Ken Donaldson

Summary

Affiliation: University of Edinburgh
Country: UK

Publications

  1. ncbi Nacystelyn inhibits oxidant-mediated interleukin-8 expression and NF-kappaB nuclear binding in alveolar epithelial cells
    Frank Antonicelli
    Department of Medical and Radiological Sciences, Respiratory Medicine Unit, ELEGI/Colt Research Laboratories, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
    Free Radic Biol Med 32:492-502. 2002
  2. ncbi Use of silver nanowires to determine thresholds for fibre length-dependent pulmonary inflammation and inhibition of macrophage migration in vitro
    Anja Schinwald
    MRC University of Edinburgh, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
    Part Fibre Toxicol 9:47. 2012
  3. ncbi Use of back-scatter electron signals to visualise cell/nanowires interactions in vitro and in vivo; frustrated phagocytosis of long fibres in macrophages and compartmentalisation in mesothelial cells in vivo
    Anja Schinwald
    Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen s Medical Research Institute, MRC University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
    Part Fibre Toxicol 9:34. 2012
  4. ncbi A short history of the toxicology of inhaled particles
    Ken Donaldson
    MRC University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Queen s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
    Part Fibre Toxicol 9:13. 2012
  5. ncbi Inhaled nanoparticles and lung cancer - what we can learn from conventional particle toxicology
    Ken Donaldson
    Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Swiss Med Wkly 142:w13547. 2012
  6. ncbi NiO and Co3O4 nanoparticles induce lung DTH-like responses and alveolar lipoproteinosis
    W S Cho
    ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
    Eur Respir J 39:546-57. 2012
  7. ncbi The effect of refurbishing a UK steel plant on PM10 metal composition and ability to induce inflammation
    Gary R Hutchison
    Biomedicine Research Group, Napier University, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, UK
    Respir Res 6:43. 2005
  8. ncbi Expert elicitation on ultrafine particles: likelihood of health effects and causal pathways
    Anne B Knol
    Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
    Part Fibre Toxicol 6:19. 2009
  9. ncbi Impaired vascular function after exposure to diesel exhaust generated at urban transient running conditions
    Stefan Barath
    Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Sweden
    Part Fibre Toxicol 7:19. 2010
  10. ncbi Experimental exposure to diesel exhaust increases arterial stiffness in man
    Magnus Lundback
    Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, University Hospital, Umea, Sweden
    Part Fibre Toxicol 6:7. 2009

Detail Information

Publications108 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Nacystelyn inhibits oxidant-mediated interleukin-8 expression and NF-kappaB nuclear binding in alveolar epithelial cells
    Frank Antonicelli
    Department of Medical and Radiological Sciences, Respiratory Medicine Unit, ELEGI/Colt Research Laboratories, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
    Free Radic Biol Med 32:492-502. 2002
    ..These data indicate that NAL may be used to modulate pro-inflammatory process by inhibiting cytokine release in the lungs and thus has therapeutic potential in inflammatory lung diseases...
  2. ncbi Use of silver nanowires to determine thresholds for fibre length-dependent pulmonary inflammation and inhibition of macrophage migration in vitro
    Anja Schinwald
    MRC University of Edinburgh, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
    Part Fibre Toxicol 9:47. 2012
    ..We hypothesised that exposure to longer fibres causes both increased inflammation and restricted mobility leading to impaired clearance of long fibres from the lower respiratory tract to the mucociliary escalator in vivo...
  3. ncbi Use of back-scatter electron signals to visualise cell/nanowires interactions in vitro and in vivo; frustrated phagocytosis of long fibres in macrophages and compartmentalisation in mesothelial cells in vivo
    Anja Schinwald
    Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen s Medical Research Institute, MRC University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
    Part Fibre Toxicol 9:34. 2012
    ..abstract:..
  4. ncbi A short history of the toxicology of inhaled particles
    Ken Donaldson
    MRC University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Queen s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
    Part Fibre Toxicol 9:13. 2012
    ..We are currently in the era of nanotoxicology where a large and diverse range of new nanoparticles types are under scrutiny...
  5. ncbi Inhaled nanoparticles and lung cancer - what we can learn from conventional particle toxicology
    Ken Donaldson
    Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Swiss Med Wkly 142:w13547. 2012
    ....
  6. ncbi NiO and Co3O4 nanoparticles induce lung DTH-like responses and alveolar lipoproteinosis
    W S Cho
    ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
    Eur Respir J 39:546-57. 2012
    ..These findings have implications for the risk management of occupational NP exposure and provide evidence that haptenic metal oxide NPs can induce chronic progressive lung immune responses via a DTH-like mechanism...
