Phillip C Calder

Summary

Affiliation: University of Southampton
Country: UK

Publications

  1. ncbi Fatty acids and lymphocyte functions
    P C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, UK
    Br J Nutr 87:S31-48. 2002
  2. ncbi The role of marine omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids in inflammatory processes, atherosclerosis and plaque stability
    Philip C Calder
    Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
    Mol Nutr Food Res 56:1073-80. 2012
  3. ncbi Marine omega-3 fatty acids and coronary heart disease
    Philip C Calder
    Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and Southampton NIHR Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
    Curr Opin Cardiol 27:412-9. 2012
  4. ncbi Long-chain fatty acids and inflammation
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition and Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 71:284-9. 2012
  5. ncbi Mechanisms of action of (n-3) fatty acids
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition and Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
    J Nutr 142:592S-599S. 2012
  6. ncbi Effects of a fish oil containing lipid emulsion on plasma phospholipid fatty acids, inflammatory markers, and clinical outcomes in septic patients: a randomized, controlled clinical trial
    Vera M Barbosa
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, IDS Building, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
    Crit Care 14:R5. 2010
  7. ncbi The relationship between the fatty acid composition of immune cells and their function
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, IDS Building, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 79:101-8. 2008
  8. ncbi Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and human health outcomes
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
    Biofactors 35:266-72. 2009
  9. ncbi Lipid rafts--composition, characterization, and controversies
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton S016 7PX, UK
    J Nutr 137:545-7. 2007
  10. ncbi Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory processes: New twists in an old tale
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, UK
    Biochimie 91:791-5. 2009

Detail Information

Publications82

  1. ncbi Fatty acids and lymphocyte functions
    P C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, UK
    Br J Nutr 87:S31-48. 2002
    ..Recent evidence indicates that fish oil may be of benefit in some asthmatics but not others...
  2. ncbi The role of marine omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids in inflammatory processes, atherosclerosis and plaque stability
    Philip C Calder
    Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
    Mol Nutr Food Res 56:1073-80. 2012
    ..The anti-inflammatory effects of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may contribute to their protective actions towards atherosclerosis and plaque rupture...
  3. ncbi Marine omega-3 fatty acids and coronary heart disease
    Philip C Calder
    Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and Southampton NIHR Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
    Curr Opin Cardiol 27:412-9. 2012
    ..To provide an overview of the key earlier intervention studies with marine omega-3 fatty acids and to review and comment on recent studies reporting on mortality outcomes and on selected underlying mechanisms of action...
  4. ncbi Long-chain fatty acids and inflammation
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition and Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 71:284-9. 2012
    ..Resolvins and protectins are anti-inflammatory and inflammation resolving. Thus, the exposure of inflammatory cells to different types of fatty acids can influence their function and so has the potential to modify inflammatory processes...
  5. ncbi Mechanisms of action of (n-3) fatty acids
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition and Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
    J Nutr 142:592S-599S. 2012
    ..Increasing the contents of EPA and DHA in membranes modifies the pattern of production of these different lipid mediators...
  6. ncbi Effects of a fish oil containing lipid emulsion on plasma phospholipid fatty acids, inflammatory markers, and clinical outcomes in septic patients: a randomized, controlled clinical trial
    Vera M Barbosa
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, IDS Building, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
    Crit Care 14:R5. 2010
    ..The effect of parenteral fish oil in septic patients is not widely studied. This study investigated the effects of parenteral fish oil on plasma phospholipid fatty acids, inflammatory mediators, and clinical outcomes...
  7. ncbi The relationship between the fatty acid composition of immune cells and their function
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, IDS Building, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 79:101-8. 2008
    ..Fatty acids influence immune cell function through a variety of complex mechanisms and these mechanisms are now beginning to be unraveled...
  8. ncbi Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and human health outcomes
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
    Biofactors 35:266-72. 2009
    ..On the basis of the recognized health improvements brought about by long chain omega-3 fatty acids, recommendations have been made to increase their intake...
  9. ncbi Lipid rafts--composition, characterization, and controversies
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton S016 7PX, UK
    J Nutr 137:545-7. 2007
  10. ncbi Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory processes: New twists in an old tale
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, UK
    Biochimie 91:791-5. 2009
    ..Indeed effects on transcription factors that regulate inflammatory gene expression (e.g. nuclear factor kappaB) seem to be important...
  11. ncbi Dietary arachidonic acid: harmful, harmless or helpful?
