Research Topics
Genomes and GenesSpecies | Julian P T HigginsSummaryAffiliation: University of Cambridge Country: UK Publications
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Detail Information
Publications
Meta-analysis of continuous outcome data from individual patientsJ P Higgins
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, University Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2SR, U K
Stat Med 20:2219-41. 2001..Relative merits of the three software packages for such meta-analyses are discussed, as are the assessment of model assumptions and extensions to incorporate more than two treatments...
Sequential methods for random-effects meta-analysisJulian P T Higgins
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, U K
Stat Med 30:903-21. 2011..We illustrate the method using an example in the treatment of bleeding peptic ulcers...- Commentary: Heterogeneity in meta-analysis should be expected and appropriately quantifiedJulian P T Higgins
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK
Int J Epidemiol 37:1158-60. 2008 - Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysisJulian P T Higgins
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2SR, UK
Stat Med 21:1539-58. 2002..One or both should be presented in published meta-analyses in preference to the test for heterogeneity... - Meta-analysis of skewed data: combining results reported on log-transformed or raw scalesJulian P T Higgins
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, UK
Stat Med 27:6072-92. 2008..An assumption can be made that the standard deviations in the two groups are equal. This increases precision of the estimates, but if incorrect can lead to very misleading results... - Imputation methods for missing outcome data in meta-analysis of clinical trialsJulian P T Higgins
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Robinson Way, Cambridge, UK
Clin Trials 5:225-39. 2008..An intention-to-treat analysis should take account of all randomized participants even if they have missing observations... - Measuring inconsistency in meta-analysesJulian P T Higgins
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Cambridge CB2 2SR
BMJ 327:557-60. 2003 - Controlling the risk of spurious findings from meta-regressionJulian P T Higgins
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2SR, U K
Stat Med 23:1663-82. 2004..The permutation test appropriately tempers the statistical significance of meta-regression findings. We recommend its use before a statistically significant relationship is claimed from a standard meta-regression analysis... - Allowing for uncertainty due to missing data in meta-analysis--part 2: hierarchical modelsIan R White
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, UK
Stat Med 27:728-45. 2008..By applying the method in three different data sets, we show that it is possible to appropriately capture the extra uncertainty due to missing data, and we discuss in what circumstances it is possible to learn about the IMOR... - How should meta-regression analyses be undertaken and interpreted?Simon G Thompson
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2SR, UK
Stat Med 21:1559-73. 2002..The examples considered in this paper show the tension between the scientific rationale for using meta-regression and the difficult interpretative problems to which such analyses are prone... - Allowing for uncertainty due to missing data in meta-analysis--part 1: two-stage methodsIan R White
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, UK
Stat Med 27:711-27. 2008..We illustrate the methods using a meta-analysis on psychiatric interventions in deliberate self-harm... - Treating individuals 4: can meta-analysis help target interventions at individuals most likely to benefit?Simon G Thompson
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Cambridge CB2 2 sR, UK
Lancet 365:341-6. 2005..Also, although meta-analyses generally summarise an intervention's effect as a relative risk reduction, the groups of patients with the greatest absolute risk reduction have the most to gain... - Bayesian synthesis of epidemiological evidence with different combinations of exposure groups: application to a gene-gene-environment interactionGeorgia Salanti
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, U K
Stat Med 25:4147-63. 2006..The methodology is implemented in an original meta-analysis of studies relating the risk of bladder cancer to two N-acetyltransferase genes, NAT1 and NAT2, and smoking status... - Online genetic databases informing human genome epidemiologyAngela J Frodsham
Public Health Genetics Unit, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
BMC Med Res Methodol 7:31. 2007..A first port of call for most such reviews is a search of MEDLINE. We examined whether this could be usefully supplemented by identifying databases on the World Wide Web that contain genetic epidemiological information... - Meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomized trials: a review of methods used in practiceMark C Simmonds
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Robinson Way, Cambridge, UK
Clin Trials 2:209-17. 2005..The impact of heterogeneity, or use of random effects, are seldom discussed. There is thus considerable scope for enhancing the methods of analysis and presentation of IPD meta-analysis... - Bayesian meta-analysis and meta-regression for gene-disease associations and deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibriumGeorgia Salanti
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, UK
Stat Med 26:553-67. 2007..The proposed hierarchical models allow the synthesis of data across gene-disease association studies with appropriate consideration of HWE issues... - Five glutathione s-transferase gene variants in 23,452 cases of lung cancer and 30,397 controls: meta-analysis of 130 studiesZheng Ye
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Site, Cambridge, United Kingdom
PLoS Med 3:e91. 2006..It has been suggested that polymorphisms in the GST genes are risk factors for lung cancer, but a large number of studies have reported apparently conflicting results... - Long-term interleukin-6 levels and subsequent risk of coronary heart disease: two new prospective studies and a systematic reviewJohn Danesh
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
PLoS Med 5:e78. 2008..We updated a systematic review to put the new findings in context... 
