J Hodgkin

..In this review we consider the ways in which genetical investigations of this species have begun to change and what some of the consequences of the completion of the sequence are likely to be...

..Pleiotropy, a situation in which a single gene influences multiple phenotypic traits, can arise in a variety of ways. This paper discusses possible underlying mechanisms and proposes a classification of the various phenomena involved...

..Crosses between N2 and CB4855 indicate that the higher virility is due to multiple factors. Size differences between N2 and CB4855 are associated with factors mapping to LGV and LGX...

..In contrast, the underlying molecular mechanisms appear to be very different in these two species. Developmental processes such as sex determination need not be strongly conserved in evolution...

..Multicopy expression of stu-7 also causes mitotic defects, suggesting that the level of this protein must be tightly controlled in order to maintain genetic stability during development...

..We find that a protein sequence amino-terminal to the finger domain also appears to play a role in DNA binding...

..A low level of both spermatogenesis and oogenesis can occur in the absence of tra-1 activity. Both the function and the regulation of this gene must be complex...

..The tra-1 fingers are strikingly similar to those of three other proteins, the products of the human GLI and GLI3 and Drosophila cubitus interruptus Dominant (ciD) genes...

..Based on these observations and new genetic data, we suggest a refinement of the position of tra-3 within the sex determination cascade and discuss possible mechanisms of action for the TRA-3 protein...

..We propose that the fates of the four rectal cells are initially specified as two pairs (B and Y, F and U) and that the function of mab-9 in both sexes is to differentiate the posterior member of each pair from its anterior neighbor...

..This suggests that the smg suppressors affect a process other than translation, for example mRNA processing, transport, or stability...

..These results indicate that telomeres may be identified as a type of DNA damage and then repaired by the telomere-replication enzyme telomerase...

..Certain mutants of C. elegans with altered surface antigenicity are resistant to infection. The induced deformation appears to be part of a survival strategy for the bacteria, as C. elegans are potentially their predators...

..These results (together with previous data for the X chromosome) indicate that major chromosomal imprinting effects do not occur during gametogenesis in this organism...

..Additionally, fox-1(Delta) impairs male mating efficiency, which, we propose, represents another function of fox-1, independent of xol-1 and its role in sex determination...

..The similarities must have arisen by convergent evolution. Studies of sex determination demonstrate that evolution can produce a variety of solutions to the same basic problems in development...

..This SMG-4:GFP fusion exhibits nuclear accumulation and diffuse cytoplasmic staining, and further localizes to what appear to be perinuclear and cytoplasmic punctate structures...

..We conclude that gon-4 is a regulator of the early lineage of Z1 and Z4 and suggest that it is a part of a genetic program common to the regulation of both hermaphrodite and male gonadogenesis...

..T-box genes related to brachyury have also been implicated in hindgut patterning, and our results support models for an evolutionarily ancient role for these genes in hindgut formation...

..DMT1 maps to the distal short arm of chromosome 9, a location implicated in human XY sex reversal. Proteins with DM domains may therefore also regulate sexual development in mammals...

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