Research Topics
Species | Raj N KalariaSummaryAffiliation: University of Newcastle Country: UK Publications
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Publications
Similarities between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementiaRaj Kalaria
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 6BE, UK
J Neurol Sci 203:29-34. 2002..Regarding effective therapeutic management of dementia patients, further concerted epidemiological study of these related dementia types should aid in clinical decisions on the applicability of cholinergic treatments...- Identification and expression of the Na+/H+ exchanger in mammalian cerebrovascular and choroidal tissues: characterization by amiloride-sensitive [3H]MIA binding and RT-PCR analysisR N Kalaria
Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
Brain Res Mol Brain Res 58:178-87. 1998..Our study suggests that mammalian cerebrovascular and choroidal tissues contain high amounts of the ubiquitous amiloride-sensitive [3H]MIA binding proteins consistent with the expression of NHE type 1 mRNA... - Towards defining the neuropathological substrates of vascular dementiaRaj N Kalaria
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, UK
J Neurol Sci 226:75-80. 2004..Similar to other common dementias consensus criteria for VaD need unambiguous definition to impact on preventative and treatment strategies and are critical for selective recruitment to clinical trials... - Vascular factors in Alzheimer's diseaseRaj N Kalaria
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle General Hospital, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Int Psychogeriatr 15:47-52. 2003..These factors would modify the cerebral circulation such that a sustained hypoperfusion or oligemia is impacted upon the aging processes to induce the characteristic pathology... - Comparison between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: implications for treatmentRaj N Kalaria
Wolfson Centre, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, UK
Neurol Res 25:661-4. 2003..Cerebrovascular pathology, ischemic brain damage and autonomic dysregulation resulting in cerebral hypoperfusion appears fundamental in the pathogenesis of late-onset dementias... 
Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in developing countries: prevalence, management, and risk factorsRaj N Kalaria
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Lancet Neurol 7:812-26. 2008..Dementia costs in developing countries are estimated to be US$73 billion yearly, but care demands social protection, which seems scarce in these regions...- Dementia comes of age in the developing worldRaj N Kalaria
Institute for Ageing and Health, Wolfson Unit, Newcastle General Hospital, NE4 6BE, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Lancet 361:888-9. 2003 
Neurodegenerative disease: Diabetes, microvascular pathology and Alzheimer diseaseRaj N Kalaria
Institute for Ageing and Health, Wolfson Research Center Neuropathology, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Nat Rev Neurol 5:305-6. 2009..A thorough appraisal of concomitant vascular changes in dementia might resolve this incongruity...- Vascular basis for brain degeneration: faltering controls and risk factors for dementiaRaj N Kalaria
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
Nutr Rev 68:S74-87. 2010..Lifestyle measures that maintain or improve cardiovascular health, including consumption of healthy diets, moderate use of alcohol, and implementation of regular physical exercise are important factors for brain protection... - The pathogenesis of CADASIL: an updateR N Kalaria
Institute for Ageing and Health, School of Neurology, Neurobiology and Psychiatry, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 6 BE, UK
J Neurol Sci 226:35-9. 2004..This report summarizes some of the highlights of the satellite symposium on CADASIL at Vas-Cog 2003... - Vascular endothelial growth factor in Alzheimer's disease and experimental cerebral ischemiaR N Kalaria
Departments of Neurology, Neurosciences, Neurological Surgery and Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
Brain Res Mol Brain Res 62:101-5. 1998..We suggest the increased VEGF reactivity, also observed in infarcted human brain tissue, implicates compensatory mechanisms to counter insufficient vascularity or reduced perfusion (oligemia) apparent in AD... - Introduction: Non-atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disordersRaj N Kalaria
Wolfson Centre, Institute for Ageing and Health and Department of Psychiatry, Newcastle General Hospital, United Kingdom
Brain Pathol 12:337-42. 2002..The identification of novel genes associated with the hereditary forms of cerebrovascular disorders has been invaluable to understanding of the pathogenesis and management of sporadic disease... - Small vessel disease and Alzheimer's dementia: pathological considerationsRaj N Kalaria
