Lisa Cipolotti

..The combination of the neuropsychological and neuroimaging approaches may provide insights into the functional-anatomy of memory while having clinical utility for the assessment of residual brain tissue...

..The specificity of our test indicates a new way of assessing topographical disorientation, with possible application to the assessment of progressive dementias such as Alzheimer's disease...

..Here we report for the first time the neuropsychological and clinical assessments in these two groups...

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..These findings indicate that different domains of the visual memory system can be fractionated developmentally. In particular, it demonstrates that topographical memory can develop independently from other aspects of visual memory...

..Severe amnesia is usually observed following bilateral hippocampal pathology. This review addresses the precise role of the hippocampus and related medial temporal lobe structures in amnesia...

..Thus, DA's written spelling was characterized by both deep dysgraphic and graphemic output buffer effects. It is proposed that this pattern of performance represents a new"putative functional syndrome."..

..This finding raises the possibility that fractionation of familiarity and recollection to separate thalamic nuclei may not fully capture the role of thalamic sub-regions in memory function...

..It also plays an appreciable role in familiarity processes for these stimuli. However, recollection and familiarity of human faces appear not to depend on this region...

..Our results are compatible with the view that retrograde amnesia is both extensive and ungraded when the damage is limited to the hippocampus...

..These results provide evidence that the LIFG is crucial for selecting among multiple competing conceptual propositions for language generation...

..The ACC plays a role in processing particular types of emotion (fear). Bilateral ACC damage impairs ToM processing, but unilateral damage to the right ACC is not sufficient to disrupt ToM...

..The pattern of cortico-cognitive associations in BPI and BPII patients merits further consideration...

..We speculate that our findings may be compatible with the view that the ACC integrates cognitive processing with autonomic functioning to guide behaviour...

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..Performance on tests of memory and executive functioning showed considerable variability. Although a degree of memory impairment does seem necessary, performance on traditional executive tests is less helpful in explaining confabulation...

..Research suggests that patients with medial lesions are susceptible to competition from task irrelevant schema; whereas the left lateral group in the current study may fail to keep track of the tones already presented...

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..We speculate that it may relate to the age at which hippocampal damage occurred reflecting plasticity within the developing brain, or to cognitive differences between VC, the developmental amnesic patient, and the control subjects...

..Both analyses led to similar conclusions where only the familiarity component of recognition memory was impaired in frontal patients compared to healthy controls whilst the recollection-type (or variance ratio) processes remained intact...

..In contrast, the verbal fluency tests and the new Symbol Digit Test are only suitable for monitoring large changes in performance. The Modified Card Sorting Test is an unreliable tool for monitoring 'executive' functions...

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..The evolutionary model needs to envisage the possibility that some categories of knowledge, such as countries, may not be prewired, but learned during ontogenetic development...

..However, a failure in integrated bodily arousal responses during cognitive behaviours may also contribute to some of the observed deficits...

..Our study also provides evidence that cognitive deficits are more severe and pervasive in BP II patients, suggesting that recurrent depressive episodes, rather than mania, may have a more detrimental and lasting effect on cognition...

..These findings have implications for the diagnosis of stroke patients with cognitive impairment, and for the appropriate use of antihypertensive and antiplatelet treatments in these patients...

..e. quantity). These results show that patients with left unilateral neglect can still semantically process Arabic numerals unconsciously...

..Face recognition memory may be adequately subserved by areas outside of the hippocampus...

..We offer two explanations for the pattern of performance in the Right Lateral group: failure of a right lateralised error detection and checking system, or an impairment in the active uncued initiation of a supervisory operation...

..In this study we document: test-retest reliability (TRR), group changes in performance and measures of intra-subject variability for two commonly used cognitive tests...

..These data suggest a partly shared mechanism between time, numbers and space which may be involved in magnitude processing or may be recruited to perform cognitive operations on magnitude dimensions...

..The mean annual hippocampal atrophy rate, determined by volumetric magnetic resonance imaging was intermediate between values previously associated with cognitively normal individuals and those with sporadic Alzheimer disease...

..To assess central auditory function in a series of patients with stroke of the insula and adjacent areas...

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..Moreover, these patients may also have social cognition impairments. Overall, we suggest that there is a degree of heterogeneity in the types of cognitive and social cognitive impairments in SCA patients...

..We will argue that our findings are problematic for Dehaene's model and in good accord with McCloskey's view...

..The data is interpreted in terms of reduced sensitivity to agency cues in individuals with autism and general information processing capacity...

