Research Topics
| J A SterneSummaryAffiliation: University of Bristol Country: UK Publications
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Detail Information
Publications
The impact of pesticide suicide on the geographic distribution of suicide in Taiwan: a spatial analysisShu Sen Chang
School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
BMC Public Health 12:260. 2012..This study aims to investigate geographic variations in pesticide suicide and their impact on the spatial distribution of suicide in Taiwan...- Ongoing monitoring of data clustering in multicenter studiesLauren B Guthrie
Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and the Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, USA
BMC Med Res Methodol 12:29. 2012..While it is possible to address and correct for some measurement error through statistical analysis, proactive data monitoring is essential to ensure high-quality data collection... - A review of reporting of participant recruitment and retention in RCTs in six major journalsMerran Toerien
Department of Sociology, The University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 4PS, UK
Trials 10:52. 2009..This paper aims: (i) to update and extend previous reviews evaluating reporting of participant recruitment and retention in RCTs; (ii) to quantify the level of participation throughout RCTs... - Graphical presentation of diagnostic informationPenny F Whiting
Department of Social Medicine, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol, BS8 2PR, UK
BMC Med Res Methodol 8:20. 2008..Diagnostic information should be presented in an easily interpretable way, which conveys both test characteristics (diagnostic accuracy) and the potential for use in clinical practice (predictive value)... - The impact of CFS/ME on employment and productivity in the UK: a cross-sectional study based on the CFS/ME national outcomes databaseSimon M Collin
School of Social and Community Medicine, Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, BS8 2BN, UK
BMC Health Serv Res 11:217. 2011..Few studies have investigated factors associated with discontinuation of employment in patients with CFS/ME or quantified its impact on productivity... 
Funnel plots for detecting bias in meta-analysis: guidelines on choice of axisJ A Sterne
MRC Health Services Research Collaboration, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, BS8 2PR, Bristol, UK
J Clin Epidemiol 54:1046-55. 2001..We conclude that funnel plots of meta-analyses should generally use standard error as the measure of study size and ratio measures of treatment effect...- Commentary: Null points--has interpretation of significance tests improved?Jonathan Sterne
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK
Int J Epidemiol 32:693-4. 2003 - Teaching hypothesis tests--time for significant change?Jonathan A C Sterne
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK
Stat Med 21:985-94; discussion 995-999, 1001. 2002..K. medical schools represented at the April 2000 Burwalls meeting. Suggested guidelines for the teaching of statistical inference to medical students are presented, and possible future developments are discussed... - Statistical methods for assessing the influence of study characteristics on treatment effects in 'meta-epidemiological' researchJonathan A C Sterne
MRC Health Services Research Collaboration, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, UK
Stat Med 21:1513-24. 2002..We show that both within- and between meta-analysis heterogeneity may be of importance in the analysis of meta-epidemiological studies, and that confounding exists between the effects of publication status and trial quality... - Inequalities in rates of gonorrhoea and chlamydia between black ethnic groups in south east London: cross sectional studyN Low
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, UK
Sex Transm Infect 77:15-20. 2001..To examine differences in population based rates of gonorrhoea and chlamydia between black ethnic groups in Lambeth, Southwark and Lewisham Health Authority... - Uses and abuses of meta-analysisM Egger
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol
Clin Med 1:478-84. 2001..We argue that meta-analysis should be performed only within the framework of systematic reviews--that is, reviews prepared using a systematic approach to minimise bias and address the combinability of studies... 
