J W Fawcett

Summary

Affiliation: University of Cambridge
Country: UK

Publications

  1. ncbi Promoting plasticity in the spinal cord with chondroitinase improves functional recovery after peripheral nerve repair
    Clare M Galtrey
    Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Brain 130:926-39. 2007
  2. ncbi Defeating inhibition of regeneration by scar and myelin components
    James W Fawcett
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge, UK Electronic address
    Handb Clin Neurol 109:503-22. 2012
  3. ncbi Chondroitin sulfates in the developing rat hindbrain confine commissural projections of vestibular nuclear neurons
    Jessica C F Kwok
    Department of Biochemistry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
    Neural Dev 7:6. 2012
  4. ncbi Identification of unique reciprocal and non reciprocal cross packaging relationships between HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV reveals an efficient SIV/HIV-2 lentiviral vector system with highly favourable features for in vivo testing and clinical usage
    Padraig M Strappe
    Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
    Retrovirology 2:55. 2005
  5. ncbi Lentiviral vectors express chondroitinase ABC in cortical projections and promote sprouting of injured corticospinal axons
    Rong Rong Zhao
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
    J Neurosci Methods 201:228-38. 2011
  6. ncbi The role of local protein synthesis and degradation in axon regeneration
    Laura F Gumy
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK
    Exp Neurol 223:28-37. 2010
  7. ncbi Molecular control of brain plasticity and repair
    James Fawcett
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge, UK
    Prog Brain Res 175:501-9. 2009
  8. ncbi Overcoming inhibition in the damaged spinal cord
    James W Fawcett
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge, United Kingdom
    J Neurotrauma 23:371-83. 2006
  9. ncbi Bridging spinal cord injuries
    James W Fawcett
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
    J Biol 7:25. 2008
  10. ncbi The glial scar and central nervous system repair
    J W Fawcett
    Department of Physiology and MRC Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, UK
    Brain Res Bull 49:377-91. 1999

Detail Information

Publications82

  1. ncbi Promoting plasticity in the spinal cord with chondroitinase improves functional recovery after peripheral nerve repair
    Clare M Galtrey
    Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Brain 130:926-39. 2007
    ..There was no hyperalgesia. Enhanced plasticity in the spinal cord, therefore, allows the CNS to compensate for inaccurate motor and sensory re-innervation of the periphery, and may be a useful adjunct therapy to peripheral nerve repair...
  2. ncbi Defeating inhibition of regeneration by scar and myelin components
    James W Fawcett
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge, UK Electronic address
    Handb Clin Neurol 109:503-22. 2012
    ..Methods to counteract these forms of inhibition have been identified, and these treatments promote axon regeneration in the damaged spinal cord, and in some cases recovery of function through enhanced plasticity...
  3. ncbi Chondroitin sulfates in the developing rat hindbrain confine commissural projections of vestibular nuclear neurons
    Jessica C F Kwok
    Department of Biochemistry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
    Neural Dev 7:6. 2012
    ..We therefore exploited 24-hour cultures (1 day in vitro (DIV)) of the rat embryos and chondroitinase ABC treatment of the hindbrain matrix to reveal the role of CS moieties in axonal initiation and projection in the early hindbrain...
  4. ncbi Identification of unique reciprocal and non reciprocal cross packaging relationships between HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV reveals an efficient SIV/HIV-2 lentiviral vector system with highly favourable features for in vivo testing and clinical usage
    Padraig M Strappe
    Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
    Retrovirology 2:55. 2005
    ..Cross-packaged vectors expressing GFP were assessed for RNA packaging, viral vector titre and their ability to transduce rat primary glial cell cultures and human neural stem cells...
  5. ncbi Lentiviral vectors express chondroitinase ABC in cortical projections and promote sprouting of injured corticospinal axons
    Rong Rong Zhao
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
    J Neurosci Methods 201:228-38. 2011
    ..The same beneficial effects on damaged corticospinal axons were observed in animals which received the chondroitinase lentiviral vector directly into the vicinity of a spinal cord lesion...