  7. ncbi The effect of refurbishing a UK steel plant on PM10 metal composition and ability to induce inflammation
    Gary R Hutchison
    Biomedicine Research Group, Napier University, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, UK
    Respir Res 6:43. 2005
    ..This study investigates the impact of the closure on the chemical composition and biological activity of PM10 collected in the vicinity of the steel plant...
  8. ncbi Expert elicitation on ultrafine particles: likelihood of health effects and causal pathways
    Anne B Knol
    Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
    Part Fibre Toxicol 6:19. 2009
    ..abstract:..
  9. ncbi Impaired vascular function after exposure to diesel exhaust generated at urban transient running conditions
    Stefan Barath
    Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Sweden
    Part Fibre Toxicol 7:19. 2010
    ..Controlled human exposure studies have demonstrated impaired vascular function after inhalation of exhaust generated by a diesel engine under idling conditions...
  10. ncbi Experimental exposure to diesel exhaust increases arterial stiffness in man
    Magnus Lundback
    Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, University Hospital, Umea, Sweden
    Part Fibre Toxicol 6:7. 2009
    ..abstract:..
  11. ncbi Resolving the nanoparticles paradox
    Ken Donaldson
    ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Queen s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
    Nanomedicine (Lond) 1:229-34. 2006
    ....
  12. ncbi Asbestos, carbon nanotubes and the pleural mesothelium: a review of the hypothesis regarding the role of long fibre retention in the parietal pleura, inflammation and mesothelioma
    Ken Donaldson
    University of Edinburgh, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH164TJ, UK
    Part Fibre Toxicol 7:5. 2010
    ....
  13. ncbi Concordance between in vitro and in vivo dosimetry in the proinflammatory effects of low-toxicity, low-solubility particles: the key role of the proximal alveolar region
    K Donaldson
    MRC University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Queen s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
    Inhal Toxicol 20:53-62. 2008
    ..These studies also open the way for future in vitro approaches to studying proinflammatory effects of a range of toxic particles based on sound dosimetry that complements animal use in particle toxicology...
  14. ncbi The inhalation toxicology of p-aramid fibrils
    Ken Donaldson
    Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Crit Rev Toxicol 39:487-500. 2009
    ..Subsequently the p-aramid hazard is low, and this is confirmed in animal studies. The mechanism of shortening of p-aramid fibrils is not well-understood, but may involve the action of macrophages on the fibrils following phagocytosis...
  15. ncbi An introduction to the short-term toxicology of respirable industrial fibres
    Ken Donaldson
    ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Wilkie Building, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, EH9 8AG, UK
    Mutat Res 553:5-9. 2004
    ..The biopersistence of fibres is therefore a key factor that needs to be known in order to interpret short-term tests that may claim to predict fibre pathogenicity...
  16. ncbi Identifying the pulmonary hazard of high aspect ratio nanoparticles to enable their safety-by-design
    Ken Donaldson
    MRC University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Queen s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
    Nanomedicine (Lond) 6:143-56. 2011
    ..It is likely that HARNs will in general conform to the paradigm and such an understanding of the features that make fibers pathogenic should enable us to design safer HARNs...
  17. ncbi Oxidative stress and calcium signaling in the adverse effects of environmental particles (PM10)
    Ken Donaldson
    Colt ELEGI Laboratories, Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
    Free Radic Biol Med 34:1369-82. 2003
    ..Oxidative stress from particles is also likely to play an important role in the carcinogenic effects associated with PM(10) and hydroxyl radicals from PM(10) cause DNA damage in vitro...
  18. ncbi Carbon nanotubes: a review of their properties in relation to pulmonary toxicology and workplace safety
    Ken Donaldson
    MRC University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Queen s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
    Toxicol Sci 92:5-22. 2006
    ..CNT represent a group of particles that are growing in production and use, and therefore, research into their toxicology and safe use is warranted...
  19. ncbi Possible genotoxic mechanisms of nanoparticles: criteria for improved test strategies
    Ken Donaldson
    ELEGI Colt Laboratory, MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
    Nanotoxicology 4:414-20. 2010
    ..In this context we describe the role of the dispersion and the protein corona, the most relevant metric, choice of controls and new endpoints for genotoxicity along with the need for a structure activity model of NP genotoxicity...
  20. ncbi Current hypotheses on the mechanisms of toxicity of ultrafine particles
    Ken Donaldson
    ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Scotland
    Ann Ist Super Sanita 39:405-10. 2003
    ..Effects of PM10 are seen on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, as well as on the lung. Although the role of ultrafine particles in these effects are not well understood there are plausible pathways that remain to be explored...
