Colin Espie

..Common pathways for the action of cognitive-behavioral interventions are identified, and a research agenda is set for further conceptual and clinical study...

..As with the original paper, this review was conducted by a task force commissioned by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine in order to update its practice parameters on psychological and behavioral therapies for insomnia...

..This study investigates the clinical effectiveness and the feasibility of applying cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) methods for insomnia in primary care...

..Sleep diaries completed by caregivers reveal lengthy sleep period times, especially among those with profound mental retardation. Possible explanations for these results and their implications were discussed...

..These may be applied concurrently with somatic measurements in future studies to better understand this common psycho-physiologic condition...

..Further research is required to explore the cortical correlates of attention bias, investigate AIE as a potential causal mechanism of insomnia and examine AIE in other insomnia groups...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effectiveness of protocol-driven cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for insomnia, delivered by oncology nurses...

..A summary of both selected and excluded studies is presented and methodological limitations discussed. Recommendations for appropriate methodology for investigation of QOL issues in children and adolescents are given...

..The aims of this study, therefore, were to identify reliable, epilepsy-specific predictors of psychiatric and behavioural disorder in these patients, and to investigate reliable predictors of carer stress...

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..That is, it needs to become "scalable". This will require a robust approach to clinical governance...

..Inter-ictal cognitive function appears to be mediated by a combination of organic, circadian (sleep wake), clinical and pharmacological factors...

..To develop a measure for use with adults with epilepsy and mental retardation, capable of assessing both clinical and care concerns and of quantifying treatment outcomes...

..Hypnotic using patients responded equally well to CBT, and demographic factors were of no significant predictive value. It is concluded that CBT is clinically and durably effective for persistent insomnia in routine practice...

..Results suggest that CBT administered by Health Visitors offers a clinically effective treatment for insomnia...

..The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of two existing attributional scales...

..The results also suggest that there may be an element of sleep preoccupation associated with DSPS. Results are discussed with reference to other experiments on attentional processing in insomnia...

..Further work must determine whether or not attention bias is a causal factor. Speeded responses in the PI group suggest heightened arousal, indicating that physiologic factors may play a related role...

..Suggestions for future research are provided and limitations of the current study discussed...

..The goal of the work described here was to develop and validate a measure of the impact of epilepsy on an adolescent's quality of life that is based on direct exploration of the adolescent's views...

..Suggestions are made in relation to improving the quality of future research, and how to further shed light on the impact of insomnia - and treatment thereof - on both HRQoL and global quality of life...

..To conduct the first qualitative analysis of the development and impact of insomnia on a cohort of cancer survivors...

..Important novel data were generated on the proximal and distal impact of insomnia, indicating that chronically disturbed sleep can seriously limit overall QoL...

..However, there is sufficient evidence to justify larger-scale, appropriately controlled studies. A number of recommendations are made regarding future research...

..No significant age-related differences in issues were identified. A conceptual model representing these findings is presented and clinical implications and suggestions for future research are reported...

..A possible bias in moderate sleepers was also revealed. It is suggested that attentional bias has a role in the perpetuation and possibly precipitation of primary insomnia...

..Insomnia associated with mental disorder may respond to psychological intervention. Factors specifically discriminating insomniacs from good sleepers require further investigation...

..The clinical and research value of the new scale is discussed and future research directions are described...

..No significant age-related differences were found. A conceptual model illustrates these findings, and comparisons are made to previous research with adolescents using similar methodology...

..These results support the tenet of conditioned mental arousal to the bedroom, although competing explanations cannot be ruled out. Results are discussed with reference to extant insomnia models...

..The Carer Supplement was also reliable (r=0.98; alpha=0.88), correlating with the GDS-LD (r=0.93). CONCLUSIONS: Both scales appear useful for screening, monitoring progress and contributing to outcome appraisal...

..The GCTI demonstrated good test- retest reliability (ICC = .88) and internal consistency (alpha = .87). CONCLUSIONS: The GCTI appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for use with patients with sleep-onset insomnia...

..Results suggest that secondary, sleep-related mental preoccupation may inhibit recovery to normal sleep after stress-related acute sleep disturbance. Findings are discussed in relation to current models of insomnia...

..There are methodological limitations to this type of post hoc analysis, nevertheless, these results being derived from a large patient outcome series raise important issues both for research and clinical practice...

..The review draws both on the literature in these areas and the extensive clinical experience of the authors...

..This study supports the use of measures that capture specific components of attention rather than global measures of attention, and highlights the importance of assessing and treating sleep problems in brain injury rehabilitation...

..Test-retest reliability is good. Face, concurrent, construct and discriminant validity, scale sensitivity and specificity are all acceptable. Further research with larger primary insomnia and normal sleeper samples is now required...

..Further rigorous evaluation, using standardised and replicable methodologies, is required. The range of symptoms presented in NES suggests that a multi-method approach may be required. This too would require evaluation...

..The results suggest that there is a need to further examine the relationship between sleep problems and co-morbid health problems, which would inform the development of interventions, and trials of their efficacy...

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..This report outlines the WG's findings, the insomnia RDC derived, and research assessment procedures the WG recommends for identifying study participants who meet these RDC...

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