  6. ncbi The role of local protein synthesis and degradation in axon regeneration
    Laura F Gumy
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK
    Exp Neurol 223:28-37. 2010
    ..A future challenge will be to understand how this complex network of processes interacts in order to find therapeutic ways of promoting the regeneration of CNS axons...
  7. ncbi Molecular control of brain plasticity and repair
    James Fawcett
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge, UK
    Prog Brain Res 175:501-9. 2009
    ..Plasticity-enhancing treatments may therefore open up a window of opportunity for successful rehabilitation...
  8. ncbi Overcoming inhibition in the damaged spinal cord
    James W Fawcett
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge, United Kingdom
    J Neurotrauma 23:371-83. 2006
    ..This is probably a more achievable therapeutic target than axon regeneration, and an effective treatment would be of assistance to the majority of patients with partial cord injuries...
  9. ncbi Bridging spinal cord injuries
    James W Fawcett
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
    J Biol 7:25. 2008
    ..One type integrates, suppresses scar formation and promotes axon regeneration, whereas another very similar type, reported in Journal of Biology, does not support regeneration and increases pain sensitivity...
  10. ncbi The glial scar and central nervous system repair
    J W Fawcett
    Department of Physiology and MRC Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, UK
    Brain Res Bull 49:377-91. 1999
    ....
  11. ncbi Astrocytic and neuronal factors affecting axon regeneration in the damaged central nervous system
    J W Fawcett
    Department of Physiology and MRC Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Cell Tissue Res 290:371-7. 1997
    ....
  12. ncbi Novel strategies for protection and repair of the central nervous system
    James W Fawcett
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge
    Clin Med 6:598-603. 2006
    ..As these treatments go through clinical trials and enter the clinic, the treatment of several neurological conditions will change greatly...
  13. ncbi Reduction in CNS scar formation without concomitant increase in axon regeneration following treatment of adult rat brain with a combination of antibodies to TGFbeta1 and beta2
    L D Moon
    Physiological Department, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
    Eur J Neurosci 14:1667-77. 2001
    ....
  14. ncbi The injury response of oligodendrocyte precursor cells is induced by platelets, macrophages and inflammation-associated cytokines
    K E Rhodes
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Neuroscience 140:87-100. 2006
    ..Oligodendrocyte precursor cell chemokines, and mitogens did not increase NG2 levels...
  15. ncbi Enhanced axonal regeneration following combined demyelination plus schwann cell transplantation therapy in the injured adult spinal cord
    H S Keirstead
    MRC Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 2PY, United Kingdom
    Exp Neurol 159:225-36. 1999
    ....
  16. ncbi Axon behaviour at Schwann cell - astrocyte boundaries: manipulation of axon signalling pathways and the neural adhesion molecule L1 can enable axons to cross
    Kathryn H Adcock
    Centre for Brain Repair and Department of Physiology, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Eur J Neurosci 20:1425-35. 2004
    ....
  17. ncbi Expression and glycanation of the NG2 proteoglycan in developing, adult, and damaged peripheral nerve
    Daniel A Morgenstern
    Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Mol Cell Neurosci 24:787-802. 2003
    ..Inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis made the cells more permissive. NG2 may play a part in blocking axon regeneration through scar tissue in injured human peripheral nerve...
  18. ncbi Matrix metalloproteases and their inhibitors are produced by overlapping populations of activated astrocytes
    E M Muir
    Department of Physiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
    Brain Res Mol Brain Res 100:103-17. 2002
    ..Conversely the MMPs produced may not be adequate to promote migration of cells and axons within the glial scar...
  19. ncbi Inhibiting cell proliferation during formation of the glial scar: effects on axon regeneration in the CNS
    K E Rhodes
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, E D Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Neuroscience 120:41-56. 2003
    ..Significantly more TH axons were seen distal to the lesion in araC-treated brains, but these numbers dwindled by 18 dpl...
  20. ncbi Inosine promotes recovery of skilled motor function in a model of focal brain injury
    Justin M Smith
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Brain 130:915-25. 2007
    ..This resulted in more rapid recovery in several tasks including skilled paw function, but by 28 days normally housed animals had caught up to the same level of improvement...
