Research Topics
| A EhlersSummaryAffiliation: King's College London Country: UK Publications
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Detail Information
Publications
Cognitive predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder in children: results of a prospective longitudinal studyA Ehlers
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
Behav Res Ther 41:1-10. 2003..The accuracy of the prediction increased to 49% or 53% when the cognitive variables measured at initial assessment or 3 months, respectively, were taken into account...- Cognitive therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: development and evaluationAnke Ehlers
Department of Psychology PO77, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
Behav Res Ther 43:413-31. 2005.... - The Driving Cognitions Questionnaire: development and preliminary psychometric propertiesAnke Ehlers
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, London, UK
J Anxiety Disord 21:493-509. 2007..It discriminated well between people with and without driving phobia. It also showed convergent validity with other measures. The questionnaire shows promise for use in research and clinical practice... - Enhanced perceptual priming for neutral stimuli in a traumatic context: A pathway to intrusive memories?Anke Ehlers
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London, UK
Memory 14:316-28. 2006..Enhanced priming predicted subsequent re-experiencing symptoms. The results support the role of perceptual priming in re-experiencing... - A randomized controlled trial of cognitive therapy, a self-help booklet, and repeated assessments as early interventions for posttraumatic stress disorderAnke Ehlers
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
Arch Gen Psychiatry 60:1024-32. 2003..Similarly, there is a lack of clarity about the best way of identifying people who are unlikely to recover from early posttraumatic symptoms without intervention... - The nature of intrusive memories after trauma: the warning signal hypothesisAnke Ehlers
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, UK
Behav Res Ther 40:995-1002. 2002.... - Early heart rate responses to standardized trauma-related pictures predict posttraumatic stress disorder: a prospective studyOliver Suendermann
Department of Psychology PO77, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
Psychosom Med 72:301-8. 2010..Results are consistent with a role of associative learning in PTSD and suggest that early stimulus generalization may be an indicator of risk for chronic PTSD... - Do cognitive models help in predicting the severity of posttraumatic stress disorder, phobia, and depression after motor vehicle accidents? A prospective longitudinal studyThomas Ehring
Department of Psychology, King s College, London, United Kingdom
J Consult Clin Psychol 76:219-30. 2008..In addition, the predictors derived from cognitive models of PTSD and depression were disorder-specific. The results support the role of cognitive factors in the maintenance of emotional disorders following trauma... - Reduced heart rate responding to trauma reliving in trauma survivors with PTSD: correlates and consequencesSarah L Halligan
School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
J Trauma Stress 19:721-34. 2006..B. Foa and M. J. Kozak's (1986) hypothesis that full activation of trauma memories facilitates emotional processing... - Contribution of cognitive factors to the prediction of post-traumatic stress disorder, phobia and depression after motor vehicle accidentsThomas Ehring
King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Psychology, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
Behav Res Ther 44:1699-716. 2006..The results support the hypothesis that disorder-specific sets of cognitive factors contribute to the development and maintenance of PTSD, phobias and depression following traumatic events... - Perceptual processing advantages for trauma-related visual cues in post-traumatic stress disorderB Kleim
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, UK
Psychol Med 42:173-81. 2012..One possibility is that PTSD is characterized by a processing advantage for stimuli that resemble those that accompanied the trauma, which would lead to increased detection of such cues in the environment... - Cognitive factors involved in the onset and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after physical or sexual assaultE Dunmore
Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
Behav Res Ther 37:809-29. 1999.... - Screening for posttraumatic stress disorder: what combination of symptoms predicts best?Thomas Ehring
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, London, United Kingdom
J Nerv Ment Dis 195:1004-12. 2007..The results underscore the need to cross-validate findings before using screening instruments for clinical applications... - Rumination in posttraumatic stress disorderTanja Michael
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Depress Anxiety 24:307-17. 2007..These characteristics explained significantly more variance in PTSD severity than the mere presence of rumination, thereby indicating that not all ways of ruminative thinking are equally maladaptive... - A prospective investigation of the role of cognitive factors in persistent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after physical or sexual assaultE Dunmore
Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
Behav Res Ther 39:1063-84. 2001..These findings support the cognitive model of PTSD proposed by Ehlers and Clark and suggest that effective treatment will need to address these cognitive factors... - Changes in intrusive memories associated with imaginal reliving in posttraumatic stress disorderAnne E M Speckens
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Centre for Anxiety Disorders and Trauma, 99 Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
J Anxiety Disord 20:328-41. 2006..The patient's anxiety, depression, self-blame, and dissociation were not predictive of response to reliving... - The effects of rumination on mood and intrusive memories after exposure to traumatic material: An experimental studyUlrike Zetsche
King s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Psychology, UK
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 40:499-514. 2009..Taken together, the results partially support the hypothesis that rumination is involved in the maintenance of negative mood and post-traumatic stress symptoms... - Promoting mental health following the London bombings: a screen and treat approachChris R Brewin
Traumatic Stress Clinic, London, UK
J Trauma Stress 21:3-8. 2008..The program succeeded in its aim of generating many more referrals of affected individuals than came through normal referral channels... - Enhanced priming for trauma-related material in posttraumatic stress disorderTanja Michael
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
Emotion 5:103-12. 2005..The enhanced priming effect was specific to trauma-related words. Enhanced perceptual priming for traumatic material appears to be one of the cognitive processes operating in PTSD... - Dissociation and post-traumatic stress disorder: two prospective studies of road traffic accident survivorsJames Murray
Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
Br J Psychiatry 180:363-8. 2002..CONCLUSIONS: Persistent dissociation and rumination 4 weeks after trauma are more useful in identifying those patients who are likely to develop chronic PTSD than initial reactions... - Unwanted memories of assault: what intrusion characteristics are associated with PTSD?T Michael
Department of Psychology PO77, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
Behav Res Ther 43:613-28. 2005..The results have implications for the early identification of trauma survivors at risk of chronic PTSD... - Intrusive memories and ruminations related to violent crime among young offenders: phenomenological characteristicsCeri Evans
Department of Psychological Medicine, St George s Hospital Medical School, London, UK
J Trauma Stress 20:183-96. 2007..The intrusive memories tended to concern the moment when the event turned for the worse for the perpetrator. The findings have implications for risk assessment and therapeutic interventions for violent offenders... - Do acute psychological and psychobiological responses to trauma predict subsequent symptom severities of PTSD and depression?Thomas Ehring
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
Psychiatry Res 161:67-75. 2008.... - Early predictors of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder in assault survivorsBirgit Kleim
Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Psychology, King s College London, London, UK
Psychol Med 37:1457-67. 2007.... - Cognitive processing, memory, and the development of PTSD symptoms: two experimental analogue studiesSarah L Halligan
Department of Psychology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK S L
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 33:73-89. 2002..The results indicated that data-driven processing is associated with the development of PTSD-like memories and analogue symptoms... - Intrusive memories in perpetrators of violent crime: emotions and cognitionsCeri Evans
Department of Psychological Medicine, St George s Hospital Medical School, London, England
J Consult Clin Psychol 75:134-44. 2007..The results suggest that cognitive factors that predict reexperiencing symptoms in victims of crime generalize to perpetrators... - Dissociative symptoms and the acute stress disorder diagnosis in children and adolescents: a replication of the Harvey and Bryant (1999) studyRichard Meiser-Stedman
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London
J Trauma Stress 20:359-64. 2007..The implications of these findings for how ASD is applied to youth are discussed... - Cognitive therapy versus fluoxetine in generalized social phobia: a randomized placebo-controlled trialDavid M Clark
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
J Consult Clin Psychol 71:1058-67. 2003..FLU + SE and PLA + SE did not differ. CT remained superior to FLU + SE at the end of the booster period and at 12-month follow-up. On general mood measures, there were few differences between the treatments.. - Feeling anxious: a twin study of panic/somatic ratings, anxiety sensitivity and heartbeat perception in childrenThalia C Eley
Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, UK
J Child Psychol Psychiatry 48:1184-91. 2007..We examined genetic and environmental influences on childhood AS, HBP, panic/somatic ratings, and their associations... - Post-traumatic stress disorder: the development of effective psychological treatmentsAnke Ehlers
King s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Psychology, London, UK
