Julian Peto

..No biallelic mutations were detected among 354 controls. These results confirm that biallelic MYH mutations confer susceptibility to colorectal cancer but are unlikely to account for more than 3% of early-onset colorectal cancer...

..There is an urgent need for well-designed intervention studies of the long-term effectiveness of alternative diets to provide a basis for evidence-based recommendations...

..Persistence of oncogenic HPV may be more sensitive and specific than cytology for early detection of CIN3 and invasive cancer...

..Recent reports suggest that the reduction in mortality achieved by the UK national cervical screening programme is too small to justify its financial and psychosocial costs, except perhaps in a few high-risk women...

..Our aim was to identify common variants in genes involved in sex steroid synthesis or metabolism that are associated with hormone levels and the risk of breast cancer in premenopausal women...

..We aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of patients who were randomly assigned to EPP or no EPP in the context of trimodal therapy in the Mesothelioma and Radical Surgery (MARS) feasibility study...

..94 or >1.08. One or more of these variants may be associated with a very small OR for breast cancer, but our data suggest that the effects of these alleles are cancer site-specific...

..ACCESSION NUMBERS: The microarray data and associated .BED and .WIG files can be accessed through Gene Expression Omnibus accession number: GSE14603...

..This can be explained by incomplete linkage disequilibrium between the tested marker and the underlying causal variant...

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..Genome-wide association studies have identified several common genetic variants associated with breast cancer risk. It is likely, however, that a substantial proportion of such loci have not yet been discovered...

..Our aim was to measure the risk of breast cancer in relatives of women with bilateral breast cancer who were carriers of this allele...

..A risk score incorporating a suitably weighted sum of all potentially functional variants in these and a few other candidate genes may provide clinically useful identification of women at high genetic risk...

..Our recent genome-wide association study identified a novel breast cancer susceptibility locus at 9q31.2 (rs865686)...

..Most of these hormone-density associations were attenuated with further adjustment for BMI...

..4, 95% CI: 1.7-11.2) was stronger than that of earlier (> 5 years ago) partners (OR for 2+ earlier partners: 2.2, 95% CI: 0.7-6.7) suggesting that most incident HPV infections are newly acquired rather than recurrent...

..Most of the excess cancer risks in hereditary retinoblastoma survivors might be preventable by limiting exposures to DNA damaging agents (radiotherapy, tobacco, and UV light)...

..We examine certified causes of death of patients who have been diagnosed with mesothelioma, and assess the validity of death certification data as a proxy for mesothelioma incidence...

..The question was whether randomization to surgery versus no surgery would be possible...

..Further large studies, or combined analysis of data from existing studies, are needed to quantify these effects more precisely...

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..Information from 24 studies worldwide is pooled here to investigate the association between cervical carcinoma and pattern of oral contraceptive use...

..To investigate the proportion of breast cancers arising in patients with germ line BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations expressing basal markers and developing predictive tests for identification of high-risk patients...

..001). This heterogeneity could reflect either population-specific linkage disequilibrium with a functional variant or artifacts such as population stratification or publication bias...

..Little is known of the onset of breast cancer in high-risk populations. We investigated the risk of breast cancer in twin sisters and in the contralateral breast taking family history into consideration...

..25-fold increased risk of prostate cancer, with no effect for the two other variants, indicates that the effects of the risk alleles clustered at 8q24 are cancer site specific...

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..Cancer patients with affected relatives are considerably more informative than unselected cases for such studies...

..shtml in order to facilitate the identification of low penetrance CRC susceptibility alleles through pooled analyses...

..05 level compared with an estimated 1,343 that would be expected by chance, indicating that many additional common susceptibility alleles may be identifiable by this approach...

..This suggests that any effect of these two variants would be very small and possibly confined to subgroups that were not assessed in our present study...

..Currently, there are no comparable estimates of the short-term risk of disease progression in the absence of effective antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults and children...

..Targeting ECRs appears to be a useful strategy for identifying a subset of potentially functional non-coding regulatory SNPs...

..10 (95% CI = 1.04 to 1.17, P = .001). Among the combined subset of 2795 familial breast cancer patients, the respective ORs were 1.27 (95% CI = 1.12 to 1.45, P = .0003) and 1.16 (95% CI = 1.06 to 1.27, P = .001)...

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