  21. ncbi Limited growth of severed CNS axons after treatment of adult rat brain with hyaluronidase
    Lawrence D F Moon
    Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
    J Neurosci Res 71:23-37. 2003
    ..Hyaluronan, chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronan-binding CSPGs therefore likely contribute toward the failure of spontaneous axon regeneration in the injured adult mammalian brain and spinal cord...
  22. ncbi Heparan sulphate proteoglycans in glia and in the normal and injured CNS: expression of sulphotransferases and changes in sulphation
    Francesca Properzi
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Eur J Neurosci 27:593-604. 2008
    ..Syndecan-1 was upregulated in astrocytes. The major injury-related change, seen in injured brain and cultured glia, was an increase in 2-O-sulphated HS and increased syndecan-1, suggesting novel approaches to modulating scar formation...
  23. ncbi How does chondroitinase promote functional recovery in the damaged CNS?
    Damaso Crespo
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 2PY, UK
    Exp Neurol 206:159-71. 2007
    ..The ability of chondroitinase to degrade hyaluronan is likely to result in greater matrix disruption than the degradation of chondroitin sulphate alone...
  24. ncbi Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes can be generated from NG2+ progenitors after acute brain injury: intracellular localization of oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 is associated with their fate choice
    Jing Wei Zhao
    Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Eur J Neurosci 29:1853-69. 2009
    ..We also observed Olig2(TL)GFAP(+) cells that appeared after injury and before the NG2(+)GFAP(+) phenotype. This suggests that not all astrocytes are derived from an NG2(+) population...
  25. ncbi Chondroitin sulfate: a key molecule in the brain matrix
    J C F Kwok
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, United Kingdom
    Int J Biochem Cell Biol 44:582-6. 2012
    ..In this review, we shall discuss the structure, the biosynthetic pathway, its functions in the nervous system and how we can improve regeneration in the nervous system by modulating its structure and binding properties...
  26. ncbi An inhibitor of neurite outgrowth produced by astrocytes
    L C Smith-Thomas
    Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, UK
    J Cell Sci 107:1687-95. 1994
    ..The neurite-promoting properties of the conditioned media therefore probably reflect a balance between promoting molecules and blockers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)..
  27. ncbi Chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans: preventing plasticity or protecting the CNS?
    K E Rhodes
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, UK
    J Anat 204:33-48. 2004
    ..Clearly many questions concerning the mechanisms regulating expression of extracellular matrix molecules in CNS pathology remain to be answered...
  28. ncbi Axonal mRNAs: characterisation and role in the growth and regeneration of dorsal root ganglion axons and growth cones
    Christina F Vogelaar
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
    Mol Cell Neurosci 42:102-15. 2009
    ..Knock down of beta-actin mRNA by RNAi inhibited the regeneration of new axon growth cones after in vitro axotomy, indicating that local translation of actin-related molecules is important for successful axon regeneration...
  29. ncbi Distribution and synthesis of extracellular matrix proteoglycans, hyaluronan, link proteins and tenascin-R in the rat spinal cord
    Clare M Galtrey
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 2PY, UK
    Eur J Neurosci 27:1373-90. 2008
    ..During postnatal development the expression of link protein and aggrecan mRNA is up-regulated at the time of PNN formation, and these molecules may therefore trigger their formation...
  30. ncbi Composition of perineuronal nets in the adult rat cerebellum and the cellular origin of their components
    Daniela Carulli
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2PY, United Kingdom
    J Comp Neurol 494:559-77. 2006
    ..We therefore propose that HASs, which can retain HA on the cell surface, may act as a link between PNNs and neurons. Thus, HAS and link proteins might be key molecules for PNN formation and stability...
  31. ncbi The effects of corticosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone on neurotrophic factor mRNA expression in primary hippocampal and astrocyte cultures
    E M Gubba
    Department of Anatomy, and Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
    Brain Res Mol Brain Res 127:48-59. 2004
    ....
  32. ncbi Relationship between sprouting axons, proteoglycans and glial cells following unilateral nigrostriatal axotomy in the adult rat
    L D F Moon
    Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
    Neuroscience 109:101-17. 2002
    ..We conclude that sprouting of cut dopaminergic nigral axons may be supported by heparan sulphate proteoglycans but restricted by chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans and keratan sulphate proteoglycans...