  21. ncbi Role of inflammation in cardiopulmonary health effects of PM
    Ken Donaldson
    ELEGI Colt Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH9 8AG, Scotland, UK
    Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 207:483-8. 2005
    ..Thirdly, inflammation could affect the autonomic nervous system activity in ways that could lead to alterations in the control of heart rhythm which could culminate in fatal dysrhythmia...
  22. ncbi The limits of testing particle-mediated oxidative stress in vitro in predicting diverse pathologies; relevance for testing of nanoparticles
    Ken Donaldson
    MRC University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Queen s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
    Part Fibre Toxicol 6:13. 2009
    ..We discuss the likely explanation and implications of this apparent paradox, and its relevance for testing in nanotoxicology...
  23. ncbi Adverse cardiovascular effects of air pollution
    Nicholas L Mills
    Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, UK
    Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 6:36-44. 2009
    ..An increased understanding of the mediators and mechanisms of these processes is necessary if we are to develop strategies to protect individuals at risk and reduce the effect of air pollution on cardiovascular disease...
  24. ncbi Progressive severe lung injury by zinc oxide nanoparticles; the role of Zn2+ dissolution inside lysosomes
    Wan Seob Cho
    ELEGI Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
    Part Fibre Toxicol 8:27. 2011
    ..Herein, we further investigated the pathological changes induced by ZnONP and their possible mechanism of action...
  25. ncbi Metal oxide nanoparticles induce unique inflammatory footprints in the lung: important implications for nanoparticle testing
    Wan Seob Cho
    ELEGI The Edinburgh Lung and the Environment Group Initiative, Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Environ Health Perspect 118:1699-706. 2010
    ..Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in industry, cosmetics, and biomedicine...
  26. ncbi Regulation of LPS-mediated inflammation in vivo and in vitro by the thiol antioxidant Nacystelyn
    Frank Antonicelli
    Edinburgh Lung and Environment Group Initiative/Colt Research Laboratories, Department of Medical and Radiological Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
    Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 286:L1319-27. 2004
    ....
  27. ncbi Zeta potential and solubility to toxic ions as mechanisms of lung inflammation caused by metal/metal oxide nanoparticles
    Wan Seob Cho
    ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
    Toxicol Sci 126:469-77. 2012
    ..These two parameters may have utility in preliminary assessment of the potential lung inflammation hazard of the large number of NPs that require testing...
  28. ncbi Differential pro-inflammatory effects of metal oxide nanoparticles and their soluble ions in vitro and in vivo; zinc and copper nanoparticles, but not their ions, recruit eosinophils to the lungs
    Wan Seob Cho
    Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
    Nanotoxicology 6:22-35. 2012
    ..NiONP recruited neutrophils only whilst NiOAE did not cause any inflammation. Understanding differences in the toxic role of the ionic components of metal oxide NPs will contribute to full hazard identification and characterisation...
  29. ncbi Combustion-derived nanoparticulate induces the adverse vascular effects of diesel exhaust inhalation
    Nicholas L Mills
    The BHF University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh University, The Queens Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
    Eur Heart J 32:2660-71. 2011
    ..We assess the role of combustion-derived-nanoparticles in mediating the adverse cardiovascular effects of air pollution...
  30. ncbi Proinflammogenic effects of low-toxicity and metal nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro: highlighting the role of particle surface area and surface reactivity
    Rodger Duffin
    ELEGI Colt Laboratory, MRC University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Inhal Toxicol 19:849-56. 2007
    ..These approaches present the possibility of modelling potential toxicity of nanoparticles and nuisance dusts based on the inflammatory response of a given instilled surface area dose...
  31. ncbi Diesel exhaust particulate--exposed macrophages cause marked endothelial cell activation
    Catherine A Shaw
    Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
    Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 44:840-51. 2011
    ..We conclude that DEP has only modest direct endothelial effects. In contrast, proinflammatory cytokines released from particle-laden MDMs appear to exacerbate endothelial activation after DEP exposure...
  32. ncbi The pro-inflammatory effects of low-toxicity low-solubility particles, nanoparticles and fine particles, on epithelial cells in vitro: the role of surface area
    Claire Monteiller
    Institute of Occupational Medicine, Research Park North, Edinburgh, UK
    Occup Environ Med 64:609-15. 2007
    ....
  33. ncbi The pulmonary toxicology of ultrafine particles
    Ken Donaldson
    The Biomedicine Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Napier University, 10 Colinton Road, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, Scotland, United Kingdom
    J Aerosol Med 15:213-20. 2002
    ..Ultrafine particles can also impair the ability of macrophages to phagocytose and clear other particles, and this may be pro-inflammogenic...
  34. ncbi The role of free radicals in the toxic and inflammatory effects of four different ultrafine particle types
    Colin A J Dick
    School of Health and Life Sciences, Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Inhal Toxicol 15:39-52. 2003
    ..Susceptible individuals, such as those with COPD or asthma, already exhibit preexisting oxidative stress and hence are in a primed state for further oxidative stress induced by occupational or environmental particles...
