Rudolf Uher

..This framework points to a need for a paradigm change in genetic research to enable major progress in elucidating the aetiology of mental illness...

..The aim of the present study is to investigate the course and predictors of emergence and worsening of suicidal ideation during tricyclic antidepressant and serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment...

..The authors performed a genome-wide association analysis of improvement of depression severity with two antidepressant drugs...

..The present report explores the moderation of antidepressant response by body weight to establish the specificity to antidepressant mode of action, type of depressive symptoms and gender...

..We explore alternative categorization of outcome by naturally occurring trajectories of symptom change...

..Among men, genetic variation in noradrenergic signaling may interact with norepinephrine reuptake-inhibiting antidepressants, thereby contributing to suicidality...

..We investigated clinical and demographic characteristics associated with SA and tested the hypothesis that a history of suicide attempts predicts poor response to antidepressants...

..While treatment with nortriptyline may be recommended in underweight subjects with typical neurovegetative symptoms, escitalopram is a suitable alternative for subjects at risk of weight gain...

..We hypothesised that the pharmacogenetic effect of 5-HTTLPR is modulated by gender, age and other variants in the serotonin transporter gene...

..Our results are consistent with previous associations with GNB3 and emphasize the importance of signalling genes in antidepressant response...

..Adverse drug reactions are important determinants of non-adherence to antidepressant treatment, but their assessment is complicated by overlap with depressive symptoms and lack of reliable self-report measures...

..Insula hyperactivation along with ACC hypoactivation may be critical for altered interoceptive awareness to body self-comparison and/or for altered implicit motivation to thin-idealized body images in AN patients...

..To investigate whether subtypes of depression predict differential outcomes of treatment with selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and a tricyclic antidepressant in major depression...

..Tricyclic antidepressants and serotonin reuptake inhibitors are considered to be equally effective, but differences may have been obscured by internally inconsistent measurement scales and inefficient statistical analyses...

..04). This study provides the first focussed analysis of the genetic contribution to AAO in depression, and establishes a statistical framework that can be applied to a quantitative trait underlying any disorder...

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..The single marker associations explained only a small proportion of variance in response to antidepressants, indicating a need for a multivariate approach to prediction...

..These findings review the primary analysis of GENDEP and suggest that, when non-random dropout is accounted for, escitalopram is more effective than nortriptyline in reducing symptoms of major depression...

..There is some evidence to suggest that SLEs prior to treatment are associated with greater cognitive symptoms at baseline and may therefore predict changes in these symptoms specifically...

..Suicidal behaviour can be conceptualised as a continuum from suicidal ideation, to suicidal attempts to completed suicide. In this study we identify genes contributing to suicidal behaviour in the depression study RADIANT...

..We explore the individual trajectories of relative change in depression severity to establish what proportion of individuals experience early and late onset of improvement...

..Patients with eating disorders favor immediate gratification and ignore long-term negative consequences. This study investigated decision making in bulimia nervosa using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and skin conductance responses (SCR)...

..However, this is key to understanding their etiology and designing studies to identify risk variants...

..We report on an integrative analysis from the Genome-Based Therapeutic Drugs for Depression (GENDEP) study using gene expression from mice to inform prioritization in a human pharmacogenetic study...

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..The aim of this study is to test whether self-report provides information relevant to short-term treatment outcomes that is not captured by clinician-rating and vice versa...

..Decision making is impaired in female patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), but it is unclear if the same impairment is present in male patients with AN...

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..0003; p = 0.0012 Bonferroni corrected). In conclusion, we have demonstrated an association between CYP2C19 genotype, including the CYP2C19*17 allele, and steady state escitalopram concentration...

..Brain networks associated with anxiety induced by self-comparison to slim images may be involved in the genesis of body dissatisfaction and hence with vulnerability to eating disorders...

..The aim of the present study was to examine the interplay between the BDNF Val(66)Met polymorphism and stressful life events (SLEs) in bipolar disorder...

..K. and 1,594 comparison subjects screened negative for psychiatric disorders...

..Pharmacogenetic studies aiming to personalize the treatment of depression are based on the assumption that response to antidepressants is a heritable trait, but there is no compelling evidence to support this...

..This study aims to test the hypothesis that common genetic variants can predict response to antidepressants in a clinically meaningful way...

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..The authors conducted the first meta-analysis to examine the relationship between childhood maltreatment and these clinically relevant measures of depression...

..The time-efficient self- and parent-report alternatives will enable routine measurement of OCD severity in clinical practice. Estimates of equivalent summed scores are provided to facilitate comparison...

..Gaps in evidence are identified that need to be bridged before knowledge about cause can inform cure in personalized psychiatry...

..To extend to biomarker studies the consensus clinical significance criterion of a three-point difference in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression...

..We hypothesised that this latent vulnerability can manifest as reactivity of affect and self-esteem to experimentally induced experiences of success and failure and is shaped by history of childhood adversity...

..For example, epigenetic changes associated with diet and weight may be reversible and those associated with cognitive processes may be accessible to pharmacological interventions...

..The role of current social risk factors in moderating the impact of antidepressant medication has not previously been explored...

..Dysfunction of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is associated with craving. We investigated whether stimulation of the DLPFC reduces food craving in people with a bulimic-type eating disorder...

..These findings suggest that the dissection of etiological pathways to depression may provide the key to understanding and predicting response to antidepressants...

..These results indicate that pathological personality features in AN are persistent traits, although some features may become exaggerated in the acute phase...

..Neither of these features are found in recovered AN. The association between impaired decision making ability and a decreased autonomic response is consistent with the predictions of the Somatic Marker Hypothesis...

..Consistencies and discrepancies among studies can be exploited for methodological analysis and model specification...

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..To test the hypothesis that the socio-cultural transition in the 1990s in Eastern Europe was associated with an increase in admissions for eating disorders (ED)...

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..No significant associations were observed for manic symptoms. Specific relationships with different types of SLEs may explain previous discrepant findings concerning the relationship between SLEs and BD...

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..SEM was used because it is sensitive to motivational states of approach (appetitive response) and withdrawal (aversive response), which are independent of conscious intentional control...

..97 (95% CI 0.91-0.98) to detect OCD cases. Its specificity is good in children without psychiatric diagnoses, but low in a psychiatric sample. The SOCS is a screening tool suitable for community but not specialist settings...

..When these confounders are accounted for, there probably is a real, if small, effect of 5-HTTLPR on response to both serotonin reuptake inhibitors and environmental adversity...