  33. ncbi Improving RPE adhesion to Bruch's membrane
    F T Afshari
    Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Eye (Lond) 23:1890-3. 2009
    ..This work also aims at elucidating a potential mechanism by which accumulating inhibitory molecules in the Bruch's membrane in the pathological state, interferes with integrin function...
  34. ncbi The astrocyte/meningeal cell interface--a barrier to successful nerve regeneration?
    M C Shearer
    Department of Physiology, University of Cambridge, England
    Cell Tissue Res 305:267-73. 2001
    ..The distribution of cell surface and matrix molecules on these cultures is described, and the effect of various pharmacological interventions which can affect axon growth between the two cell types is summarised in this review...
  35. ncbi Recording with microchannel electrodes in a noisy environment
    James J Fitzgerald
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2PY, UK
    Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2008:34-7. 2008
    ..At high noise levels designed to replicate the effects of intense muscular activity, a combination of both these techniques is required, and only signals in larger axons can be recovered...
  36. ncbi Versican is upregulated in CNS injury and is a product of oligodendrocyte lineage cells
    Richard A Asher
    Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
    J Neurosci 22:2225-36. 2002
    ..Because large numbers of OLCs are recruited to CNS lesions, these results suggest that OLC-derived versican contributes to the inhospitable environment of the injured CNS...
  37. ncbi A potential role for bone morphogenetic protein signalling in glial cell fate determination following adult central nervous system injury in vivo
    David W Hampton
    ICORD, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    Eur J Neurosci 26:3024-35. 2007
    ..This potential conversion of inhibitory OPCs to type 2 astrocyte-like cells in vivo suggests that endogenous BMPs, unmasked by noggin antagonism, might be exploited to manipulate cell fate following CNS trauma...
  38. ncbi Microchannel electrodes for recording and stimulation: in vitro evaluation
    James J Fitzgerald
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 56:1524-34. 2009
    ....
  39. ncbi Microchannels as axonal amplifiers
    James J Fitzgerald
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, E D Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 55:1136-46. 2008
    ..A microchannel architecture seems well suited to the requirements of a peripheral nerve interface...
  40. ncbi Chondroitinase ABC has a long-lasting effect on chondroitin sulphate glycosaminoglycan content in the injured rat brain
    Rachel Lin
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    J Neurochem 104:400-8. 2008
    ..Our results suggest that a single injection of chABC can produce an environment conducive to CNS repair for over 10 days...
  41. ncbi An experimental model of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis that shows regional variation in gliosis, remyelination, axonal and neuronal loss
    David W Hampton
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, ED Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 2PY UK
    J Neuroimmunol 201:200-11. 2008
    ..Together with the clinical pattern, our findings identify chronic EAE as an excellent model of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis...
  42. ncbi Proteoglycans in the central nervous system: plasticity, regeneration and their stimulation with chondroitinase ABC
    Jessica C F Kwok
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Restor Neurol Neurosci 26:131-45. 2008
    ....
  43. ncbi Role of extracellular factors in axon regeneration in the CNS: implications for therapy
    Noreen M Gervasi
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, ED Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB22PY, UK
    Regen Med 3:907-23. 2008
    ..Promising results have been obtained in animal models, and some therapies are undergoing clinical trials. This offers great hope for achievement of functional recovery after CNS injury...
  44. ncbi Chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans in the CNS injury response
    Daniel A Morgenstern
    Physiological Laboratory, Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge University, E.D. Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Prog Brain Res 137:313-32. 2002
    ..CSPGs represent a significant source of inhibition within the injured CNS; these studies indicate that successful CNS regeneration may be brought about by interventions which target these molecules and/or the cells which produce them...
  45. ncbi A herpesvirus vector can transduce axotomized brain neurons
    John H Rogers
    Department of Physiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Exp Neurol 183:548-58. 2003
    ..These results show that an HSV vector is capable of transducing axotomized cells in the central nervous system and producing transgene expression in them for at least 2 weeks after injection...