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East Southampton SO16 7PX UK
    Br J Nutr 98:451-3. 2007
  12. ncbi n-3 fatty acids, inflammation, and immunity--relevance to postsurgical and critically ill patients
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, United Kingdom
    Lipids 39:1147-61. 2004
    ..Studies to date are suggestive of clinical benefits from these approaches, especially in postsurgical patients...
  13. ncbi The 2008 ESPEN Sir David Cuthbertson Lecture: Fatty acids and inflammation--from the membrane to the nucleus and from the laboratory bench to the clinic
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, IDS Building, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
    Clin Nutr 29:5-12. 2010
    ..Studies to date are suggestive of clinical benefits from these approaches, although more robust data are needed especially in critically ill patients...
  14. ncbi Understanding omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition School of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
    Postgrad Med 121:148-57. 2009
    ....
  15. ncbi Branched-chain amino acids and immunity
    Phillip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
    J Nutr 136:288S-93S. 2006
    ..More research is needed to understand the extent of the immune system's requirement for BCAA. It is likely that the essentiality of BCAA for the function of immune cells relates to protein synthesis...
  16. ncbi Session 3: Joint Nutrition Society and Irish Nutrition and Dietetic Institute Symposium on 'Nutrition and autoimmune disease' PUFA, inflammatory processes and rheumatoid arthritis
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, IDS Building, MP887, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 67:409-18. 2008
    ..Randomised clinical trials have demonstrated a range of clinical benefits in patients with RA that include reducing pain, duration of morning stiffness and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs...
  17. ncbi Immunological parameters: what do they mean?
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 7PX, United Kingdom
    J Nutr 137:773S-80S. 2007
    ..However, it is not clear how the variation in immune function among healthy individuals relates to variation in susceptibility to infection...
  18. ncbi Glucose metabolism in lymphoid and inflammatory cells and tissues
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
    Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 10:531-40. 2007
    ..To examine the role of glucose as a fuel for immune cells and the influence of glucose supply on immune-cell functional responses...
  19. ncbi Early nutrition and immunity - progress and perspectives
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Br J Nutr 96:774-90. 2006
    ..This report summarizes the content of the lectures and the subsequent discussions...
  20. ncbi Immunonutrition in surgical and critically ill patients
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
    Br J Nutr 98:S133-9. 2007
    ..There is a view that this is due to a high arginine content driving nitric oxide production...
  21. ncbi Use of fish oil in parenteral nutrition: Rationale and reality
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 65:264-77. 2006
    ..Studies to date are suggestive of clinical benefits from these approaches, especially in patients post surgery, although evidence of clinical benefit in patients with sepsis is emerging...
  22. ncbi Immunomodulation by omega-3 fatty acids
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition and School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 77:327-35. 2007
    ..These effects appear to mediated at the membrane level suggesting important roles of fatty acids in membrane order, lipid raft structure and function and membrane trafficking...
  23. ncbi n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation, and inflammatory diseases
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
    Am J Clin Nutr 83:1505S-1519S. 2006
    ..The precursor n-3 PUFA alpha-linolenic acid does not appear to exert antiinflammatory effects at achievable intakes...
  24. ncbi Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 75:197-202. 2006
    ..The anti-inflammatory actions of long chain n-3 fatty acid-induced effects may be of therapeutic use in conditions with an acute or chronic inflammatory component...
  25. ncbi Polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammatory processes and inflammatory bowel diseases
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
    Mol Nutr Food Res 52:885-97. 2008
    ..Clinical outcomes have been variably affected by fish oil, although some trials report improved gut histology, decreased disease activity, use of corticosteroids and relapse...
  26. ncbi Fatty acids and immune function: relevance to inflammatory bowel diseases
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
    Int Rev Immunol 28:506-34. 2009
    ..Little attention has been paid to the influence of fatty acids on the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. However, there has been considerable interest in fatty acids and gut inflammation...
  27. ncbi Glutamine and the immune system
    P C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
    Amino Acids 17:227-41. 1999
    ..Indeed, the provision of glutamine to patients following bone marrow transplantation resulted in a lower level of infection and a shorter stay in hospital than for patients receiving glutamine-free parenteral nutrition...
  28. ncbi Hot topics in parenteral nutrition. Rationale for using new lipid emulsions in parenteral nutrition and a review of the trials performed in adults
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 68:252-60. 2009
    ....