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle General Hospital, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Cerebrovasc Dis 13:48-52. 2002.... - Stroke and cognitionR N Kalaria
CBV Group, Wolfson Research Centre, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, United Kingdom
Curr Atheroscler Rep 3:334-9. 2001..Although several neurotransmitter systems may be affected in post-stroke dementia, the amelioration of cholinergic function is a worthy target... - The blood-brain barrier and cerebrovascular pathology in Alzheimer's diseaseR N Kalaria
Institute for Health of the Elderly, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
Ann N Y Acad Sci 893:113-25. 1999..These vascular abnormalities are likely to worsen cognitive disability in AD... - The role of cerebral ischemia in Alzheimer's diseaseR N Kalaria
Wolfson Research Centre, Institute for Health of the Elderly, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, NE4 6BE, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
Neurobiol Aging 21:321-30. 2000..Irrespective of the ultimate pathogenetic mechanism, these approaches implicate that management of peripheral vascular disease is important in the treatment or prevention of Alzheimer's disease or mixed dementia... - Neuroimaging predictors of death and dementia in a cohort of older stroke survivorsMichael J Firbank
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 83:263-7. 2012..Subjects had a cognitive assessment at 3 months post stroke to exclude dementia, and had an MRI scan (n=106) at that time. Subjects were then followed longitudinally for incident dementia and/or death... - Hippocampal neuronal atrophy and cognitive function in delayed poststroke and aging-related dementiasElizabeth Gemmell
Centre for Brain Ageing and Vitality, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Stroke 43:808-14. 2012..We have previously shown delayed poststroke dementia in elderly (≥75 years old) stroke survivors is associated with medial temporal lobe atrophy; however, the basis of the structural and functional changes is unknown... - Quantification of myelin loss in frontal lobe white matter in vascular dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and dementia with Lewy bodiesMasafumi Ihara
Institute for Ageing and Health, Wolfson Research Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Acta Neuropathol 119:579-89. 2010.... - NOS3 gene rs1799983 polymorphism and incident dementia in elderly stroke survivorsChristopher M Morris
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Neurobiol Aging 32:554.e1-6. 2011..001). We hypothesize that this may be mediated by reduction of nitric oxide production and cerebral perfusion. Our findings, if replicated widely, have implications for treatments to ameliorate cognitive decline in stroke survivors... - Long term incidence of dementia, predictors of mortality and pathological diagnosis in older stroke survivorsLouise M Allan
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Wolfson Research Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
Brain 134:3716-27. 2011..Careful monitoring and treatment of modifiable vascular risk factors may be of benefit in preventing post-stroke dementia in the general population... - Platelet immunoglobulin and amyloid precursor protein as potential peripheral biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease: findings from a pilot studyElizabeta B Mukaetova-Ladinska
Institute for Ageing and Health, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
Age Ageing 41:408-12. 2012..Since cerebrospinal fluid analysis and molecular neuroimaging are not routinely used in many countries, blood biomarker molecules may be more readily applicable in a routine clinical setting... - Medial temporal atrophy rather than white matter hyperintensities predict cognitive decline in stroke survivorsMichael J Firbank
Institute for Ageing and Health, University of Newcastle, Wolfson Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, UK
Neurobiol Aging 28:1664-9. 2007..The association of MTA but not WMH with subsequent cognitive decline and increasing brain atrophy suggests a greater role for Alzheimer type than vascular pathology in delayed cognitive impairment after stroke... - Neuropathological correlates of temporal pole white matter hyperintensities in CADASILYumi Yamamoto
Institute for Ageing and Health, WRc, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 6BE, United Kingdom
Stroke 40:2004-11. 2009..We assessed pathological changes in postmortem tissue from the temporal pole to reveal the cause of CADASIL-specific WM hyperintensities... - Can healthy lifestyle modify risk factors for dementia? Findings from a pilot community-based survey in Chennai (India) and Newcastle (UK)Elizabeta B Mukaetova-Ladinska