  46. ncbi Extrinsic and intrinsic factors controlling axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury
    Fardad T Afshari
    Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Expert Rev Mol Med 11:e37. 2009
    ..Here, we discuss some of the important key molecules that could be harnessed for repairing spinal cord injury...
  47. ncbi Axonal protein synthesis and degradation are necessary for efficient growth cone regeneration
    Poonam Verma
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge CB2 2PY, United Kingdom
    J Neurosci 25:331-42. 2005
    ..Collectively, these findings suggest that local protein synthesis and degradation, controlled by various TOR-, p38 MAPK-, and caspase-dependent pathways, underlie growth cone initiation after axotomy...
  48. ncbi Animals lacking link protein have attenuated perineuronal nets and persistent plasticity
    Daniela Carulli
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0PY, UK
    Brain 133:2331-47. 2010
    ..The organization of chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan into perineuronal nets is therefore the key event in the control of central nervous system plasticity by the extracellular matrix...
  49. ncbi Two separate metalloproteinase activities are responsible for the shedding and processing of the NG2 proteoglycan in vitro
    Richard A Asher
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 2PY, UK
    Mol Cell Neurosci 29:82-96. 2005
    ..Ectodomain shedding converts NG2 into a diffusible entity able to interact with the growth cone, and we suggest that this release is likely to enhance its axon growth-inhibitory activity...
  50. ncbi The role of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in regeneration and plasticity in the central nervous system
    Clare M Galtrey
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 2PY, UK
    Brain Res Rev 54:1-18. 2007
    ..Several possible methods of manipulating CSPGs in the CNS have recently been identified. The development of methods to remove CSPGs has considerable therapeutic potential in a number of CNS disorders...
  51. ncbi Regulation of RPTPbeta/phosphacan expression and glycosaminoglycan epitopes in injured brain and cytokine-treated glia
    Alexandre Dobbertin
    Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB2 3EG Cambridge, and Centre for Brain Repair, Forvie Site, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Mol Cell Neurosci 24:951-71. 2003
    ..These results demonstrate complex injury-induced modifications in phosphacan expression and glycanation that may well influence axonal regeneration and repair processes in the damaged CNS...
  52. ncbi N-cadherin influences migration of oligodendrocytes on astrocyte monolayers
    O Schnädelbach
    Physiological Laboratory, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
    Mol Cell Neurosci 15:288-302. 2000
    ....
  53. ncbi Regeneration in the mammalian optic nerve
    S Chierzi
    Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
    Restor Neurol Neurosci 19:109-18. 2001
    ..This review, focused on experiments performed in the mammalian optic nerve, traces attempts made to overcome each of these three obstacles, and maps progress towards a combined therapeutic strategy...
  54. ncbi Astrocyte-produced ephrins inhibit schwann cell migration via VAV2 signaling
    Fardad T Afshari
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, United Kingdom
    J Neurosci 30:4246-55. 2010
    ..Overall, we suggest that Eph/ephrin interactions inhibit Schwann cell migration and intermingling with astrocytes via VAV signaling affecting integrin function...
  55. ncbi Spinal cord repair: bridging the divide
    Poonam Verma
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
    Neurorehabil Neural Repair 22:429-37. 2008
    ..These, used in combination with supportive care and rehabilitation strategies, may help patients to achieve significant long-term recovery...
  56. ncbi The ability of axons to regenerate their growth cones depends on axonal type and age, and is regulated by calcium, cAMP and ERK
    Sabrina Chierzi
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Eur J Neurosci 21:2051-62. 2005
    ..Understanding the cellular mechanisms activated at the time of lesion and leading to the formation of a new growth cone is necessary for devising treatments aimed at enhancing the regenerative response of injured axons...
  57. ncbi Chondroitinase ABC treatment opens a window of opportunity for task-specific rehabilitation
    Guillermo Garcia-Alias
    Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Nat Neurosci 12:1145-51. 2009
    ..Our results indicate that chondroitinase treatment opens a window during which rehabilitation can promote recovery. However, only the trained skills are improved and other functions may be negatively affected...
