R J Stubbs

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..We assessed the effect of graded increases in exercised-induced energy expenditure (EE) on appetite, daily energy intake (EI), total daily EE and body weight in six lean women using a within-subject, repeated measures design...

..It is not clear how decreased activity quantitatively affects energy balance (EB) in subjects feeding ad libitum...

..These changes were significant, small but persistent, amounting to approximately 0.2 and approximately 0.35 MJ/day for EI and EE, respectively...

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..To assess the effect of graded increases in exercised-induced energy expenditure (EE) on appetite, energy intake (EI), total daily EE and body weight in men living in their normal environment and consuming their usual diets...

..Although it is easier to overeat on high fat than low fat foods, simply replacing fat with carbohydrate in the diet may not be as protective against overconsumption as the energy density or fat-sugar seesaw arguments suggest...

..The fact that olestra-based foods have the potential to provide the sensory qualities of real fat suggests that these foods may be particularly effective in habitual high-fat consumers with a sensory preference for dietary fat...

..To examine the effect of increasing the variety of sensorially distinct but nutritionally identical foods on appetite, food intake and body weight, over 7 days, in men...

..These data suggest that the EARS is a useful and reliable technique for real-time data collection in appetite research but that it should not be used interchangeably with paper and pen techniques...

..However, subjects appear to exhibit a significantly more constrained use of the scale when using the EARS relative to the P&P. For this reason it is recommended that the two techniques are not used interchangeably...

..More progress has been made in identifying peripheral signals and some of their connections to the brain than in understanding their quantitative importance for normal feeding...

..Average percentage protein:fat:carbohydrate (by energy) and energy density (ED) of the two diets were 13:25:62, 371 kJ/100 g and 13:50:37, 672 kJ/100 g, respectively...

..To compare energy expenditure (EE) measured by doubly labeled water (DLW) with other measures, both physical and based on subjective questionnaires...

..This study examined how a 36 h fast effected the subsequent day's energy and nutrient intake in a group of 24 healthy, lean men and women...

..3 to +4.2 MJ). However, the difference was greater for those reporting higher than average energy intakes because of higher REIs on weekend days. Food intake reporting periods of longer than 3 days and ideally 7 days are preferable...

..The new electronic VAS produces comparable, but not interchangeable, results to the traditional pen and paper method in the study of appetite and mood, while offering advantages of improved reliability in data collection...

..This study examined whether HF diets promote higher levels of energy intake when isoenergetically dense (IE) relative to LF (high carbohydrate) diets, as predicted by glucostatic and glycogenostatic models for energy intake regulation...

..This model has some important implications for the interpretations that we place on the molecular events in the brain, and ultimately in the search for pharmaceutical agents for alleviation of obesity...

..This also opens up possibilities for the control of body weight and the treatment of obesity in man...

..However, the degree of compensation varied considerably among individuals. The present study captured the initial compensation in EI for exercise-induced energy deficits. Total compensation would take a matter of weeks...

..Under some conditions HC diets promote excess energy intakes. There is little evidence that a CHO-rich diet, or one with intense sweeteners, promotes spontaneous weight loss...

..We aimed to determine whether circulating alpha-MSH and AgRP are responsive to long-term perturbations in energy balance, in a manner consistent with their central putative functions...

..We suggest that activation of cortisol secretion is not an irreversible intrinsic abnormality in obese patients, and speculate that dietary content has an important influence on the neuroendocrine response to weight loss...

..It was concluded that no adaptive changes in urea kinetics occurred in response to either the different rate or extent of weight loss...

..An acute reduction in GSH synthesis in response to a rapid weight loss may constitute a risk factor during periods of increased GSH demands...

..Rather, other attributes of Ensure must be more important, such as its intrinsic flavour, liquid formulation, macronutrient composition, and ease of ingestion, digestion and absorption...

..This could not be explained by changes in a variety of metabolic and hormonal signals within the time frame studied...

..Previous investigations suggest continuous tube feeding (TF) schedules do not suppress appetite and food intake, but bolus TF has been little studied...