  35. ncbi Air pollution and atherothrombosis
    Nicholas L Mills
    Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Inhal Toxicol 19:81-9. 2007
    ....
  36. ncbi The threshold length for fiber-induced acute pleural inflammation: shedding light on the early events in asbestos-induced mesothelioma
    Anja Schinwald
    MRC University of Edinburgh, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
    Toxicol Sci 128:461-70. 2012
    ....
  37. ncbi The mechanism of pleural inflammation by long carbon nanotubes: interaction of long fibres with macrophages stimulates them to amplify pro-inflammatory responses in mesothelial cells
    Fiona A Murphy
    MRC University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Queen s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
    Part Fibre Toxicol 9:8. 2012
    ..This mechanism for producing a pro-inflammatory environment in the pleural space exposed to long CNT has implications for the general understanding of fibre-related pleural disease and design of safe nanofibres...
  38. ncbi Reducing personal exposure to particulate air pollution improves cardiovascular health in patients with coronary heart disease
    Jeremy P Langrish
    Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Environ Health Perspect 120:367-72. 2012
    ..Air pollution exposure increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and is a major global public health concern...
  39. ncbi Surface derivatization state of polystyrene latex nanoparticles determines both their potency and their mechanism of causing human platelet aggregation in vitro
    Catherine McGuinnes
    Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
    Toxicol Sci 119:359-68. 2011
    ..The two surface modifications, aminated and carboxylated, that did cause aggregation did so by different mechanisms. The study highlights the fundamental role of surface chemistry on bioactivity of NP in a platelet activation model...
  40. ncbi Interactions between ultrafine particles and transition metals in vivo and in vitro
    Martin R Wilson
    Biomedicine Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Napier University, 10 Colinton Road, Edinburgh, EH10 5DT, Scotland
    Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 184:172-9. 2002
    ....
  41. ncbi Inflammation caused by particles and fibers
    Ken Donaldson
    School of Life Sciences, Napier University, 10 Colinton Rd, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, Scotland, United Kingdom
    Inhal Toxicol 14:5-27. 2002
  42. ncbi Skin exposure to micro- and nano-particles can cause haemostasis in zebrafish larvae
    Jennifer A McLeish
    MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen s Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
    Thromb Haemost 103:797-807. 2010
    ....
  43. ncbi Diesel exhaust inhalation does not affect heart rhythm or heart rate variability
    Nicholas L Mills
    Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
    Heart 97:544-50. 2011
    ..This study was undertaken to determine the effect of diesel exhaust inhalation on heart rhythm and heart rate variability in healthy volunteers and patients with coronary heart disease...
  44. ncbi Graphene-based nanoplatelets: a new risk to the respiratory system as a consequence of their unusual aerodynamic properties
    Anja Schinwald
    Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen s Medical Research Institute, MRC University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ UK
    ACS Nano 6:736-46. 2012
    ..Our data suggest that nanoplatelets pose a novel nanohazard and structure-toxicity relationship in nanoparticle toxicology...
  45. ncbi Exposure to concentrated ambient particles does not affect vascular function in patients with coronary heart disease
    Nicholas L Mills
    Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Environ Health Perspect 116:709-15. 2008
    ..Exposure to fine particulate air pollution is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We previously demonstrated that exposure to dilute diesel exhaust causes vascular dysfunction in humans...
  46. ncbi Adenoviral E1A primes alveolar epithelial cells to PM(10)-induced transcription of interleukin-8
    P S Gilmour
    Respiratory Section, Edinburgh Lung and The Environment Group Initiative/Colt Laboratories, Department of Medical and Radiological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, United Kingdom
    Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 281:L598-606. 2001
    ..By this mechanism, susceptibility to exacerbation of COPD in response to particulate air pollution may occur in individuals harboring E1A...
  47. ncbi Length-dependent retention of carbon nanotubes in the pleural space of mice initiates sustained inflammation and progressive fibrosis on the parietal pleura
    Fiona A Murphy
    University of Edinburgh Medical Research Council, the Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
    Am J Pathol 178:2587-600. 2011
    ....
  48. ncbi Nanoparticles-a thoracic toxicology perspective
    Rodger Duffin
    MRC University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Queen s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK
    Yonsei Med J 48:561-72. 2007
    ..Bridging our toxicological knowledge between the environmental nanoparticles and the new engineered nanoparticles is a considerable challenge...
  49. ncbi Reduced alveolar macrophage migration induced by acute ambient particle (PM10) exposure
    Peter G Barlow
    Lung Inflammation Research Group, MRC University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
    Cell Biol Toxicol 24:243-52. 2008
    ....