Evidence-based diagnosisPenny Whiting
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
J Health Serv Res Policy 13:57-63. 2008..Three areas that would benefit from further research are literature searching, synthesis of results from individual patient data and presentation of results...- Suicide risk in small areas in England and Wales, 1991-1993Nicos Middleton
Dept of Social Medicine, University of Bristol Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, BS8 2PR, Bristol, UK
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 39:45-52. 2004..Previous ecological studies have focused on relatively large geographic areas and/or examined associations in all age groups combined... - Enhanced enzyme immunoassay with negative-gray-zone testing compared to a single nucleic Acid amplification technique for community-based chlamydial screening of menPaddy Horner
The Milne Centre, United Bristol Healthcare Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
J Clin Microbiol 43:2065-9. 2005..In addition, positive nucleic acid amplification test results should be confirmed and an inhibition control should be used... - Associations of parental, birth, and early life characteristics with systolic blood pressure at 5 years of age: findings from the Mater-University study of pregnancy and its outcomesDebbie A Lawlor
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Rd, Bristol, BS8 2PR, UK
Circulation 110:2417-23. 2004..We examined the associations of a range of parental and early life characteristics with systolic blood pressure at 5 years of age... - Sex differences in body fat distribution and carotid intima media thickness: cross sectional survey using data from the British regional heart studyDebbie A Lawlor
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, UK
J Epidemiol Community Health 58:700-4. 2004..To determine the role of central adiposity in explaining sex differences in carotid intima media thickness (IMT)... - Systematic reviews of test accuracy should search a range of databases to identify primary studiesPenny Whiting
MRC Health Services Research Collaboration, Department of Social Medicine, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol, BS8 2PR, UK
J Clin Epidemiol 61:357-364. 2008..To estimate the yield from searching a range of bibliographic databases and additional sources to identify test accuracy studies for systematic reviews... - Birth weight of offspring and subsequent cardiovascular mortality of the parentsGeorge Davey Smith
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Epidemiology 16:563-9. 2005..CONCLUSION: Associations between offspring birth characteristics and parents' mortality could, at least in part, reflect genetic factors that influence both birth weight and cardiovascular disease risk... - Direction and impact of language bias in meta-analyses of controlled trials: empirical studyPeter Juni
Medical Research Council Health Services Research Collaboration, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, UK
Int J Epidemiol 31:115-23. 2002..We examined the influence of trials published in languages other than English on combined estimates and conclusions of published meta-analyses... - Mendelian randomization: using genes as instruments for making causal inferences in epidemiologyDebbie A Lawlor
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, U K
Stat Med 27:1133-63. 2008..This paper outlines Mendelian randomization, draws parallels with IV methods, provides examples of implementation of the approach and discusses limitations of the approach and some methods for dealing with these... - The impact of residual and unmeasured confounding in epidemiologic studies: a simulation studyZoe Fewell
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Am J Epidemiol 166:646-55. 2007..Patterns are more complex for correlated confounders. With plausible assumptions, effect sizes of the magnitude frequently reported in observational epidemiologic studies can be generated by residual and/or unmeasured confounding alone... - The geography of despair among 15-44-year-old men in England and Wales: putting suicide on the mapNicos Middleton
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK
J Epidemiol Community Health 60:1040-7. 2006..To investigate the spatial patterning and possible contributors to the geographical distribution of suicide among 15-44- year-old men... - The publication process itself was the major cause of publication bias in genetic epidemiologyMichael Calnan
Medical Research Councils Health Services Research Collaboration, UK
J Clin Epidemiol 59:1312-8. 2006..How do scientists in the field of genetic epidemiology see the problem of publication bias, what are the possible solutions and what particular pressures are they under that might either promote or prevent publication and other biases?.. - Vulvovaginal-swab or first-catch urine specimen to detect Chlamydia trachomatis in women in a community setting?Sue Skidmore
Public Health Laboratory Service, Birmingham Laboratory, Birmingham, UK
J Clin Microbiol 44:4389-94. 2006.... - Prognosis of HIV-1-infected patients up to 5 years after initiation of HAART: collaborative analysis of prospective studiesMargaret May
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol, UK
AIDS 21:1185-97. 2007..To estimate the prognosis over 5 years of HIV-1-infected, treatment-naive patients starting HAART, taking into account the immunological and virological response to therapy... - Association of childhood socioeconomic position with cause-specific mortality in a prospective record linkage study of 1,839,384 individualsDebbie A Lawlor
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Am J Epidemiol 164:907-15. 2006..Educational attainment may be important in reducing the health inequalities associated with early-life disadvantage... - An atlas of suicide mortality: England and Wales, 1988-1994Nicos Middleton
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Landmark Center, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, USA
Health Place 14:492-506. 2008..Some features were common to all, while others appeared male specific or specific to the younger age group. Suicide prevention strategies can be informed by an understanding and addressing the geography of suicide... - A coronary heart disease risk model for predicting the effect of potent antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 infected menMargaret May