  58. ncbi Upregulation of aggrecan, link protein 1, and hyaluronan synthases during formation of perineuronal nets in the rat cerebellum
    Daniela Carulli
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    J Comp Neurol 501:83-94. 2007
    ..These data suggest that aggrecan, HA, and, particularly, Crtll might be crucial elements for the initial assembly of PNNs...
  59. ncbi Therapeutic time window for the application of chondroitinase ABC after spinal cord injury
    Guillermo Garcia-Alias
    Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
    Exp Neurol 210:331-8. 2008
    ..The area of chondroitinase ABC digestion visualized by stub antibody staining included widespread digestion around the lateral ventricles and partial digestion of cervical spinal cord white matter, but not grey matter...
  60. ncbi Guidelines for the conduct of clinical trials for spinal cord injury as developed by the ICCP panel: spontaneous recovery after spinal cord injury and statistical power needed for therapeutic clinical trials
    J W Fawcett
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Robinson Way, Cambridge, UK
    Spinal Cord 45:190-205. 2007
    ..Trials involving motor incomplete SCI patients, or trials where an accurate assessment of AIS grade cannot be made before the start of the trial, will require large subject numbers and/or better objective assessment methods...
  61. ncbi Alpha9 integrin promotes neurite outgrowth on tenascin-C and enhances sensory axon regeneration
    Melissa R Andrews
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2PY, United Kingdom
    J Neurosci 29:5546-57. 2009
    ....
  62. ncbi In vitro modeling of perineuronal nets: hyaluronan synthase and link protein are necessary for their formation and integrity
    Jessica C F Kwok
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    J Neurochem 114:1447-59. 2010
    ..Cells lacking any one of these molecules showed impaired integrity of the PNNs. Cells expressing HAS3 and Crtl1 were able to incorporate exogenous aggrecan into their pericellular matrix...
  63. ncbi Rab11 and its effector Rab coupling protein contribute to the trafficking of beta 1 integrins during axon growth in adult dorsal root ganglion neurons and PC12 cells
    Richard Eva
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
    J Neurosci 30:11654-69. 2010
    ..Our data suggest that manipulation of trafficking via Rab11 and RCP could be a useful strategy for promoting integrin-dependent axonal regeneration...
  64. ncbi Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in neural development and regeneration
    Daniela Carulli
    Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Curr Opin Neurobiol 15:116-20. 2005
    ....
  65. ncbi Characterization of tests of functional recovery after median and ulnar nerve injury and repair in the rat forelimb
    Clare M Galtrey
    Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
    J Peripher Nerv Syst 12:11-27. 2007
    ..The lesion model and functional tests that we have developed will be useful in testing therapeutic strategies for treating the consequences of inaccurate axon regeneration following peripheral nerve injury in humans...
  66. ncbi Delivery of a lentiviral vector in a Pluronic F127 gel to cells of the central nervous system
    Padraig M Strappe
    Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
    Eur J Pharm Biopharm 61:126-33. 2005
    ..Pluronic F127 gel delivery of viral vectors to the CNS may provide a platform for localised release particularly in areas of brain or spinal cord injury...
  67. ncbi Schwann cell migration is integrin-dependent and inhibited by astrocyte-produced aggrecan
    Fardad T Afshari
    Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge University Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, United Kingdom
    Glia 58:857-69. 2010
    ..We further show aggrecan mediates its effect by disruption of integrin function in Schwann cells, and that the inhibitory effects of aggrecan can overcome by activation of Schwann cell integrins...
  68. ncbi Integrin activation or alpha 9 expression allows retinal pigmented epithelial cell adhesion on Bruch's membrane in wet age-related macular degeneration
    Fardad T Afshari
    Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
    Brain 133:448-64. 2010
    ....
  69. ncbi Subcellular profiling reveals distinct and developmentally regulated repertoire of growth cone mRNAs
    Krishna H Zivraj
    Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
    J Neurosci 30:15464-78. 2010
    ....
  70. ncbi The astrocyte/meningeal cell interface is a barrier to neurite outgrowth which can be overcome by manipulation of inhibitory molecules or axonal signalling pathways
    Morven C Shearer
    Department of Physiology and Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, England, UK
    Mol Cell Neurosci 24:913-25. 2003
    ..Increasing cAMP levels and inactivation of rho were both effective when the cultures were fixed in paraformaldehyde, demonstrating that their effect is on axons and not via effects on the glial cells...