  29. ncbi Dietary modification of inflammation with lipids
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 61:345-58. 2002
    ..There are indications that inclusion of n-3 PUFA in enteral and parenteral formulas might be beneficial to patients in intensive care or post-surgery...
  30. ncbi The immune system: a target for functional foods?
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, UK
    Br J Nutr 88:S165-77. 2002
    ..There is increasing evidence that probiotic bacteria improve host immune function. The effect of enhancing immune function on host resistance to infection in healthy individuals is not clear...
  31. ncbi Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, cardiovascular disease and stability of atherosclerotic plaques
    P C Calder
    Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Division and Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
    Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 56:28-37. 2010
    ..These findings are supported from observations in an animal model and suggest that the primary effect of long-chain n-3 fatty acids might be on macrophages within the plaque...
  32. ncbi Long-chain n-3 fatty acids and inflammation: potential application in surgical and trauma patients
    P C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
    Braz J Med Biol Res 36:433-46. 2003
    ..Fish oil decreases the host metabolic response and improves survival to endotoxin in laboratory animals. Recently clinical studies performed in various patient groups have indicated benefit from this approach...
  33. ncbi Omega-3 fatty acids and inflammatory processes
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
    Nutrients 2:355-74. 2010
    ..The anti-inflammatory effects of marine n-3 PUFAs suggest that they may be useful as therapeutic agents in disorders with an inflammatory component...
  34. ncbi Polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation, and immunity
    P C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton 5016 7PX, United Kingdom
    Lipids 36:1007-24. 2001
    ....
  35. ncbi N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation: from molecular biology to the clinic
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, United Kingdom
    Lipids 38:343-52. 2003
    ..There are indications that the inclusion of fish oil in enteral and parenteral formulae is beneficial to patients...
  36. ncbi Fatty acids and inflammation: the cutting edge between food and pharma
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Institute of Developmental Sciences Building, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
    Eur J Pharmacol 668:S50-8. 2011
    ..The anti-inflammatory effects of marine n-3 fatty acids may contribute to their protective actions towards atherosclerosis, plaque rupture and cardiovascular mortality. The therapeutic dose of n-3 fatty acids is not clear...
  37. ncbi Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation
    P C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Biochem Soc Trans 33:423-7. 2005
    ..For example, they result in suppressed production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and can modulate adhesion molecule expression. These effects occur at the level of altered gene expression...
  38. ncbi Is there a role for fatty acids in early life programming of the immune system?
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition and Institute of Developmental Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, IDS Building, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 69:373-80. 2010
    ..Fish oil supplementation in infancy may decrease the risk of developing some manifestations of allergic disease, but whether this benefit persists as other factors come into play remains to be determined...
  39. ncbi Polyunsaturated fatty acids and rheumatoid arthritis
    P C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 4:115-21. 2001
    ..However, it is unclear what the optimal dosage of the fatty acids is, or whether there would be extra benefit from using them in combination...
  40. ncbi Rationale and use of n-3 fatty acids in artificial nutrition
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, IDS Building, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 69:565-73. 2010
    ....
  41. ncbi A novel effect of eicosapentaenoic acid: improved diaphragm strength in endotoxemia
    Philip C Calder
    School of Medicine, University of Southampton, IDS Building, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
    Crit Care 14:143. 2010
    ..EPA is found in fish oils. EPA reduces calpain activation, suggesting a specific effect on this proteolytic pathway. It will be important to identify whether this effect occurs in patients receiving EPA...
  42. ncbi n-3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: evidence explained and mechanisms explored
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Clin Sci (Lond) 107:1-11. 2004
    ..As a result of the robust evidence in their favour, a number of recommendations to increase intake of long-chain n-3 PUFAs have been made...
  43. ncbi Lipid emulsions in parenteral nutrition of intensive care patients: current thinking and future directions
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
    Intensive Care Med 36:735-49. 2010
    ..Lipids provide a key source of calories within PN formulations, preventing or correcting energy deficits and improving outcomes...
  44. ncbi Polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation and immunity
    P C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
    Eur J Clin Nutr 56:S14-9. 2002
    ..Such n-3 fatty acid-induced effects may be of use as a therapy for acute and chronic inflammation, and for disorders which involve an inappropriately activated immune response...
  45. ncbi Lack of effect of foods enriched with plant- or marine-derived n-3 fatty acids on human immune function
    Samantha Kew
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
    Am J Clin Nutr 77:1287-95. 2003
    ..CONCLUSION: An intake of <or= 9.5 g ALA/d or <or= 1.7 g EPA+DHA/d does not alter the functional activity of neutrophils, monocytes, or lymphocytes, but it changes the fatty acid composition of mononuclear cells...