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, UK
Int J Epidemiol 36:1309-18. 2007..We developed a prognostic model for CHD tailored to the changes in risk factors observed in patients starting HAART... - Inference from genome-wide association studies using a novel Markov modelFay J Hosking
Department of Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Genet Epidemiol 32:497-504. 2008..Our method is able to correctly identify the causal locus in examples where single SNP analysis is both successful and unsuccessful at identifying the causal SNP... - How much of the data published in observational studies of the association between diet and prostate or bladder cancer is usable for meta-analysis?Geertruida E Bekkering
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Am J Epidemiol 167:1017-26. 2008..Results providing evidence of associations may be overrepresented in meta-analyses of observational studies... - Accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: systematic reviewPenny Whiting
MRC Health Services Research Collaboration, Department of Social Medicine, Bristol BS8 2PR
BMJ 332:875-84. 2006..To determine the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging criteria for the early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in patients with suspected disease... - Life expectancy of individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy in high-income countries: a collaborative analysis of 14 cohort studiesRobert Hogg
Lancet 372:293-9. 2008..The average number of years remaining to be lived at age 20 years was about two-thirds of that in the general population in these countries... - Secular trends in mortality by stroke subtype in the 20th century: a retrospective analysisDebbie A Lawlor
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Lancet 360:1818-23. 2002.... - Frequent job change and associated healthChris Metcalfe
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol, UK
Soc Sci Med 56:1-15. 2003..However, the observed relationship between frequent job changing and a higher incidence of health risk behaviours, in the absence of a relationship with poorer health, invites further research... - Estimating the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on all-cause mortality and incidence of coronary heart disease using G-estimation: the atherosclerosis risk in communities studyKate Tilling
Division of Public Health Sciences, King s College London, Capital House, London SE1 3QD, England
Am J Epidemiol 155:710-8. 2002..G-Estimation can be used to overcome such biases, and thus may have important implications for the analysis of observational studies... - Using bivariate models to understand between- and within-cluster regression coefficients, with application to twin dataLyle C Gurrin
Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, School of Population Health, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia
Biometrics 62:745-51. 2006..We illustrate these results in a study of female twin pairs from Australia and North America relating mammographic breast density to weight and body mass index... - HIV treatment response and prognosis in Europe and North America in the first decade of highly active antiretroviral therapy: a collaborative analysisMargaret T May
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK
Lancet 368:451-8. 2006..We aimed to examine trends in the characteristics of patients starting HAART in Europe and North America, and their treatment response and short-term prognosis... - Nutritional interventions and outcome in patients with cancer or preinvasive lesions: systematic reviewAnna A Davies
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin St, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
J Natl Cancer Inst 98:961-73. 2006..There is no evidence that dietary modification by cancer patients improves survival and benefits disease prognosis... - A modified test for small-study effects in meta-analyses of controlled trials with binary endpointsRoger M Harbord
MRC Health Services Research Collaboration, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, UK
Stat Med 25:3443-57. 2006..When the degree of between-trial heterogeneity is large, none of the tests that have been proposed has uniformly good properties... - Incidence of Tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy in Europe and North AmericaEnrico Girardi
Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive L Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
Clin Infect Dis 41:1772-82. 2005..We obtained estimates of the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) among patients receiving HAART and identified determinants of the incidence... - Prognostic model for HIV-1 disease progression in patients starting antiretroviral therapy was validated using independent dataMargaret May
Antiretroviral Therapy ART Cohort Collaboration Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK
J Clin Epidemiol 58:1033-41. 2005..The objective is to validate the model on independent data from CASCADE... - Does elevated plasma fibrinogen increase the risk of coronary heart disease? Evidence from a meta-analysis of genetic association studiesGeorge Davey Smith
Department of Social Medicine, Canynge Hall, Bristol BS8 2PR, United Kingdom
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25:2228-33. 2005..The purpose of this study was to assess whether a genetic variant associated with higher fibrinogen levels is associated with increased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, as a test of the causal influence of fibrinogen on CHD... - Long-term effectiveness of potent antiretroviral therapy in preventing AIDS and death: a prospective cohort studyJonathan A C Sterne
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK
Lancet 366:378-84. 2005.... - Cause-specific hospital admission and mortality among working men: association with socioeconomic circumstances in childhood and adult life, and the mediating role of daily stressChris Metcalfe
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Eur J Public Health 15:238-44. 2005.... - 'You can't tell by looking': pilot study of a community-based intervention to detect asymptomatic sexually transmitted infectionsN Low