  50. ncbi Soluble transition metals cause the pro-inflammatory effects of welding fumes in vitro
    Jane D McNeilly
    Respiratory Medicine Unit, ELEGI/Colt Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
    Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 196:95-107. 2004
    ..These results support the hypothesis that the enhanced pro-inflammatory responses of welding fume particulates are mediated by soluble transition metal components via an oxidative stress mechanism...
  51. ncbi Length-dependent pathogenic effects of nickel nanowires in the lungs and the peritoneal cavity
    Craig A Poland
    Safenano, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh, UK
    Nanotoxicology 6:899-911. 2012
    ..This may have important implications when considering the hazard posed by fibrous nanomaterials and their regulation in workplaces...
  52. ncbi Direct impairment of vascular function by diesel exhaust particulate through reduced bioavailability of endothelium-derived nitric oxide induced by superoxide free radicals
    Mark R Miller
    Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Environ Health Perspect 117:611-6. 2009
    ..Diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) is a key arbiter of the adverse cardiovascular effects of air pollution...
  53. ncbi Efficacy of simple short-term in vitro assays for predicting the potential of metal oxide nanoparticles to cause pulmonary inflammation
    Senlin Lu
    University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
    Environ Health Perspect 117:241-7. 2009
    ..There has been concern regarding risks from inhalation exposure to nanoparticles (NPs). The large number of particles requiring testing means that alternative approaches to animal testing are needed...
  54. ncbi The impact of different nanoparticle surface chemistry and size on uptake and toxicity in a murine macrophage cell line
    Martin J D Clift
    Applied Research Centre for Health, Environment and Society, Biomedicine and Sport Science Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Napier University, 10 Colinton Road, Edinburgh, EH10 5DT, UK
    Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 232:418-27. 2008
    ..No evidence of exocytosis was found over 2 h. These findings confirm that surface coating has a significant influence on the mode of NP interaction with cells, as well as the subsequent consequences of that interaction...
  55. ncbi Aluminium lactate treatment of DQ12 quartz inhibits its ability to cause inflammation, chemokine expression, and nuclear factor-kappaB activation
    R Duffin
    ELEGI/Colt Laboratories, Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 176:10-7. 2001
    ....
  56. ncbi Effects of PM10 in human peripheral blood monocytes and J774 macrophages
    D M Brown
    School of Life Sciences, Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
    Respir Res 5:29. 2004
    ..Impaired motility and phagocytic ability as shown by changes in the F-actin cytoskeleton is likely to play a key role in particle clearance from the lung...
  57. ncbi Free radical activity of industrial fibers: role of iron in oxidative stress and activation of transcription factors
    P S Gilmour
    Department of Biological Sciences, Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Environ Health Perspect 105:1313-7. 1997
    ..Although this was not related to iron release or ability to deplete macrophage GSH at 4 hr, GSH does play a role in activation of NF kappa B...
  58. ncbi The procoagulant potential of environmental particles (PM10)
    P S Gilmour
    Edinburgh Lung and the Environment Group Initiative (ELEGI)/Colt Laboratory, The University of Edinburgh, Department of Medicine and Radiological Sciences, Medical School, Wilkie Building, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, UK
    Occup Environ Med 62:164-71. 2005
    ..CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that PM10 has the ability to alter macrophage, epithelial, and endothelial cell function to favour blood coagulation via activation of the extrinsic pathway and inhibition of fibrinolysis pathways...
  59. ncbi Activation of NF-kappaB by PM(10) occurs via an iron-mediated mechanism in the absence of IkappaB degradation
    L A Jimenez
    Edinburgh Lung and The Environment Group Initiative ELEGI Colt Research Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
    Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 166:101-10. 2000
    ..Coincubation of polymixin B, an endotoxin-binding compound, and PM(10) did not inhibit NF-kappaB. In summary, PM(10) activates NF-kappaB in A549 cells by an iron-mediated mechanism in the absence of IkappaB degradation...
  60. ncbi Zeta potential mediated reaction monitoring on nano and microparticles
    Frank Thielbeer
    University of Edinburgh, School of Chemistry, King s Buildings, Joseph Black Building, West Mains Road, EH9 3JJ, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Bioconjug Chem 22:144-50. 2011
    ..We demonstrate that zeta potential measurement is a convenient approach which allows multistep reaction sequences to be followed, and show that this method can be used to verify and validate successful particle modification...
  61. ncbi Do inhaled carbon nanoparticles translocate directly into the circulation in humans?
    Nicholas L Mills
    Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Chancellor s Building, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 173:426-31. 2006
    ..It has been suggested that the nanoparticulate component of PM(10) is capable of translocating into the circulation with the potential for direct effects on the vasculature...