  46. ncbi Peripheral blood mononuclear cell fatty acid composition and inflammatory mediator production in adult Crohn's disease
    Timothy M Trebble
    School of Medicine, Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Clin Nutr 23:647-55. 2004
    ..CONCLUSIONS: CD is associated with a greater availability, and not a deficiency, of n-3 PUFA in PBMC, but lower concentrations of AA, and lower rates of production of PGE2 and IFN-gamma, compared to healthy controls...
  47. ncbi Comparison of the effects of linseed oil and different doses of fish oil on mononuclear cell function in healthy human subjects
    Fiona A Wallace
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Br J Nutr 89:679-89. 2003
    ..The threshold of EPA+DHA intake that results in decreased IL-6 production is between 0.44 and 0.94 g/d...
  48. ncbi Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from highly concentrated n-3 fatty acid ethyl esters is incorporated into advanced atherosclerotic plaques and higher plaque EPA is associated with decreased plaque inflammation and increased stability
    Abbie L Cawood
    School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
    Atherosclerosis 212:252-9. 2010
    ..To examine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) incorporation into atherosclerotic plaques and the association with plaque inflammation and stability...
  49. ncbi Relation between the fatty acid composition of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and measures of immune cell function in healthy, free-living subjects aged 25-72 y
    Samantha Kew
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
    Am J Clin Nutr 77:1278-86. 2003
    ..CONCLUSION: Variations in the fatty acid composition of PBMC phospholipids account for some of the variability in immune cell functions among healthy adults...
  50. ncbi Polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in young men and women consuming their habitual diets
    Lucy Bakewell
    Institute of Human Nutrition, Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Division, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Br J Nutr 96:93-9. 2006
    ..Overall, the present data support the suggestion that greater DHA synthesis in women than men results in a higher DHA concentration in plasma lipids...
  51. ncbi Inhibition of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 production by mononuclear cells following dietary fish-oil supplementation in healthy men and response to antioxidant co-supplementation
    Timothy Trebble
    The Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Br J Nutr 90:405-12. 2003
    ..Thus, increased dietary n-3 PUFA consumption resulted in defined but contrasting patterns of modulation of phospholipid fatty acid composition and PBMC function, which were further influenced by antioxidant intake...
  52. ncbi The effect of feeding structured triacylglycerols enriched in eicosapentaenoic or docosahexaenoic acids on murine splenocyte fatty acid composition and leucocyte phagocytosis
    Samantha Kew
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Br J Nutr 90:1071-80. 2003
    ..Thus, there appears to be an influence of the position of EPA, but not of DHA, in dietary TAG on its incorporation into cell phospholipids and on the activity of phagocytic cells...
  53. ncbi Fatty acids and gene expression related to inflammation
    Philip C Calder
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, UK
    Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Clin Perform Programme 7:19-36; discussion 36-40. 2002
  54. ncbi Polymorphisms in the CD36 gene modulate the ability of fish oil supplements to lower fasting plasma triacyl glycerol and raise HDL cholesterol concentrations in healthy middle-aged men
    Jacqueline Madden
    Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
    Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 78:327-35. 2008
    ..The TAG-lowering effects may be via stimulation of CD36 activity in extrahepatic tissue in individuals with the GG variants of these SNPs...
  55. ncbi Role of single nucleotide polymorphisms of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes in the relationship between serum lipids and inflammatory parameters, and the lipid-lowering effect of fish oil in healthy males
    Olivera Markovic
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, S016 7PX, UK
    Clin Nutr 23:1084-95. 2004
    ..Fish oil has lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties. The influence of cytokine gene polymorphisms on the interaction between adiposity, inflammation and the properties of fish oil is unknown...
  56. ncbi The polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of hepatic and plasma lipids differ by both sex and dietary fat intake in rats
    Caroline E Childs
    Institute of Human Nutrition and Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Division, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    J Nutr 140:245-50. 2010
    ..Together, these findings show that sex is an important determinant of the effect of variations in fat and fatty acid intake on LCPUFA status, which may have implications for recommendations for fat and fatty acid intake in humans...
  57. ncbi Association of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with stability of atherosclerotic plaques: a randomised controlled trial
    Frank Thies
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Basset Crescent East, Southampton, UK
    Lancet 361:477-85. 2003
    ..Stability of plaques could explain reductions in non-fatal and fatal cardiovascular events associated with increased n-3 PUFA intake...