Nord J Psychiatry 62:11-8. 2008..CT addresses the cognitive abnormalities and maintaining behaviors in an individualized, but focused, way. Four randomized controlled trials and two dissemination studies showed that CT for PTSD is acceptable and effective... - Treating clinically significant avoidance of public transport following the London bombings?Rachel V Handley
King s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
Behav Cogn Psychother 37:87-93. 2009..The present paper describes the cognitive-behavioural approach evolved and adapted to treat survivors of the London bombings experiencing fear and avoidance of public transport (travel phobia)... - Evidence for a curvilinear relationship between posttraumatic growth and posttrauma depression and PTSD in assault survivorsBirgit Kleim
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, London, UK
J Trauma Stress 22:45-52. 2009..Posttraumatic growth may thus be most relevant in trauma survivors who attach enduring significance to the trauma for their lives and show initial distress. Moderate levels of PTG do not seem to ameliorate posttrauma psychopathology... - Internal versus external attention in social anxiety: an investigation using a novel paradigmWarren Mansell
Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, University of London, SE5 8AF, London, UK
Behav Res Ther 41:555-72. 2003..Compared to low speech anxious individuals, high speech anxious individuals showed an internal attentional bias, that was specific to conditions of social-evaluative threat... - Reduced autobiographical memory specificity predicts depression and posttraumatic stress disorder after recent traumaBirgit Kleim
Department of Psychology, King s College, London, United Kingdom
J Consult Clin Psychol 76:231-42. 2008..Mediation analyses suggested that rumination partly mediated and perceived permanent change fully mediated the effects of low memory specificity on posttrauma psychopathology at follow-up... - Overgeneral memory extends to pictorial retrieval cues and correlates with cognitive features in posttraumatic stress disorderSabine Schönfeld
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, London, United Kingdom
Emotion 6:611-21. 2006..OGM correlated with PTSD symptoms and perceived self-change; with intrusive memories, their perceived "nowness," responses to intrusions (thought suppression, rumination, dissociation), and negative interpretations of symptoms... - Clinically significant avoidance of public transport following the London bombings: travel phobia or subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder?Rachel V Handley
King s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Psychology, and Centre for Anxiety Disorders and Trauma, London, UK
J Anxiety Disord 23:1170-6. 2009..There was no difference between the groups in the reported severity of trauma or in presence of daily transport difficulties. Implications of these results for future trauma response are discussed... - Do all psychological treatments really work the same in posttraumatic stress disorder?Anke Ehlers
King s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, UK
Clin Psychol Rev 30:269-76. 2010..We also recommend transparency in reporting exclusions in meta-analyses and suggest that bona fide treatments should be defined on empirical and theoretical grounds rather than by judgments of the investigators' intent... - Cognitive therapy versus exposure and applied relaxation in social phobia: A randomized controlled trialDavid M Clark
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, London, United Kingdom
J Consult Clin Psychol 74:568-78. 2006..In addition, patients in EXP = AR were more likely to have sought additional treatment. Therapist effects were small and nonsignificant. CT appears to be superior to EXP = AR in the treatment of social phobia... - Intrusive re-experiencing in post-traumatic stress disorder: phenomenology, theory, and therapyAnke Ehlers
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
Memory 12:403-15. 2004.... - Intensive cognitive therapy for PTSD: a feasibility studyAnke Ehlers
NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust and King s College London, UK
Behav Cogn Psychother 38:383-98. 2010..There is evidence that intensive CBT can be effective in phobias and obsessive compulsive disorder. Studies of intensive CBT for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are lacking... - Heart-beat perception, panic/somatic symptoms and anxiety sensitivity in childrenThalia C Eley
Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Box P080, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
Behav Res Ther 42:439-48. 2004..These results extend the literature on HBP and panic and suggest that in children, as in adults, increased panic/somatic symptoms are associated with enhanced ability to perceive internal physiological cues, and fear of such sensations... - Perception of arousal in social anxiety: effects of false feedback during a social interactionJennifer Wild
Department of Psychology PO77, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 39:102-16. 2008..Observers rated the behaviour of participants who believed that their arousal had decreased most favourably. The results have implications for the treatment of social phobia... - Heart rate responses to standardized trauma-related pictures in acute posttraumatic stress disorderAnke Ehlers
