A Joiner

..Thus, black tea and red wine components have been shown to have a profound effect on in vitro pellicle maturation, causing thickened layers of stained material to build up, which are not readily removed...

..To review the available literature investigating the effects of peroxide-based products and solutions on enamel and dentine properties...

..To determine the enamel abrasivity of three whitening toothpastes and a silica toothpaste and to measure the brushing forces used...

..To review current knowledge of tooth whitening with respect to external bleaching methods...

..Thus, following exposure to chlorhexidine, the accelerated adsorption of salivary and black tea components can ultimately lead to increased staining of the pellicle...

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..To determine the protective nature of pellicle towards toothpaste abrasion...

..To review current knowledge on the definition of tooth whiteness and its application within dentistry, together with the measured range of tooth colours...

..To investigate a new optical approach to tooth whitening by enhancing the measurement and perception of tooth whiteness using blue coloured materials deposited onto the tooth surface...

..To investigate the stain removal ability, abrasivity towards enamel and dentine, and fluoride efficacy of a new silica based blue covarine whitening toothpaste in vitro...

..In addition, this toothpaste has been shown not to have an undue degree of abrasivity to enamel or dentine compared to other relevant commercially available products, and is an efficacious source of fluoride...

..The aim of this study was to compare the enamel abrasivity of a whitening toothpaste with a standard silica toothpaste...

..To review and summarise the whitening agents contained within tooth whitening toothpaste formulations, their mode of action in tooth whitening, and the in vitro and clinical methods used to evaluate and demonstrate their efficacy...

..To determine the enamel and dentine wear of two whitening toothpastes using an in situ model with ex vivo brushing...

..To review current knowledge with respect to tooth colour and its measurement...

..In addition, to determine the levels of peroxide found in tooth pulp chambers after treatment with XW in vitro...

..Therefore, black tea and its polyphenol components are indicated to have a profound effect on in vitro pellicle modification. Similar effects were observed for tannic acid...

..The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of a novel 6% hydrogen peroxide containing tooth whitener, Xtra White (XW), on enamel and dentine microhardness in vitro...

..In order to understand the clinical relevance of dentifrice abrasivity on the dentition in vivo, an in situ enamel wear model has been developed...

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..To determine the rates of enamel and dentine wear in situ during tooth brushing with a range of five toothpastes of differing RDA and REA values...

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..930). CONCLUSIONS: This study has demonstrated a rapid technique for the simultaneous investigation of the abrasive wear of toothpaste on enamel and dentine. There was a good correlation between median dentine wear and RDA values...

..To evaluate the effects of a 6% hydrogen peroxide tooth whitener, Xtra White, on sound human enamel microhardness in vitro after an extended and exaggerated simulated 8 weeks of product use...

..The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of a novel silica-based blue covarine whitening toothpaste on the colour of anterior restoration materials...

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..To assess the reproducibility of a mobile non-contact camera-based digital imaging system (DIS) for measuring tooth colour under in vitro and in vivo conditions...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a novel 6% hydrogen peroxide gel on the surface morphology of dental gold, amalgam, porcelain and composite...