  58. ncbi The influence of different combinations of gamma-linolenic acid, stearidonic acid and EPA on immune function in healthy young male subjects
    Elizabeth A Miles
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Br J Nutr 91:893-903. 2004
    ..At this dose EPA increases IgG2 concentrations. STA can increase immune cell EPA status, but at 1.0 g/d does not affect human immune function...
  59. ncbi The influence of different combinations of gamma-linolenic, stearidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids on the fatty acid composition of blood lipids and mononuclear cells in human volunteers
    Elizabeth A Miles
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 70:529-38. 2004
    ..Such effects may offer new strategies for manipulation of cell composition in order to influence cellular responses and functions in desirable ways...
  60. ncbi Olive oil in parenteral nutrition
    Aleix Sala Vila
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
    Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 10:165-74. 2007
    ..The purpose of this review is to provide background information about the rationale for this emulsion, to collate and synthesize the literature about it, and to highlight recent studies in which it has been used...
  61. ncbi Incorporation of cis-9,trans-11 or trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid into plasma and cellular lipids in healthy men
    Graham C Burdge
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 7PX UK
    J Lipid Res 45:736-41. 2004
    ..These data suggest that the level of intake is a major determinant of plasma and PBMC CLA content, although PBMCs appear to incorporate both CLA isomers less readily...
  62. ncbi Production of lymphocyte-derived cytokines by whole umbilical cord blood cultures stimulated with mitogens and allergens
    Elizabeth A Miles
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Cytokine 21:74-83. 2003
    ..IL-10 was induced with mitogen and allergen stimulation. Thus, this study has established conditions for assessing production of lymphocyte-derived cytokines in a simple whole umbilical cord blood culture system...
  63. ncbi Prostaglandin E2 production and T cell function after fish-oil supplementation: response to antioxidant cosupplementation
    Timothy M Trebble
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
    Am J Clin Nutr 78:376-82. 2003
    ..The effects of fish oil on lymphocyte proliferation and production of IFN-gamma and IL-4 are unclear and may be influenced by the availability of antioxidants...
  64. ncbi Effect of reduced maternal protein intake in pregnancy in the rat on the fatty acid composition of brain, liver, plasma, heart and lung phospholipids of the offspring after weaning
    Graham C Burdge
    Institute of Human Nutrition, Biomedical Sciences Building 62, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Br J Nutr 90:345-52. 2003
    ..These results suggest that restricted maternal protein intake during pregnancy results in persistent alterations to membrane fatty acid content...
  65. ncbi Gene polymorphisms, inflammatory diseases and cancer
    W Martin Howell
    Histocompatibilizy and Immunogenetics Laboratory Human Genetics Division, Southampton University Hospitals, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 61:447-56. 2002
    ..In addition, preliminary work suggests that dietary modulation of expression levels of certain cytokines in healthy human subjects may be genotype dependent...
  66. ncbi The effect of three lipid emulsions differing in fatty acid composition on growth, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line
    Aleix Sala-Vila
    Institute of Human Nutrition and Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Division, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
    Clin Nutr 29:519-24. 2010
    ..The aim was to confirm this finding and to compare such an emulsion with an alternative to lowered n-6 fatty acid exposure...
  67. ncbi Fish oil and antioxidants alter the composition and function of circulating mononuclear cells in Crohn disease
    Timothy M Trebble
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
    Am J Clin Nutr 80:1137-44. 2004
    ..Fish oil rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) reduces disease activity in patients with CD with raised laboratory markers of inflammation and in healthy subjects alters PBMC function...
  68. ncbi Fish oil induced increase in walking distance, but not ankle brachial pressure index, in peripheral arterial disease is dependent on both body mass index and inflammatory genotype
    Jacqueline Madden
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, and Department of Vascular Surgery, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
    Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 76:331-40. 2007
    ..Neither BMI nor any of the genotypes examined affected the ability of fish oil to increase ABPI. The mechanisms by which fish oil affects walking distance and ABPI do not appear to be the same...
  69. ncbi Differential anti-inflammatory effects of phenolic compounds from extra virgin olive oil identified in human whole blood cultures
    Elizabeth A Miles
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
    Nutrition 21:389-94. 2005
    ..This study investigated the effects of phenolic compounds found in extra virgin olive oil on inflammatory mediator production by human mononuclear cells...