King s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Psychology, London, UK
Int J Psychophysiol 78:27-34. 2010..The early generalization of triggers of reexperiencing symptoms observed in this study is consistent with associative learning and cognitive models of PTSD... - Characteristics and content of intrusive memories in PTSD and their changes with treatmentAnn Hackmann
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
J Trauma Stress 17:231-40. 2004..Ehlers et al.'s (2002) hypothesis that intrusive memories are usually of warning stimuli that signalled the moments with the greatest emotional impact. The results were consistent with this hypothesis... - More evidence for the role of persistent dissociation in PTSDAnke Ehlers
Am J Psychiatry 163:1112. 2006 - Patients with generalized social phobia direct their attention away from facesY P Chen
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
Behav Res Ther 40:677-87. 2002..In contrast, controls did not exhibit an attentional preference. The results are in line with recent theories of social phobia that emphasize the role of reduced processing of external social cues in maintaining social anxiety... - Imagery special issue: intrusive images and memories of earlier adverse events in patients with obsessive compulsive disorderAnne E M Speckens
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AZ, UK
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 38:411-22. 2007.... - Overgeneral memory and suppression of trauma memories in post-traumatic stress disorderSabine Schönfeld
University of Bielefeld, Germany
Memory 15:339-52. 2007..OGM correlated with PTSD symptom severity, and measures of cognitive avoidance. The results are discussed with reference to current theories of overgeneral memory and its possible relationship with PTSD... - Posttraumatic stress disorder following assault: the role of cognitive processing, trauma memory, and appraisalsSarah L Halligan
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, England
J Consult Clin Psychol 71:419-31. 2003..Assault severity measures explained 22% of symptom variance; measures of cognitive processing, memory disorganization, and appraisals increased prediction accuracy to 71%... - An investigation of whether patients with post-traumatic stress disorder overestimate the probability and cost of future negative eventsMelanie White
Lowestoft Community Mental Health Team, Norfolk and Waverley NHS Foundation Trust, Victoria House, 28 Alexandra Road, Lowestoft, UK
J Anxiety Disord 22:1244-54. 2008..Results suggest that patients with PTSD show specific judgment biases in the estimation of probability and cost, which can be successfully modified by cognitive therapy... - Intrusive memories and rumination in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder: a phenomenological comparisonAnne E M Speckens
Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
Memory 15:249-57. 2007.... - Psychological treatments for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. Systematic review and meta-analysisJonathan I Bisson
Department of Psychological Medicine, Cardiff University, and University Hospital of Wales, UK
Br J Psychiatry 190:97-104. 2007..The relative efficacy of different psychological treatments for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is unclear... - Measuring adjustment to chronic skin disorders: validation of a self-report measureUlrich Stangier
Department of Psychology, University of Frankfurt, Georg Voigt Strasse 1, Postfach 111932, Fach 54, 60054 Frankfurt, Germany
Psychol Assess 15:532-49. 2003..A treatment study showed that changes in some of the subscales correlated with changes in the severity of the skin condition... - Predictive validity of acute stress disorder in children and adolescentsTim Dalgleish
Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK
Br J Psychiatry 192:392-3. 2008..Furthermore, thresholds of either three or more re-experiencing symptoms, or six or more re-experiencing/hyperarousal symptoms, were as effective at predicting PTSD as the full acute stress disorder diagnosis... - Mindsets in social anxiety: a new look at selective information processingAnette Hiemisch
Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Germany
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 33:103-14. 2002..The result indicate that socially anxious people engage in information processing that interferes with successful goal attainment when approaching social situations... - Risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder among UK Armed Forces personnelA C Iversen
King s Centre for Military Health Research, King s College, London, UK
Psychol Med 38:511-22. 2008.... - Predicting long-term outcome in group treatment of atopic dermatitisUlrich Stangier
Department of Psychology, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
Psychother Psychosom 73:293-301. 2004..However, no data are available on variables that may predict which patients benefit from such group treatments... - Early psychological interventions for adult survivors of trauma: a reviewAnke Ehlers
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
Biol Psychiatry 53:817-26. 2003..Some ideas for alternative ways of offering help to trauma survivors are presented, and methodologic suggestions for future research are given...