Challenges in the use of literature-based meta-analysis to examine gene-environment interactionsLuigi Palla
Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge University Hospital Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Am J Epidemiol 171:1225-32. 2010..This issue may ultimately only be resolvable by the de novo establishment of large single or multicenter cohorts using comparable methods...- Relative and absolute risk of colorectal cancer for individuals with a family history: a meta-analysisAdam S Butterworth
Public Health Genetics Unit, Cambridge Genetics Knowledge Park, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
Eur J Cancer 42:216-27. 2006..8 to 4.0) with at least one affected relative or 6.9% (95% CI 4.5 to 10.4) with two or more. Accurate absolute risk estimates show how cancer risks vary over time, particularly by pattern of family history and age of individual at-risk... - Tools for assessing quality and susceptibility to bias in observational studies in epidemiology: a systematic review and annotated bibliographySimon Sanderson
Primary Care Genetics, General Practice and Primary Care Research Unit, University of Cambridge and Public Health Genetics Unit, Strangeways Research Labs, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
Int J Epidemiol 36:666-76. 2007..Tools for assessing quality in clinical trials are well-described but much less attention has been given to similar tools for observational epidemiological studies... - The association between the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 (PPARG2) Pro12Ala gene variant and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a HuGE review and meta-analysisHebe N Gouda
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University ofCambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK
Am J Epidemiol 171:645-55. 2010..Work on PPARG Pro12Ala should now focus on the observed heterogeneity in the magnitude of the association between populations. Further investigations into gene-gene and gene-environment interactions may prove enlightening... - Obstacles and opportunities in meta-analysis of genetic association studiesGeorgia Salanti
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, UK
Genet Med 7:13-20. 2005..We believe that systematic review and meta-analysis has an important role to play in understanding genetic association studies and should help us to separate the wheat from the chaff... - A case study of multiple-treatments meta-analysis demonstrates that covariates should be consideredGeorgia Salanti
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, UK
J Clin Epidemiol 62:857-64. 2009.... - Estimating within-study covariances in multivariate meta-analysis with multiple outcomesYinghui Wei
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK
Stat Med 32:1191-205. 2013..An application to a meta-analysis of treatments for stroke illustrates the use of the approximated covariance in multivariate meta-analysis with correlated outcomes... - The impact of study size on meta-analyses: examination of underpowered studies in Cochrane reviewsRebecca M Turner
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom
PLoS ONE 8:e59202. 2013..We examine the distribution of power available in studies within meta-analyses published in Cochrane reviews, and investigate the impact of underpowered studies on meta-analysis results... - Non-invasive prenatal diagnostic test accuracy for fetal sex using cell-free DNA a review and meta-analysisCaroline F Wright
PHG Foundation, 2 Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
BMC Res Notes 5:476. 2012..We applied a sensitive search of multiple bibliographic databases including PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, the Cochrane library and Web of Science... - Characteristics of meta-analyses and their component studies in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews: a cross-sectional, descriptive analysisJonathan Davey
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, UK
BMC Med Res Methodol 11:160. 2011..The characteristics of these reviews and the meta-analyses and individual studies they contain provide insights into the nature of healthcare research and important context for the development of relevant statistical and other methods... - Being sceptical about meta-analyses: a Bayesian perspective on magnesium trials in myocardial infarctionJulian P T Higgins
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, UK
Int J Epidemiol 31:96-104. 2002.... - Array CGH in patients with learning disability (mental retardation) and congenital anomalies: updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 studies and 13,926 subjectsGurdeep S Sagoo
MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Genet Med 11:139-46. 2009..However, given that this technology also identifies false positives at a similar rate to causal variants, caution in clinical practice should be advised... - Meta-analyses involving cross-over trials: methodological issuesDiana R Elbourne
Medical Statistics Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
Int J Epidemiol 31:140-9. 2002..This paper concentrates on RCTs of a different design-two-period, two-treatment cross-over trials... - Meta-analysis in occupational epidemiology: a review of practiceDamien M McElvenny
Public and Environmental Health Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
Occup Med (Lond) 54:336-44. 2004..To describe past practice in meta-analyses found in occupational epidemiology, identifying the major issues that should be considered by researchers planning a meta-analysis in this setting... - Meta-analysis of genetic association studies under different inheritance models using data reported as merged genotypesGeorgia Salanti
Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
Stat Med 27:764-77. 2008.... - Seven haemostatic gene polymorphisms in coronary disease: meta-analysis of 66,155 cases and 91,307 controlsZheng Ye
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Site, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
Lancet 367:651-8. 2006.... - Assessment of cumulative evidence on genetic associations: interim guidelinesJohn P A Ioannidis
Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina 45110, Greece
Int J Epidemiol 37:120-32. 2008..Future empirical research and consensus development are needed to develop an integrated model for combining epidemiological and biological evidence in the rapidly evolving field of investigation of genetic factors... - Turning the pump handle: evolving methods for integrating the evidence on gene-disease associationJulian P T Higgins
Am J Epidemiol 166:863-6. 2007 - A road map for efficient and reliable human genome epidemiologyJohn P A Ioannidis
Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, and Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Ioannina 45110, Greece
Nat Genet 38:3-5. 2006..Systematic reviews will be expanded to include more meta-analyses of individual-level data and prospective meta-analyses. Field synopses will offer regularly updated overviews... - The emergence of networks in human genome epidemiology: challenges and opportunitiesDaniela Seminara
Epidemiology and Genetics Research Branch, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, EPN Bldg, Rm. 5142, MSC 7393, 6130 Executive Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Epidemiology 18:1-8. 2007 - Response to paper by Lang A, Edwards N, and Fleiszer ASally Green
Monash University, Australasian Cochrane Centre, Melbourne, Australia
J Clin Epidemiol 60:598-9. 2007 - Systematic review of controlled trials on the effectiveness of fluoride gels for the prevention of dental caries in childrenValeria C C Marinho
Systematic Reviews Training Unit, Institute of Child Health, London
J Dent Educ 67:448-58. 2003..2 D(M)FS/year, or an NNT of twenty-four (95 percent CI, 18 to 36) based on an increment of 0.2 D(M)FS/year. However, further work is needed to identify and quantify potential harmful effects of fluoride gels... - A network of investigator networks in human genome epidemiologyJohn P A Ioannidis
Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
Am J Epidemiol 162:302-4. 2005.... - Relative efficacy of differential methods of dietary advice: a systematic reviewRachel L Thompson
Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
Am J Clin Nutr 77:1052S-1057S. 2003..Dietary advice to lower blood cholesterol may be given by a variety of means. The relative efficacy of the different methods is unknown... - Evaluation of networks of randomized trialsGeorgia Salanti
Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Unit and Clinical Trials and Evidence Based Medicine Unit, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Greece
Stat Methods Med Res 17:279-301. 2008..Finally, we discuss the implications of inconsistency, network geometry and asymmetry in informing the planning of future trials... - Risks and benefits of omega 3 fats for mortality, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: systematic reviewLee Hooper
School of Medicine, Health Policy and Practice, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ
BMJ 332:752-60. 2006..To review systematically the evidence for an effect of long chain and shorter chain omega 3 fatty acids on total mortality, cardiovascular events, and cancer...