  70. ncbi Lack of effect of meal fatty acid composition on postprandial lipid, glucose and insulin responses in men and women aged 50-65 years consuming their habitual diets
    Graham C Burdge
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 7PX, UK
    Br J Nutr 96:489-500. 2006
    ..These results suggest that differences in meal fatty acid composition exert little or no effect on postprandial changes in plasma lipids, glucose and insulin concentrations...
  71. ncbi Self-reported health problems in young male subjects supplementing their diet with oils rich in eicosapentaenoic, gamma-linolenic and stearidonic acids
    Elizabeth A Miles
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 75:57-60. 2006
  72. ncbi Prebiotics, immune function, infection and inflammation: a review of the evidence
    Amy R Lomax
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK
    Br J Nutr 101:633-58. 2009
    ....
  73. ncbi Limited effect of eicosapentaenoic acid on T-lymphocyte and natural killer cell numbers and functions in healthy young males
    Elizabeth A Miles
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
    Nutrition 22:512-9. 2006
    ....
  74. ncbi Conversion of alpha-linolenic acid to longer-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in human adults
    Graham C Burdge
    Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
    Reprod Nutr Dev 45:581-97. 2005
    ..Capacity to up-regulate alphaLNA conversion in women may be important for meeting the demands of the fetus and neonate for DHA...
  75. ncbi High-dose fish oil and antioxidants in Crohn's disease and the response of bone turnover: a randomised controlled trial
    Timothy M Trebble
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
    Br J Nutr 94:253-61. 2005
    ..Dietary supplementation in Crohn's disease with high intakes of EPA and DHA, as fish oil, plus antioxidants was associated with a modulated production of interferon-gamma by PBMC but not altered indices of bone turnover...
  76. ncbi Effects of polyphenols on human Th1 and Th2 cytokine production
    Elizabeth A Miles
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Clin Nutr 24:780-4. 2005
    ..Numerous phenolic compounds are consumed in the diet in a range of foods. There are very few studies of the effects of these compounds on the production of lymphocyte-derived cytokines...
  77. ncbi Hsp70 expression in monocytes from patients with peripheral arterial disease and healthy controls: monocyte Hsp70 in PAD
    Jacqueline Madden
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, IDS Building, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Cell Biol Toxicol 26:215-23. 2010
    ..Therefore, we wished to examine monocyte Hsp70 expression and induction in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and in healthy controls...
  78. ncbi Plasma cytokine response during the postprandial period: a potential causal process in vascular disease?
    Graham C Burdge
    Institute of Human Nutrition, Developmental Origins of Adult Health and Disease Division, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
    Br J Nutr 93:3-9. 2005
    ..Based on these results, we propose a model of a causal mechanism to explain how consumption of a fatty meal may impair vascular dysfunction...
  79. ncbi Incorporation of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid and vaccenic acid (trans-11 18 : 1) into plasma and leucocyte lipids in healthy men consuming dairy products naturally enriched in these fatty acids
    Graham C Burdge
    Institute of Human Nutrition, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Southhampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southhampton, S016 7PX, UK
    Br J Nutr 94:237-43. 2005
    ..001) and PBMC (84 %; P = 0.004). Overall, the present study shows that consumption of naturally enriched dairy products in amounts similar to habitual intakes of these foods increased the c9,t11 CLA content of plasma and cellular lipids...
  80. ncbi Gender differences in the n-3 fatty acid content of tissues
    Caroline E Childs
    School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 67:19-27. 2008
    ..These findings suggest that sex hormones act to modify plasma and tissue n-3 PUFA content, possibly by altering the expression of desaturase and elongase enzymes in the liver, which is currently under investigation...
  81. ncbi Age-related increases in circulating inflammatory markers in men are independent of BMI, blood pressure and blood lipid concentrations
    Elizabeth A Miles
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton, Hampshire SO16 7PX, United Kingdom
    Atherosclerosis 196:298-305. 2008
    ..To examine whether age-related increase in concentrations of circulating inflammatory mediators is due to concurrent increases in cardiovascular risk factors or is independent of these...
  82. ncbi The ability of fish oil to suppress tumor necrosis factor alpha production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in healthy men is associated with polymorphisms in genes that influence tumor necrosis factor alpha production
    Robert F Grimble
    Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, and the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Division, School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
    Am J Clin Nutr 76:454-9. 2002
    ..Polymorphisms in the TNF-alpha and lymphotoxin alpha genes influence TNF-alpha production. Fish oil suppresses TNF-alpha production and has variable antiinflammatory effects on disease...