Ishtiaq Rehman

..Our proteomic approach has identified leads for potentially useful serum biomarkers associated with the metastatic progression of prostate cancer. The panels identified, including eEF1A1 warrant further investigation and validation...

..S100A6 and S100A2 are members of the S100 family of calcium binding proteins, which are down regulated in prostate cancer, however the molecular mechanism(s) underlying their loss of expression is unknown...

..The role of DNA methylation in the transcriptional regulation of S100A4 is unknown in human prostate cancer...

..The finding of intense S100A6 expression in the basal cells of benign glands but loss of expression in cancer could be useful as a novel diagnostic marker for prostate cancer...

..Due to the heterogeneity in the biological behavior of prostate cancer, biomarkers that can reliably distinguish indolent from aggressive disease are urgently needed to inform treatment choices...

..Here we investigate the extent of promoter hypermethylation in TCC throughout the urinary tract...

..To identify novel candidates associated with metastatic progression, we compared the proteomic profiles of LNCaP (lymph-node metastatic, androgen-dependant) and PC-3 (bone metastatic, androgen-independent), human prostate cancer cells...

..The extent of this hypermethylation increases during disease progression and can be used to identify the extent and duration of treatment response in prostate cancer...

..0005, Mann-Whitney U). Our study is the first to report the application of iTRAQ technology and its potential for the global proteomic profiling of prostate cancer cells, including the identification of absent protein expression...

..Here, we investigate a panel of methylated loci in a prospectively collected cohort of bladder tumors to determine whether hypermethylation has a useful role in the management of patients with bladder cancer...

..To determine the frequency of microsatellite instability (MSI) change with mono-, di- and tetranucleotide markers in clinically localized prostate cancer, and to correlate those markers with clinical and pathological variables...

..Our finding of frequent dysregulated expression of S100A11 in cancer and precursor lesions, together with an association with high histological stage, suggests that S100A11 may be involved in prostate cancer development and progression...

..In conclusion, distinct microRNA alterations characterize UCC and target genes in a pathway-specific manner. These data reveal new insights into the disease biology and have implications regarding tumor diagnosis, prognosis and therapy...

..In this study we have, for the first time, assessed matched primary and bone marrow biopsies from prostate cancer patients for the distribution of cells carrying these and a number of other putative stem cell markers...

..Gene expression microarrays can reveal insights into disease biology and identify novel biomarkers. However, these experiments produce large datasets that are difficult to interpret...

..Many patients require repeat prostate biopsies to diagnose the disease. We investigated whether aberrant promoter hypermethylation in prostatic fluid could reliably detect prostate cancer...

..We conclude that care should be exercised using this antibody for immunohistochemistry studies, without additional in situ hybridisation, or parallel use of other OPG-specific antibodies...

..Tumors with high MSI have numerous DNA mutations, of which many provide no selection benefit. While these tumors represent an ideal model for studying UC clonality, their low frequency has prevented their previous investigation...

..In addition, we have confirmed that MSI and EMAST are discrete forms of MSI, and that the presence of EMAST does not affect tumour phenotype...

..Observational studies conflict as to the significance of anatomical location on the behavior of urothelial carcinoma. We compared the biological outcome in a large series of urothelial carcinoma with respect to anatomical location...

..S100A6, S100A8, S100A9 and S100A11 have all been suggested to have potential roles in carcinogenesis and tumour progression but their expression has not been described in a wide range of human tissues and tumours...

..001). Absent LDHB expression was also seen in 7/7 (100%) cases of metastatic cancer in bone. Our data are the first to show loss of LDHB expression in prostate cancer, the mechanism of which appears to involve promoter hypermethylation...

..03). Promoter methylation occurs early in the urothelial carcinogenic pathway and appears to be a good biomarker of the invasive urothelial carcinoma phenotype...

..In light of our results, we propose a list of advice for iTRAQ data analysis that could routinely ameliorate quantitative interpretation of proteomic data sets...

..CONCLUSIONS: The role of urinary calgranulin B/MRP-14 as a potential novel marker for prostate cancer needs additional investigation...

..The frequency and extent of methylation appears to increase with age and malignancy. The lack of tumour specificity suggests that further investigation is required before this test is introduced into clinical practice...

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