Research Topics
| D M ClarkSummaryAffiliation: King's College London Country: UK Publications
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Detail Information
Publications
Why social anxiety persists: an experimental investigation of the role of safety behaviours as a maintaining factorFreda McManus
Oxford Cognitive Therapy Centre, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 39:147-61. 2008..Results support the role of safety behaviours and self-focused attention in the cognitive model of social phobia, and the value of dropping safety behaviours and reducing self-focus as therapeutic strategies in social phobia...- Rescripting early memories linked to negative images in social phobia: a pilot studyJennifer Wild
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry at King s College London, London, England
Behav Ther 39:47-56. 2008..The results suggest that rescripting unpleasant memories linked to negative self-images may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of social phobia... - Psychological treatment outcomes in routine NHS services: a commentary on Stiles et al. (2007)D M Clark
Institute of Psychiatry at Kings College London, London, UK
Psychol Med 38:629-34. 2008 - Developing new treatments: on the interplay between theories, experimental science and clinical innovationDavid M Clark
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Box 77, London SE5 8AF, UK
Behav Res Ther 42:1089-104. 2004..For this reason, the way in which one group has used a mixture of phenomenological, experimental and treatment development studies to create effective cognitive therapy programmes for anxiety disorders is described... - Cognitive therapy versus fluoxetine in generalized social phobia: a randomized placebo-controlled trialDavid M Clark
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
J Consult Clin Psychol 71:1058-67. 2003..FLU + SE and PLA + SE did not differ. CT remained superior to FLU + SE at the end of the booster period and at 12-month follow-up. On general mood measures, there were few differences between the treatments.. - Cognitive therapy versus exposure and applied relaxation in social phobia: A randomized controlled trialDavid M Clark
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, London, United Kingdom
J Consult Clin Psychol 74:568-78. 2006..In addition, patients in EXP = AR were more likely to have sought additional treatment. Therapist effects were small and nonsignificant. CT appears to be superior to EXP = AR in the treatment of social phobia... - Cognitive factors involved in the onset and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after physical or sexual assaultE Dunmore
Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
Behav Res Ther 37:809-29. 1999.... - A prospective investigation of the role of cognitive factors in persistent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after physical or sexual assaultE Dunmore
Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
Behav Res Ther 39:1063-84. 2001..These findings support the cognitive model of PTSD proposed by Ehlers and Clark and suggest that effective treatment will need to address these cognitive factors... - Unwanted memories of assault: what intrusion characteristics are associated with PTSD?T Michael
Department of Psychology PO77, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
Behav Res Ther 43:613-28. 2005..The results have implications for the early identification of trauma survivors at risk of chronic PTSD... - Patients with generalized social phobia direct their attention away from facesY P Chen
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
Behav Res Ther 40:677-87. 2002..In contrast, controls did not exhibit an attentional preference. The results are in line with recent theories of social phobia that emphasize the role of reduced processing of external social cues in maintaining social anxiety... - Negative self-imagery blocks inferencesC R Hirsch
Department of Psychology, P O Box 77, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
Behav Res Ther 41:1383-96. 2003..In contrast, and as predicted, non-anxious volunteers who were trained to hold a negative image in mind lacked any non-threatening inferential bias, and also experienced higher levels of state anxiety... - Belief disconfirmation versus habituation approaches to situational exposure in panic disorder with agoraphobia: a pilot studyPaul M Salkovskis
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, PO Box 077, London SE5 8AF, UK
Behav Res Ther 45:877-85. 2007..7-2.7), which suggests it may be a particularly efficient way of managing therapeutic exposure to feared situations in panic disorder with agoraphobia. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanism of change involved... - Intrusive memories and rumination in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder: a phenomenological comparisonAnne E M Speckens
Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
Memory 15:249-57. 2007.... - Perception of arousal in social anxiety: effects of false feedback during a social interactionJennifer Wild