  62. ncbi Ischemic and thrombotic effects of dilute diesel-exhaust inhalation in men with coronary heart disease
    Nicholas L Mills
    Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, Sweden
    N Engl J Med 357:1075-82. 2007
    ..We conducted a controlled exposure to dilute diesel exhaust in patients with stable coronary heart disease to determine the direct effect of air pollution on myocardial, vascular, and fibrinolytic function...
  63. ncbi Lipopolysaccharide-induced alveolar epithelial permeability: the role of nitric oxide
    X Y Li
    Department of Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 157:1027-33. 1998
    ..These data suggest that NO is involved in LPS-induced changes in epithelial integrity. However, other mechanisms should be evoked in addition to NO to explain completely the increased epithelial permeability produced by LPS...
  64. ncbi Short-term inhalation and in vitro tests as predictors of fiber pathogenicity
    R T Cullen
    Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Environ Health Perspect 105:1235-40. 1997
    ..We believe that this assay should be validated with a wider range of fibers, doses, and time points...
  65. ncbi Exacerbations of COPD: environmental mechanisms
    W MacNee
    ELEGI Colt Research Laboratories, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, Scotland
    Chest 117:390S-7S. 2000
    ..Elucidation of the mechanism of the harmful effects of these pollutants should allow improved risk assessment for patients with airways diseases who are be susceptible to the effects of these air pollutants...
  66. ncbi Mechanism of lung injury caused by PM10 and ultrafine particles with special reference to COPD
    W MacNee
    Edinburgh Lung and the Environment Group Initiative Colt Research Laboratories, Dept of Clinical and Radiological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Medical School, UK
    Eur Respir J Suppl 40:47s-51s. 2003
    ..Understanding the mechanisms of the harmful effects of particulate air pollution in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may help in risk strategy for individuals who are susceptible to the effects of air pollution...
  67. ncbi Bilateral vagotomy or atropine pre-treatment reduces experimental diesel-soot induced lung inflammation
    D S McQueen
    University of Edinburgh, School of Biomedical Sciences, 1 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, Scotland, UK
    Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 219:62-71. 2007
    ..Muscarinic ACh receptors in the rat lung are involved in DP-induced neutrophilia, and hence muscarinic antagonists may reduce airway and/or cardiovascular inflammation evoked by inhaled atmospheric DP in susceptible individuals...
  68. ncbi PM(10)-exposed macrophages stimulate a proinflammatory response in lung epithelial cells via TNF-alpha
    L A Jimenez
    Edinburgh Lung and the Environment Group Initiative Colt Laboratories, Department of Medical and Radiological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, Scotland, United Kingdom
    Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 282:L237-48. 2002
    ..These data suggest that PM(10)-activated macrophages may amplify the inflammatory response by enhancing IL-8 release from lung epithelial cells, in part, via elaboration of TNF-alpha...
  69. ncbi Oxidant-mediated lung epithelial cell tolerance: the role of intracellular glutathione and nuclear factor-kappaB
    I Rahman
    Respiratory Medicine Unit, ELEGI and Colt Research Laboratory, Wilkie Building, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, EH8 9AG, Edinburgh, UK
    Biochem Pharmacol 62:787-94. 2001
    ..Thus, increasing intracellular glutathione may be of therapeutic relevance if able to modulate NF-kappaB activation and hence attenuate inflammation...
  70. ncbi Monitoring intracellular redox potential changes using SERS nanosensors
    Craig A R Auchinvole
    EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
    ACS Nano 6:888-96. 2012
    ....
  71. ncbi Beneficial cardiovascular effects of reducing exposure to particulate air pollution with a simple facemask
    Jeremy P Langrish
    Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK
    Part Fibre Toxicol 6:8. 2009
    ..abstract:..
  72. ncbi Evaluating the toxicity of airborne particulate matter and nanoparticles by measuring oxidative stress potential--a workshop report and consensus statement
    Jon G Ayres
    Liberty Safe Work Research Centre, Foresterhill Road, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
    Inhal Toxicol 20:75-99. 2008
    ..There is a strong need for laboratory in vitro test systems for the toxicity of airborne particulate matter and nanoparticles. The measurement of oxidative stress potential offers a promising way forward...
  73. ncbi Diesel exhaust inhalation causes vascular dysfunction and impaired endogenous fibrinolysis
    Nicholas L Mills
    Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, Scotland
    Circulation 112:3930-6. 2005
    ..The study aim was to investigate the effects of diesel exhaust inhalation on vascular and endothelial function in humans...
  74. ncbi Soluble transition metals in welding fumes cause inflammation via activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1
    J D McNeilly
    ELEGI/Colt Laboratories, Centre for Inflammation Research, Wilkie Building, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
    Toxicol Lett 158:152-7. 2005
    ....
