Rory Collins

..Our case-control study investigated the effects of alcohol consumption on male and female cause-specific mortality...

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..While most of the global burden from chronic diseases, and especially vascular diseases, is now borne by low and middle-income countries, few large-scale epidemiological studies of chronic diseases in such countries have been performed...

..To relate alcohol consumption patterns to mortality in an elderly population...

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..The UK rates are not generally worse than those in the other countries and are sometimes better. Exceptions were cancer of the lung, large bowel, and breast, the first of which is explained by differences in the prevalence of smoking...

..To test for evidence of gene-environment interactions, we compared genotypic relative risks for breast cancer across the other risk factors in a large UK prospective study...

..We investigated whether the timing of these therapies affected breast cancer incidence...

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..The interdependence of these four risk factors is unclear...

..Substantial uncertainty remains about the relationship in populations with lower mean BMI levels, and about the relevance to it of the effects of smoking or of reverse causality...

..gov number, NCT00092677) has raised the hypothesis that adding ezetimibe to statin therapy for larger LDL cholesterol reductions might increase the incidence of cancer...

..The relevance of blood lipid levels as risk factors for ischemic heart disease (IHD) in older people is uncertain; hence, cholesterol-lowering therapy is not routinely prescribed in older populations...

..We assessed the association between intakes of total fluids and of specific beverages on the risk of renal cell carcinoma in a large prospective cohort of UK women...

..97, 95% CI: 0.82-1.16) (heterogeneity p < 0.001). Among current users of oestrogen-only and oestrogen-progestagen HRT, there was no significant heterogeneity by duration of use, hormonal constituent or mode of administration of HRT...

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..22-2.03, with vs. without such a history). These factors were also associated with increased mortality from pancreatic cancer. Height, alcohol consumption and physical activity showed little or no association with pancreatic cancer risk...

..Among the men born around 1920, prolonged cigarette smoking from early adult life tripled age specific mortality rates, but cessation at age 50 halved the hazard, and cessation at age 30 avoided almost all of it...

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..The SHARP trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the combination of simvastatin plus ezetimibe in such patients...

..In preparation for such a trial, we assessed the biochemical efficacy, safety, and tolerability of adding ezetimibe, 10 mg/d, to simvastatin, 20 mg/d, as initial therapy for such patients...

..Low-dose aspirin is of definite and substantial net benefit for many people who already have occlusive vascular disease. We have assessed the benefits and risks in primary prevention...

..68 (95% CI 0.62-0.75), with similar results for strenuous exercise. In this large cohort of postmenopausal women, BMI and physical activity had independent effects on hip fracture risk...

..Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are established risk factors for vascular disease, but lipoprotein particle concentrations may be stronger determinants of risk...

..Large blood-based prospective studies can provide reliable assessment of the complex interplay of lifestyle, environmental and genetic factors as determinants of chronic disease...

..The aim of this study was to test the effects of the KIF6 Trp719Arg polymorphism (rs20455) on vascular risk and response to statin therapy in 18,348 participants from the Heart Protection Study...

..We aimed to establish efficacy and safety of more intensive statin treatment in patients at high cardiovascular risk...

..The genetic determinants of the Lp(a) lipoprotein level and their relevance for the risk of coronary disease are incompletely understood...

..This meta-analysis combined prospective studies of vascular mortality that recorded both blood pressure and total cholesterol at baseline, to determine the joint relevance of these two risk factors...

..With the exception of breast cancer, little is known about the effect of moderate intakes of alcohol, or of particular types of alcohol, on cancer risk in women...

..In this relatively lean Chinese male population, low BMI was strongly associated with increased risk of lung cancer only among current smokers...

..However, given the rarity of this variant in Caucasians, the attributable risk of rs1048990 for MI is unlikely to be great in western populations...

..To compare the predictive value of inflammatory biomarkers and lipids for vascular and non-vascular mortality in older men...

..The effect of menopause did not vary significantly by tumour histology. Meta-analysis of published results on the effects of age at menarche and age at first birth on ductal and lobular cancers were in keeping with our findings...

..Substantial uncertainty exists, however, about the strength of the relationship in other populations and its relevance to age, adiposity, medical treatment, climate and housing conditions...

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..There is limited evidence on how the risk of breast cancer and its subtypes depend on low-penetrance susceptibility loci, individually or in combination...

..To study incidence of radiation-related heart disease in a large population of breast cancer patients followed for up to 30 years...

..Patients with chronic kidney disease are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease, but the efficacy and safety of simvastatin and aspirin are unknown in this patient group...

..Few large studies in China have investigated total physical activity and sedentary leisure time and their associations with adiposity...

..We sought to assess the ability of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (N-BNP) to predict vascular events in high-risk people and to test whether statins benefit people with high levels of N-BNP...

..Using a high performance liquid chromatography assay developed in-house, we have investigated the separate effects of temperature and light on the stability of vitamins in whole blood over several days...

..Substantial uncertainty remains, however, about the relationship between BMI and IHD in populations with lower BMI levels...

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..09, 95% CI 0.94-1.25). These associations indicate that tobacco is currently responsible for about 50,000 liver cancer deaths each year in China, chiefly among men with chronic HBV infection...

..We assessed the long-term effects of successful CEA...

..In conclusion, for women in the United Kingdom, the incidence of glioma or meningioma tumours increases with increasing height and increasing BMI...

..Active smoking has little or no effect on women's risk of developing breast cancer, but it has been suggested that passive exposure to tobacco smoke may increase this risk among women who have never smoked...

..To assess the feasibility and acceptability of randomizing the phased introduction of the extension of the invited age range in the National Health Service (NHS) Breast Screening Programme in England from 50-70 to 47-73 years...

..Overall, these studies provide reliable evidence that these common polymorphisms for the LTA gene are not strongly associated with susceptibility to coronary disease...

..To determine the relation between body mass index (BMI) and liver cirrhosis and the contribution that BMI and alcohol consumption make to the incidence of liver cirrhosis in middle aged women in the UK...

..Dietary supplementation with folic acid to lower homocysteine levels had no significant effects within 5 years on cardiovascular events or on overall cancer or mortality in the populations studied...

..This study aimed to assess the hazards in the general US population from routine cancer-registry and death-certificate data...

..A large antisense non-coding RNA gene (ANRIL) collocates with the high-risk haplotype, is expressed in tissues and cell types that are affected by atherosclerosis and is a prime candidate gene for the chromosome 9p CAD locus...

..Mailed transport of whole blood samples may, therefore, be a simple and cost-effective option for large-scale epidemiological studies...

..A review of the surgical costs and results in a group of patients randomly allocated to surgery as part of a large prospective randomized trial of patients with chronic back pain...

..We aimed to establish whether lithium plus valproate was better than monotherapy with either drug alone for relapse prevention in bipolar I disorder...

..In assessing the risk of occupational exposure to radiation, life-style has to be taken into consideration, as well as dose of radiation...

..Therefore data from all 13 European studies of residential radon and lung cancer satisfying certain prespecified criteria have been brought together and analyzed...

..CONCLUSION: Four monthly supplementation with 100 000 IU oral vitamin D may prevent fractures without adverse effects in men and women living in the general community...

..The individual determinants of TCM/CAM use among patients were also investigated...

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..Chronic stressors are known to increase vulnerability to medical illness, but the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are poorly understood...

..This linearity assumption is not necessarily the most conservative approach, and it is likely that it will result in an underestimate of some radiation-induced cancer risks and an overestimate of others...

..We already have evidence that this has taken place in China, where the earliest study was established. ..