Department of Psychology PO77, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 39:102-16. 2008..Observers rated the behaviour of participants who believed that their arousal had decreased most favourably. The results have implications for the treatment of social phobia... - Intrusive memories and ruminations related to violent crime among young offenders: phenomenological characteristicsCeri Evans
Department of Psychological Medicine, St George s Hospital Medical School, London, UK
J Trauma Stress 20:183-96. 2007..The intrusive memories tended to concern the moment when the event turned for the worse for the perpetrator. The findings have implications for risk assessment and therapeutic interventions for violent offenders... - Intrusive memories in perpetrators of violent crime: emotions and cognitionsCeri Evans
Department of Psychological Medicine, St George s Hospital Medical School, London, England
J Consult Clin Psychol 75:134-44. 2007..The results suggest that cognitive factors that predict reexperiencing symptoms in victims of crime generalize to perpetrators... - Facilitating a benign interpretation bias in a high socially anxious populationRebecca Murphy
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
Behav Res Ther 45:1517-29. 2007..Possible implications of the findings for therapeutic interventions in social phobia are discussed... - Post-traumatic stress disorder in the context of terrorism and other civil conflict in Northern Ireland: randomised controlled trialMichael Duffy
University of Ulster at Magee, Londonderry, Northern Ireland BT48 7JL
BMJ 334:1147. 2007..To evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder related to terrorism and other civil conflict in Northern Ireland... - An open trial of cognitive therapy for chronic insomniaAllison G Harvey
Department of Psychology, Sleep and Psychological Disorders Lab, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 1650, USA
Behav Res Ther 45:2491-501. 2007..The significant improvement in both nighttime and daytime impairment evident at the posttreatment assessment was retained up to the 12 month followup... - Promoting mental health following the London bombings: a screen and treat approachChris R Brewin
Traumatic Stress Clinic, London, UK
J Trauma Stress 21:3-8. 2008..The program succeeded in its aim of generating many more referrals of affected individuals than came through normal referral channels... - Feeling anxious: a twin study of panic/somatic ratings, anxiety sensitivity and heartbeat perception in childrenThalia C Eley
Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, UK
J Child Psychol Psychiatry 48:1184-91. 2007..We examined genetic and environmental influences on childhood AS, HBP, panic/somatic ratings, and their associations... - Screening for posttraumatic stress disorder: what combination of symptoms predicts best?Thomas Ehring
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, London, United Kingdom
J Nerv Ment Dis 195:1004-12. 2007..The results underscore the need to cross-validate findings before using screening instruments for clinical applications... - Residential cognitive therapy versus residential interpersonal therapy for social phobia: a randomized clinical trialFinn Magnus Borge
Research Institute, Modum Bad, Norway
J Anxiety Disord 22:991-1010. 2008..RCT in the present trial was associated with less improvement compared to individual CT in other recent trials... - Imagery special issue: underestimation of auditory performance in social phobia and the use of audio feedbackColette R Hirsch
Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 38:447-58. 2007..Auditory feedback partially corrected this underestimation of auditory performance... - When the present visits the past: updating traumatic memories in social phobiaJennifer Wild
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 38:386-401. 2007..This paper presents our exploratory investigation of how to work with the memories and encourages more rigorous investigation in this area... - In the face of uncertainty: a twin study of ambiguous information, anxiety and depression in childrenThalia C Eley
Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, De Crespigny Park, P O Box P080, London, SE5 8AF, UK
J Abnorm Child Psychol 36:55-65. 2008..The data also support a role for genetic influence on threat interpretations, which may mediate responses to stress... - Cognitive-behavioral therapy for PTSD in children and adolescents: a preliminary randomized controlled trialPatrick Smith
Kings College London, Institute of Psychiatry, UK
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 46:1051-61. 2007..To evaluate the efficacy of individual trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and young people... - Inducing an interpretation bias changes self-imagery: a preliminary investigationColette R Hirsch
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
Behav Res Ther 45:2173-81. 2007..We suggest that this finding is consistent with the hypothesis that inferential biases and content of self-images can interact with each other and may together serve to maintain social anxiety... - Reduced heart rate responding to trauma reliving in trauma survivors with PTSD: correlates and consequencesSarah L Halligan