  75. ncbi Nanoparticle carbon black driven DNA damage induces growth arrest and AP-1 and NFkappaB DNA binding in lung epithelial A549 cell line
    R M Mroz
    ELEGI Colt Laboratories, MRC University of Edinburgh Center for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, UK
    J Physiol Pharmacol 58:461-70. 2007
    ..N-acetylcysteine blocked NP driven effects. In conclusion, NPCB and BaP-NPCB induce DNA damage, activating p53, proteins related to DNA repair and proinflammatory transcription factors...
  76. ncbi A biopersistence study following exposure to chrysotile asbestos alone or in combination with fine particles
    D M Bernstein
    University of Edinburgh, ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Edinburgh, Scotland
    Inhal Toxicol 20:1009-28. 2008
    ..The increased number of macrophages in the chrysotile/sanded joint exposure group was confirmed histologically, with this being the only exposure-related histological finding reported...
  77. ncbi Stimulation of IL-8 release from epithelial cells by gas cooker PM(10): a pilot study
    C A Dick
    Napier University, School of Life Sciences, 10 Colinton Road, Edinburgh, EH10 5DT, Scotland, UK
    Occup Environ Med 58:208-10. 2001
    ....
  78. ncbi Asthma and PM10
    K Donaldson
    Biomedicine Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
    Respir Res 1:12-5. 2000
    ....
  79. ncbi The London Underground: dust and hazards to health
    A Seaton
    Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
    Occup Environ Med 62:355-62. 2005
    ..To assess hazards associated with exposure to dust in the London Underground railway and to provide an informed opinion on the risks to workers and the travelling public of exposure to tunnel dust...
  80. ncbi Bromo-deoxyuridine (BRDU) uptake in the lungs of rats inhaling amosite asbestos or vitreous fibres at equal airborne fibre concentrations
    K Donaldson
    Napier University, Edinburgh, Scotland
    Exp Toxicol Pathol 47:207-11. 1995
    ..We conclude that, when amosite asbestos deposits in the lungs of rats it stimulates a proliferative response and that deposition of an equal number of similar-sized vitreous fibres has no effect...
  81. ncbi Depletion of glutathione and ascorbate in lung lining fluid by respirable fibres
    D M Brown
    Department of Biological Sciences, Napier University, 10 Colinton Road, Edinburgh, UK
    Ann Occup Hyg 44:101-8. 2000
    ..We examined a panel of respirable fibres, designated as being carcinogenic or non-carcinogenic based on previous animal studies for ability to deplete antioxidants from lung lining fluid...
  82. ncbi Impairment of alveolar macrophage phagocytosis by ultrafine particles
    L C Renwick
    School of Life Sciences, Napier University, 10 Colinton Road, Edinburgh, EH10 5DT, Scotland
    Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 172:119-27. 2001
    ..Therefore, we conclude that slowed clearance of particles, specifically the ultrafines, can in part be attributed to a particle-mediated impairment of macrophage phagocytosis...
  83. ncbi Ambient particle inhalation and the cardiovascular system: potential mechanisms
    K Donaldson
    Biomedicine Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Napier University, Edinburgh, Scotland
    Environ Health Perspect 109:523-7. 2001
    ..In this present review, we consider the likely interactions between the ultrafine particles the acute phase response and cardiovascular disease...
  84. ncbi Modeling the retention and clearance of manmade vitreous fibers in the rat lung
    C L Tran
    Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, Scotland
    Inhal Toxicol 15:553-87. 2003
    ....
  85. ncbi Adjuvanticity and toxicity of cobalt oxide nanoparticles as an alternative vaccine adjuvant
    Wan Seob Cho
    ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Center for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
    Nanomedicine (Lond) 7:1495-505. 2012
    ..Discussion: Co(3)O(4)NPs could be a very useful adjuvant where both Th1 and Th2 responses are needed to clear pathogens. Original submitted 22 August 2011; Revised submitted 28 February 2012; Published online 20 July 2012...
  86. ncbi The Janus faces of nanoparticles
    Ken Donaldson
    ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Queen s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
    J Nanosci Nanotechnol 7:4607-11. 2007
    ..Much would be gained in this area by collaboration between particle toxicologists and nanopharmacologists...
  87. ncbi Inflammation generating potential of long and short fibre amosite asbestos samples
    K Donaldson
    Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
    Br J Ind Med 46:271-6. 1989
    ..The enhanced ability of long fibres to cause inflammation and cause macrophage activation is probably a key factor in the ability of long fibres to cause pulmonary fibrosis and may also be important in fibre carcinogenesis...