..In addition, the pattern of atrophy in semantic dementia suggests that semantic memory is subserved by anterior temporal lobe structures, within which the middle and inferior temporal gyri may play a key role...

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..These findings are discussed in the light of current theoretical accounts of category-specific effects and the possible contribution of imageability to this selective preservation of colours...

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..Longitudinal MRI, neuropsychological and clinical data are presented over the decade preceding this man's diagnosis, through the asymptomatic and prodromal preludes to his presentation with MCI and on to eventual conversion to AD...

..The implications for the notion of an intrinsic vulnerability of verb naming in AD and for the current knowledge of anatomical correlates of noun/verb processing are discussed...

..Moreover, it is proposed that the orbitofrontal cortex may be implicated specifically either in the generation of these expectations or the use of these expectations to suppress inappropriate behaviour...

..2002). The previously suggested crucial role of the SMG/AG in the retrieval of simple multiplication facts is therefore poorly supported (Cohen et al., 2000; Lee, 2000)...

..Usage of different versions of the RMT enables us to avoid practice effects. However, the RC indices indicate that large changes in scores are needed to detect a significant improvement or decline in an individual's performance...

..We interpret our patients' impairment as being underpinned by a deficit in one set of mechanisms involved in discourse generation; namely the generation of a fluent sequence of novel thought...

..CMBs may therefore play a role in understanding the underlying mechanisms of vascular cognitive impairment, in diagnosis, and in assessing its severity and prognosis; this review considers recent evidence on this topic...

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..Fluid registered MRI may be a useful technique in assessing patterns of focal atrophy in vivo and demonstrating the progression of degenerative diseases...

..Thus, converging neuroimaging and clinical findings suggest that ACC function mediates context-driven modulation of bodily arousal states...

..The potential brain basis of Cotard delusion is discussed...

..Both the patient and the controls activated the left ATC when famous stimuli were compared with non-famous stimuli. This result supports the hypothesis of a predominantly semantic function of the left ATC...

..To describe the clinical features of nine British families with neuropathologically verified frontotemporal dementia (FTD) due to the intronic tau exon 10(+16) mutation...

..Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and adds significantly to the burden of the disease. The ability to predict future cognitive impairment from imaging obtained at disease onset has not been investigated...

..Using a cohort/case control methodology, we explore the ability of MRI abnormalities, including those in the normal-appearing brain tissue, to predict future cognitive dysfunction in PPMS...

..CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that reliance on memory performance as a measure of PTA is not ideal and highlight the need for further research of this issue...

..They are consistent with the recently proposed role of the cerebellum as a modulator of cognitive, social and emotional functions...

..The results also suggest that nominal function may be preserved in some cases with inherited prion disease...

..The in vivo findings were consistent with those found at postmortem, including significant supratentorial atrophy concurrent with an unusual degree of cognitive impairment for MSA...

..The domain-specific improvement patterns may help to inform long-term rehabilitation plans, which should not be based solely on cognitive assessments undertaken within the first month after stroke...

..In addition, this case contradicts the predicted association between subtraction and quantity manipulation, proposed by Dehaene's triple-code model [Cortex 33 (1997) 219]...

..It has still not been clearly established whether the cognitive deficits of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) are caused by a disturbance in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics or an underlying metabolic disturbance...

..Neuroaxonal loss is likely to affect commissural and association fibres that subserve the cognitive processes impaired in MS...

..By contrast, instrumental sightreading and matching of written letters and single notes were both well preserved. This complex pattern of impairments can be explained in terms of a selective deficit in the letter name system...

..CONCLUSIONS: Metabolic changes are detectable in presymptomatic mutation carriers years before expected onset of Alzheimer disease. Their magnitude is related to proximity of expected age at onset...

..CONCLUSIONS: The PSEN1 L153V mutation lies in the main mutation cluster of PSEN1 in the second transmembrane domain. It causes early-onset FAD with clinical features similar to those of other reported FAD pedigrees...

..CONCLUSIONS: Behavioral features in familial and sporadic cases were similar, but semantic dementia only occurred in sporadic cases. Diagnostic confusion with Alzheimer disease and corticobasal degeneration occurred in some cases...

..7 (1994) 13] is capable of accounting for all aspects of E.B.'s perseverative behavior...

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..The aim of the present study was to provide a prospective, longitudinal investigation into cognitive function in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage treated with either neurosurgical clipping or endovascular coiling...