...

..Both are strongly associated with years spent in a noisy occupation--a predominantly male exposure. The national burden of hearing difficulties attributable to noise at work is substantial...

..However, underlying mechanisms are unknown. Our objective was to determine whether low birth weight is associated with altered skeletal muscle morphology in older men...

..The interaction with infant weight suggests that early environment may influence the effect of GH1 genotype on bone loss...

..Angiotensin II type I receptor (AGTR1) A1166C has previously been associated with the development of hypertension and coronary disease, but its metabolic effects have not been investigated...

..To explore the interaction of smoking and occupational exposure to noise as risk factors for hearing difficulty in the general population...

..Our aim was to ascertain the feasibility and acceptability of obtaining muscle tissue from healthy older people in order to ultimately identify cellular mechanisms underlying life course influences on sarcopenia...

..04). Similar trends were seen with femoral neck BMC and lumber spine BMC.Individuals of lower birth weight may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of bone noxious stimuli such as cigarette smoking...

..Overall, a one-standard-deviation increase in birth weight reduced all-cause mortality risk by age 75 years by 0.86% for both men and women...

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..A protocol using a novel, versatile hand-held dynamometer (HHD) has been developed to measure the quadriceps strength in a supine position...

..An association has previously been reported between finger blanching and hearing difficulties, but only in workers with exposure to noise and hand transmitted vibration (HTV)...

..People who are small at birth tend to have higher blood pressure in later life. However, it is not clear whether it is fetal growth restriction or the accelerated postnatal growth that often follows it that leads to higher blood pressure...

..Progress towards the prevention of frailty would bring major health and socio-economic benefits at the individual and the population level...

..CONCLUSION: In contrast to previous studies in children or young adults, these data do not support the hypothesis that IGF-I concentrations are programmed by intra-uterine events, as assessed by birthweight, in late middle age...

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