D Timothy Bishop

..Despite wide variation in allele frequency, these genetic variants show notable homogeneity of effect across populations of European ancestry living at different latitudes and show independent association to disease risk...

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..03 for linear trend). These data provide evidence to support the view that vitamin D and VDR may have a small but potentially important role in melanoma susceptibility, and putatively a greater role in disease progression...

..Increased number of melanocytic nevi is a potent melanoma risk factor. We have carried out a large population-based case-control study to explore the environmental and genetic determinants of nevi and the relationship with melanoma risk...

..6 × 10(-7) under a fixed-effects model and P = 1.2 × 10(-3) under a random-effects model). These newly associated variants showed no association with nevus or pigmentation phenotypes in a large British case-control series...

..The presence of increased numbers of nevi, large nevi and clinically atypical nevi on the body are robust risk factors for melanoma showing little variation in relative risk among studies performed at different latitudes...

..We report the determinants of serum levels of vitamin D in a U.K. melanoma case-control study benefitting from detailed exposure and genotyping data...

..A melanoma case-control study was conducted to elucidate the complex relationship between sun exposure and risk...

..In addition, we found that there was no association between the BRAF genotype and mean total number of banal or atypical nevi in either the cases or controls...

..To use gene expression profiling of formalin-fixed primary melanoma samples to detect expression patterns that are predictive of relapse and response to chemotherapy...

..There was no association between reduced gene dosage at 9p21.3 and subtype or site of tumor. This study presents supportive evidence that CDKN2B, P14ARF, and CDKN2A may all play a tumor suppressor role in melanoma progression...

..78; 95% CI, 0.65-0.94) with some support from the nine smaller data sets considered together (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.67-1.04). The data are suggestive of a survival benefit for inherited MC1R variants in melanoma patients...

..The relatively low rate of CDKN2A mutation detection is not due to failure to detect mutations and implies the existence of other high penetrance melanoma susceptibility genes...

..Melanoma risk is related to sun exposure; we have investigated risk variation by tumour site and latitude...

..We hypothesized that SNPs in DSB signalling genes may modulate predisposition to bladder cancer and influence the effects of environmental exposures...

..The previous association between XRCC3 and melanoma may be a result of the choice of control group and we emphasize the need for appropriate choice of controls...

..If validated, these findings may give further insight into the biology of bladder carcinogenesis, allow testing of the RAD51 SNP as a potential predictive biomarker and also reveal potential targets for new cancer treatments...

..A cohort study was carried out to test the hypothesis that higher vitamin D levels reduce the risk of relapse from melanoma...

..MRE11 expression may ultimately allow patient selection for radiotherapy or cystectomy, thus improving overall cure rates...

..To clarify the situation, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 14 XRCC1 polymorphisms in a case-control study involving more than 1100 subjects...

..Prevention advice to families relates to moderation of sun exposure and self-examination of naevi, although there are few supportive data...

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..As one of the first attempts to replicate a pathway-level association, our results suggest that low power and heterogeneity may present challenges...

..The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Illumina DASL Array Human Cancer Panel for gene expression studies in formalin-fixed melanoma primary tumors and to identify prognostic biomarkers...

..06), GSTP1 (p=0.16, with p=0.02 after adjustment for potential confounders) and NQO1 predicted phenotype (p=0.01). Because of the multiple hypotheses tested in our study, these findings require independent confirmation...

..To identify lifestyle factors affecting risk of relapse...

..Of the 25% of variation attributable to environmental influences, one-third is estimated to be because of sun exposure on hot holidays...

..An initial sample size of 50 individuals is sufficient in most situations investigated, which involved selection from a set of 7 SNPs, although to select a larger number of SNPs, a larger initial sample size may be required...

..We examined the penetrance of such mutations using data from eight groups from Europe, Australia and the United States that are part of The Melanoma Genetics Consortium...

..There is evidence of one at 1p22. The Melanoma Genetics Consortium (www.genomel.org) continues to explore this and the genetic epidemiology of the CDKN2A locus...

..618A > G, to be in strong linkage disequilibrium with c.1496T. Here we determined if these two 3'UTR variants can affect mRNA stability and assessed the impact of all three variants on mRNA and protein expression...

..5 nevi in those without, p = 0.02). After allowing for potential confounders this was not evident in the population-based sample...

..Differential bias could be a more serious threat and must be minimised by strictly controlling all the aspects of DNA acquisition, storage, and processing...

..Overall, the results indicate that no single major locus can account for the majority of the familial aggregation of TGCT, and suggests that multiple susceptibility loci with weak effects contribute to the disease...

..Candidate genes include the interleukin 1 cluster and two potential regulators of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, PLA2R1 and OSBPL6...