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Neuroepidemiology 39:163-70. 2012..Attention has turned to defining preventive strategies and identifying modifying effects of lifestyle, including physical activity, diet, alcohol intake and smoking, in reducing cognitive decline and overt memory problems in the elderly... - A comparative study to screen dementia and APOE genotypes in an ageing East African populationChien Hsiun Chen
Laboratory of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
Neurobiol Aging 31:732-40. 2010..There was no evidence to suggest years of education or vascular factors were associated with dementia status... - Synaptic proteins and choline acetyltransferase loss in visual cortex in dementia with Lewy bodiesElizabeta B Mukaetova-Ladinska
Institute for Ageing and Health, Wolfson Research Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 72:53-60. 2013..These findings draw attention to molecular changes within the primary visual cortex in DLB and correlate with the neuroimaging findings within the occipital lobe in patients with this disorder... - Increase in platelet immunoglobulin in Alzheimer's disease is normalised following cholinesterase inhibitor treatment: preliminary resultsElizabeta B Mukaetova-Ladinska
Institute for Ageing and Health, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
J Alzheimers Dis 32:431-6. 2012.... - Association between mild vascular cognitive impairment and impaired activities of daily living in older stroke survivors without dementiaSally Stephens
University of Newcastle, UK
J Am Geriatr Soc 53:103-7. 2005..CONCLUSION: The findings emphasize the importance of identifying early cognitive impairments to optimize rehabilitation, care planning, and secondary prevention of dementia in stroke patients... - Pathologies and pathological mechanisms for white matter hyperintensities in depressionAlan J Thomas
Department of Psychiatry and Institute for Ageing and Health, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, United Kingdom
Ann N Y Acad Sci 977:333-9. 2002..However, since large vessel and small vessel disease were not associated with WMH, our findings suggest hypotensive disease might be an important and unrecognized mechanism underlying WMH in late-life depression... - Neurocardiovascular instability in cognitive impairment and dementiaRose Anne M Kenny
MRC Development Centre for Clinical Brain Ageing, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
Ann N Y Acad Sci 977:183-95. 2002..NCVI is common in patients with dementia and may be a reversible cause of falls and syncope. Repeated hypotensive episodes may exaggerate cognitive decline in these patients... - Neuropsychological deficits in older stroke patientsClive Ballard
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle NE4 6BE, United Kingdom
Ann N Y Acad Sci 977:179-82. 2002.... - Profile of neuropsychological deficits in older stroke survivors without dementiaClive Ballard
Institute for Ageing and Health, Wolfson Research Centre, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 6BE, UK
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 16:52-6. 2003..Few studies have examined the profile of cognitive impairments in older stroke patients without dementia... - Homocysteine and post-stroke cognitive declineElise N Rowan
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Age Ageing 36:339-43. 2007 - Prospective follow-up study between 3 and 15 months after stroke: improvements and decline in cognitive function among dementia-free stroke survivors >75 years of ageClive Ballard
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Rd, Newcastle NE4 6BE UK
Stroke 34:2440-4. 2003..Poststroke cognitive impairment is frequent. There are, however, few longitudinal studies examining delayed changes in poststroke cognition... - Cholinergic neuronal deficits in CADASILJessica S Keverne
Institute for Ageing and Health, Wolfson Research Centre, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 6BE, United Kingdom
Stroke 38:188-91. 2007..Previous evidence from MRI and acetylcholinesterase histochemistry suggests cholinergic fibers are affected in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL)... - White matter hyperintensities are associated with impairment of memory, attention, and global cognitive performance in older stroke patientsEmma J Burton
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle, UK
Stroke 35:1270-5. 2004.... - Hypoxia of sleep apnoea: cardiopulmonary and cerebral changes after intermittent hypoxia in ratsRaj N Kalaria
Wolfson Centre, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, UK
Respir Physiol Neurobiol 140:53-62. 2004..This suggests that the signals for angiogenesis were complete or arrested after CH. Our findings have implications for the elderly subjected to hypoxic episodes during sleep apnoea... - Correlation of entorhinal amyloid with memory in Alzheimer's and vascular but not Lewy body dementiaAlan Thomas