  88. ncbi Free radical activity of PM10: iron-mediated generation of hydroxyl radicals
    K Donaldson
    Department of Biological Sciences, Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Environ Health Perspect 105:1285-9. 1997
    ..We conclude, therefore, that the free radical activity is derived either from a fraction that is not centrifugeable on a bench centrifuge, or that the radical generating system is released into solution...
  89. ncbi The quartz hazard: effects of surface and matrix on inflammogenic activity
    K Donaldson
    Biomedicine Research Group, Napier University, Edinburgh, Scotland
    J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 20:109-18. 2001
    ..A broad program of further research is needed before we have a sound understanding of the mechanisms of quartz toxicity...
  90. ncbi Enhancement of the macrophage oxidative burst by immunoglobulin coating of respirable fibers: fiber-specific differences between asbestos and man-made fibers
    I M Hill
    Department of Biological Sciences, Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
    Exp Lung Res 22:133-48. 1996
    ..It also draws attention to fiber-specific differences in adsorptive capacity and subsequent biological activity between these fiber types in vitro and, by implication, in vivo...
  91. ncbi Biological activity of respirable industrial fibres treated to mimic residence in the lung
    K Donaldson
    Napier University, Biomedicine and Biotechnology Research Group, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
    Toxicol Lett 72:299-305. 1994
    ..Such information should enable us to better predict the potential of fibres to cause mesothelioma...
  92. ncbi Influence of fibre length, dissolution and biopersistence on the production of mesothelioma in the rat peritoneal cavity
    B G Miller
    Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
    Ann Occup Hyg 43:155-66. 1999
    ..Improved quantification of the relative importance of fibre dimensions and biopersistence indices requires experimentation with a range of doses...
  93. ncbi Ultrafine particles and nitrogen oxides generated by gas and electric cooking
    M Dennekamp
    Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University of Aberdeen Medical School, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK
    Occup Environ Med 58:511-6. 2001
    ..Although respiratory effects of exposure to NO(x) might be anticipated, recent epidemiology suggests that cardiac effects cannot be excluded, and further investigation of this is desirable...
  94. ncbi In vitro toxicology of respirable Montserrat volcanic ash
    M R Wilson
    Biomedicine Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Napier University, 10 Colinton Road, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, Scotland, UK
    Occup Environ Med 57:727-33. 2000
    ..These were compared with the relatively inert dust TiO(2) and the known toxic quartz dust, DQ12...
  95. ncbi Nanoparticle-driven DNA damage mimics irradiation-related carcinogenesis pathways
    R M Mroz
    ELEGI Colt Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
    Eur Respir J 31:241-51. 2008
    ..In conclusion, nanoparticles and reactive oxidative species induce DNA damage, activating p53 and proteins related to DNA repair, mimicking irradiation-related carcinogenesis pathways...
  96. ncbi Chemical differences between long and short amosite asbestos: differences in oxidation state and coordination sites of iron, detected by infrared spectroscopy
    A Graham
    Department of Biological Sciences, Napier University, Edinburgh, Scotland
    Occup Environ Med 56:606-11. 1999
    ..CONCLUSIONS: Important chemical differences between LFA and SFA were found. There seemed to be some mobility of iron near the surface. Based on these data it is speculated that the 1 iron surface site may be important in pathogenesis...
  97. ncbi Superoxide anion release by alveolar macrophages exposed to respirable industrial fibres: modifying effect of fibre opsonisation
    K Donaldson
    Department of Biological Sciences, Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
    Exp Toxicol Pathol 47:229-31. 1995
    ..These fibre-specific differences in the effect of a coating of material that is found in the lung lining points out the problems of interpretation of in vitro data and more work on this important area is warranted...
  98. ncbi Increased arterial stiffness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a mechanism for increased cardiovascular risk
    N L Mills
    Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
    Thorax 63:306-11. 2008
    ..The mechanisms responsible for this association are not clear and appear to be independent of smoking history...
  99. ncbi Asbestos fibre length-dependent detachment injury to alveolar epithelial cells in vitro: role of a fibronectin-binding receptor
    K Donaldson
    Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, Scotland
    Int J Exp Pathol 74:243-50. 1993
    ..This type of injury could be important in the pathology associated with exposure to long fibres...
  100. ncbi Toxicity of coarse and fine particulate matter from sites with contrasting traffic profiles
    Miriam E Gerlofs Nijland
    National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
    Inhal Toxicol 19:1055-69. 2007
    ..It is likely that the toxicological responses of SH rats were associated with specific PM components derived from brake wear (copper and barium), tire wear (zinc), and wood smoke (potassium)...
  101. ncbi Nanotoxicology: signs of stress
    Vicki Stone
    Centre for Health and Environment, School of Life Sciences, Napier University, Edinburgh EH105DT, UK
    Nat Nanotechnol 1:23-4. 2006