MRC Health Service Research Collaboration, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Rd, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK
Int J STD AIDS 14:830-4. 2003..Only 7% of those tested found it embarrassing. The intervention was both feasible and acceptable to young people. It could be tested in a wider variety of non-clinical settings and evaluated in a cluster randomized trial... - Screening for chlamydiaNicola Low
Lancet 365:1539. 2005 - Coverage and uptake of systematic postal screening for genital Chlamydia trachomatis and prevalence of infection in the United Kingdom general population: cross sectional studyJohn Macleod
Department of Primary Care and General Practice, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT
BMJ 330:940. 2005..To measure the coverage and uptake of systematic postal screening for genital Chlamydia trachomatis and the prevalence of infection in the general population in the United Kingdom. To investigate factors associated with these measures... - Prognosis of HIV-1-infected patients starting highly active antiretroviral therapy: a collaborative analysis of prospective studiesMatthias Egger
Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, CH 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Lancet 360:119-29. 2002..The ART Cohort Collaboration, which includes 13 cohort studies from Europe and North America, was established to fill this knowledge gap... - Partner notification of chlamydia infection in primary care: randomised controlled trial and analysis of resource useNicola Low
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PR
BMJ 332:14-9. 2006..To evaluate the effectiveness of a practice nurse led strategy to improve the notification and treatment of partners of people with chlamydia infection... - Development and validation of a prognostic model for survival time data: application to prognosis of HIV positive patients treated with antiretroviral therapyMargaret May
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Stat Med 23:2375-98. 2004..The methods are illustrated by using a model developed to predict progression to a new AIDS event or death in HIV-1 positive patients starting antiretroviral therapy... - A comparison of socio-demographic and psychological factors between patients consenting to randomisation and those selecting treatment (the ProtecT study)Nicola Mills
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, UK
Contemp Clin Trials 27:413-9. 2006..Moreover, randomising patients with a preference may affect treatment efficacy and threaten internal validity... - A unification of models for meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studiesRoger M Harbord
Medical Research Council Health Services Research Collaboration, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol, UK
Biostatistics 8:239-51. 2007..We discuss the different forms of summary model output suggested by the two approaches, including summary ROC curves, summary points, confidence regions, and prediction regions... - Oxycodone for cancer-related pain: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsColette M Reid
Department of Palliative Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
Arch Intern Med 166:837-43. 2006..44) and lower compared with hydromorphone (-0.36; 95% CI, -0.71 to 0.00), although these effect sizes were small. The efficacy and tolerability of oxycodone are similar to morphine, supporting its use as an opioid for cancer-related pain... - Mortality of HIV-1-infected patients in the first year of antiretroviral therapy: comparison between low-income and high-income countriesPaula Braitstein
Lancet 367:817-24. 2006..Timely diagnosis and assessment of treatment eligibility, coupled with free provision of HAART, might reduce this excess mortality... - Opportunistic and systematic screening for chlamydia: a study of consultations by young adults in general practiceChris Salisbury
Academic Unit of Primary Health Care, University of Bristol, Cotham House, Cotham Hill, Bristol BS6 6JL, UK
Br J Gen Pract 56:99-103. 2006..There are insufficient data about young peoples' use of primary care services to determine the potential coverage of opportunistic screening in comparison with a systematic population-based approach... - Socioeconomic inequalities in healthDebbie A Lawlor
BMJ 334:963-4. 2007 - Combining individual and ecological data to determine compositional and contextual socio-economic risk factors for suicideEsben Agerbo
Faculty of Social Sciences, National Centre for Register Based Research, University of Aarhus, Taasingegade 1, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
Soc Sci Med 64:451-61. 2007..This analysis suggests the ecological associations to be attributed to characteristics of the residents rather than area influences on risk... - A contemporary validation of the Reeder Stress InventoryChris Metcalfe
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, UK
Br J Health Psychol 8:83-94. 2003..To examine the construct validity of the RSI in a contemporary cohort... - Correction: reported methodologic quality and discrepancies between large and small randomized trials in meta-analysesLise L Gluud
Ann Intern Med 149:219. 2008 - Comparison of secretory IgA and IgG isotype levels in palatal secretions of denture stomatitis patients with denture wearers having clinically healthy palatesJeffrey Wilson
Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent 15:50-4. 2007..Unexpectedly, SIgA levels were found to be significantly (p<0.05) lower in denture stomatitis patients compared with healthy palate patients... - NHS waiting lists and evidence of national or local failure: analysis of health service dataRichard M Martin
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PR
BMJ 326:188. 2003..Little and inconsistent support was found for associations of prolonged waiting with markers of capacity, independent sector activity, or need in the surgical specialties examined... - A review identifies and classifies reasons for ordering diagnostic testsPenny Whiting
MRC Health Services Research Collaboration, Department of Social Medicine, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK
J Clin Epidemiol 60:981-9. 2007..To consider the reasons and context for test ordering by doctors when faced with an undiagnosed complaint in primary or secondary care...