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle, UK
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 19:57-60. 2005..This relationship was stronger for AB42 and in the entorhinal cortex. CONCLUSION: The anatomic location of amyloid deposition is an important factor-specific factor in memory impairment in AD and VaD... - Hyperintensities and fronto-subcortical atrophy on MRI are substrates of mild cognitive deficits after strokeEmma Burton
Institute for Ageing and Health, Wolfson Research Centre, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 16:113-8. 2003..CONCLUSION: Attentional and executive impairments are underpinned by WMH in fronto-striato-thalamo-frontal circuits. Frontal atrophy is identified as a novel substrate of cognitive decline in stroke patients... - Does vascular pathology contribute to Alzheimer changes?Raj N Kalaria
Centre for Brain Ageing and Vitality, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo, Kyoto 606 8507, Japan Electronic address
J Neurol Sci 322:141-7. 2012.... - Microangiopathy in the cerebellum of patients with mitochondrial DNA diseaseNichola Z Lax
The Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
Brain 135:1736-50. 2012..Since therapeutic strategies targeting the central nervous system are limited, modulating vascular function presents an exciting opportunity to lessen the burden of disease in these patients... - Revisiting dietary antioxidants, neurodegeneration and dementiaLucinda Craggs
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Neuroreport 22:1-3. 2011..Alzheimer's disease is a complex disorder. A single target through use of antioxidants may be effective in some but multiple approaches for its control seem to be necessary... - CADASIL-causing mutations do not alter Notch3 receptor processing and activationWee-Chuang Low
Institute for Ageing and Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Neuroreport 17:945-9. 2006..Our results suggest that the arteriopathy in CADASIL is caused by other mechanisms not necessarily involving Notch3 processing and activation... - CADASIL: a common form of hereditary arteriopathy causing brain infarcts and dementiaHannu Kalimo
Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, Finland
Brain Pathol 12:371-84. 2002..It is as yet unclear which disturbance in the Notch signaling pathway leads to the characteristic vascular pathology of CADASIL... - White matter lesions in an unselected cohort of the elderly: molecular pathology suggests origin from chronic hypoperfusion injuryMalee S Fernando
Division of Genomic Medicine, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
Stroke 37:1391-8. 2006..04). CONCLUSIONS: The data support a hypoxic environment within MRI WMLs. Persistent HIF expression may result from failure of normal adaptive mechanisms. WM ischemia appears to be a common feature of the aging brain... - Vascular determinants of cholinergic deficits in Alzheimer disease and vascular dementiaGustavo C Roman
University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229 3900, USA
Neurobiol Aging 27:1769-85. 2006..We postulate that vascular pathology likely plays a common role in initiating cholinergic neuronal abnormalities in VaD and AD... - Novel presenilin 1 mutation with profound neurofibrillary pathology in an indigenous Southern African family with early-onset Alzheimer's diseaseJeannine M Heckmann
Division of Neurology, Groote Schur Hospital and University of Cape Town, South Africa
Brain 127:133-42. 2004..Although sporadic cases of AD do exist in African populations, our study confirms the existence of early-onset familial AD among indigenous Southern Africans... - Rounding up the usual suspects: lacunar infarction and impairment in CADASILRaj N Kalaria
Neurology 69:131-2. 2007 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-Canadian Stroke Network vascular cognitive impairment harmonization standardsVladimir Hachinski
London Health Sciences Centre, University Campus, London, Ontario, Canada
Stroke 37:2220-41. 2006..Using the same standards will help identify individuals in the early stages of cognitive impairment, will make studies comparable, and by integrating knowledge, will accelerate the pace of progress... - Novel aspects of accumulation dynamics and A beta composition in transgenic models of ADHuw D Lewis
Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, Neuroscience Research Centre, Terlings Park, Harlow, Essex CM20 2QR, UK
Neurobiol Aging 25:1175-85. 2004..Application of the same extraction and quantitation procedures to samples of temporal cortex from AD sufferers indicates however that A beta(40) is only a minor component of beta-amyloid in humans... - Amyloid-beta and synaptic activity in mice and menMasafumi Ihara
Neuroreport 18:1205-6. 2007
Research Grants
- MECHANISMS OF NEURODEGENERATION AND REGENERATION IN POST-STROKE SURVIVORSRaj Kalaria; Fiscal Year: 2007....