  71. ncbi Spinally upregulated noggin suppresses axonal and dendritic plasticity following dorsal rhizotomy
    David W Hampton
    ICORD, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
    Exp Neurol 204:366-79. 2007
    ..These results suggest a novel mechanism by which endogenous plasticity of spared axons is suppressed following dorsal rhizotomy, and which might be exploited to improve the outcome of spinal cord injury and other CNS trauma...
  72. ncbi Building a bridge: engineering spinal cord repair
    Herbert M Geller
    Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
    Exp Neurol 174:125-36. 2002
    ..Each of these regions has specific design requirements, which, if met, can promote regeneration of axons in the injured spinal cord. These requirements, and proposed solutions, are discussed...
  73. ncbi Reactivation of ocular dominance plasticity in the adult visual cortex
    Tommaso Pizzorusso
    Scuola Normale Superiore, 56100 Pisa, Italy
    Science 298:1248-51. 2002
    ..The mature ECM is thus inhibitory for experience-dependent plasticity, and degradation of CSPGs reactivates cortical plasticity...
  74. ncbi Proteoglycans and brain repair
    Francesca Properzi
    Brain Repair Centre, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 2PY, United Kingdom
    News Physiol Sci 19:33-8. 2004
    ..After a central nervous system injury, their expression in the lesion area changes strongly and contributes to the inhibition of axon regrowth and brain repair...
  75. ncbi Chondroitin 6-sulphate synthesis is up-regulated in injured CNS, induced by injury-related cytokines and enhanced in axon-growth inhibitory glia
    Francesca Properzi
    Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge University, Forvie Site, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Eur J Neurosci 21:378-90. 2005
    ..These results suggest that the up-regulation of CSPG after CNS injury is associated with a specific sulphation pattern on CS-GAGs, mediating the inhibitory properties of proteoglycans on axonal regeneration...
  76. ncbi Inhibiting glycosaminoglycan chain polymerization decreases the inhibitory activity of astrocyte-derived chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans
    Tracy L Laabs
    Developmental Neurobiology Section, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
    J Neurosci 27:14494-501. 2007
    ..These data indicate that targeting the biosynthesis of CSPG GAG is a potentially new therapeutic avenue for decreasing CSPG GAG produced by astrocytes after CNS injury...
  77. ncbi Can experiments in nonhuman primates expedite the translation of treatments for spinal cord injury in humans?
    Gregoire Courtine
    Department of Physiological Science and Neurobiology, and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
    Nat Med 13:561-6. 2007
  78. ncbi Chondroitinase ABC promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury
    Elizabeth J Bradbury
    Sensory Function Group, Centre for Neuroscience Research, Hodgkin Building, Kings College London, Guy s Campus, London Bridge, London SE1 1UL, UK
    Nature 416:636-40. 2002
    ..Our results demonstrate that CSPGs are important inhibitory molecules in vivo and suggest that their manipulation will be useful for treatment of human spinal injuries...
  79. ncbi Composition of perineuronal net extracellular matrix in rat brain: a different disaccharide composition for the net-associated proteoglycans
    Sarama Sathyaseelan Deepa
    Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge University, Forvie Site, Cambridge CB2 2PY, United Kingdom
    J Biol Chem 281:17789-800. 2006
    ..A comparison of the brain and spinal cord ECM with respect to CSPGs indicated that the PNNs in both parts of the CNS have the same composition...
  80. ncbi The glial response to injury and its role in the inhibition of CNS repair
    James W Fawcett
    Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge University, UK
    Adv Exp Med Biol 557:11-24. 2006
  81. ncbi Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and microglia prevent migration and integration of grafted Müller stem cells into degenerating retina
    Shweta Singhal
    Institute of Ophthalmology and Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
    Stem Cells 26:1074-82. 2008
    ....
  82. ncbi Transplantation of Schwann cell line clones secreting GDNF or BDNF into the retinas of dystrophic Royal College of Surgeons rats
    Jean M Lawrence
    Department of Pathology, Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
    Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 45:267-74. 2004
    ....