School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
J Trauma Stress 19:721-34. 2006..B. Foa and M. J. Kozak's (1986) hypothesis that full activation of trauma memories facilitates emotional processing... - Rumination in posttraumatic stress disorderTanja Michael
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Depress Anxiety 24:307-17. 2007..These characteristics explained significantly more variance in PTSD severity than the mere presence of rumination, thereby indicating that not all ways of ruminative thinking are equally maladaptive... - Cognitive processing, memory, and the development of PTSD symptoms: two experimental analogue studiesSarah L Halligan
Department of Psychology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK S L
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 33:73-89. 2002..The results indicated that data-driven processing is associated with the development of PTSD-like memories and analogue symptoms... - Internal versus external attention in social anxiety: an investigation using a novel paradigmWarren Mansell
Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, University of London, SE5 8AF, London, UK
Behav Res Ther 41:555-72. 2003..Compared to low speech anxious individuals, high speech anxious individuals showed an internal attentional bias, that was specific to conditions of social-evaluative threat... - Posttraumatic stress disorder following assault: the role of cognitive processing, trauma memory, and appraisalsSarah L Halligan
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, England
J Consult Clin Psychol 71:419-31. 2003..Assault severity measures explained 22% of symptom variance; measures of cognitive processing, memory disorganization, and appraisals increased prediction accuracy to 71%... - Self-images play a causal role in social phobiaColette R Hirsch
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
Behav Res Ther 41:909-21. 2003..Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that negative self-imagery has a causal role in maintaining social phobia... - A randomized controlled trial of cognitive therapy, a self-help booklet, and repeated assessments as early interventions for posttraumatic stress disorderAnke Ehlers
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
Arch Gen Psychiatry 60:1024-32. 2003..Similarly, there is a lack of clarity about the best way of identifying people who are unlikely to recover from early posttraumatic symptoms without intervention... - Anticipatory processing in social anxiety: two pilot studiesHendrik Hinrichsen
Department of Psychiatry, St George s Hospital Medical School, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 34:205-18. 2003.... - Heart-beat perception, panic/somatic symptoms and anxiety sensitivity in childrenThalia C Eley
Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Box P080, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
Behav Res Ther 42:439-48. 2004..These results extend the literature on HBP and panic and suggest that in children, as in adults, increased panic/somatic symptoms are associated with enhanced ability to perceive internal physiological cues, and fear of such sensations... - Characteristics and content of intrusive memories in PTSD and their changes with treatmentAnn Hackmann
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
J Trauma Stress 17:231-40. 2004..Ehlers et al.'s (2002) hypothesis that intrusive memories are usually of warning stimuli that signalled the moments with the greatest emotional impact. The results were consistent with this hypothesis... - Negative self-imagery in social anxiety contaminates social interactionsColette R Hirsch
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
Memory 12:496-506. 2004..Furthermore, the conversation was contaminated since both groups of participants rated its quality as poorer in the negative image condition... - Information-processing bias in social phobiaColette R Hirsch
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
Clin Psychol Rev 24:799-825. 2004..The clinical implications of social-phobia-related information-processing biases are discussed and possible avenues for future research are outlined... - An experimental study on fear of public speaking using a virtual environmentMel Slater
Department of Computer Science, University College London, United Kingdom
Cyberpsychol Behav 9:627-33. 2006..The result was strong in spite of the relatively low representational and behavioral fidelity of the virtual characters... - Imagery and interpretations in social phobia: support for the combined cognitive biases hypothesisColette R Hirsch
Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, University of London, De Crespigny Park, UK
Behav Ther 37:223-36. 2006..Clinical implications and the potential utility of examining the combined influence of other cognitive biases are highlighted... - Preliminary evidence for an association between social anxiety symptoms and avoidance of negative faces in school-age childrenLucy J Stirling
Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Camberwell, London, England
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 35:431-9. 2006..This association was largely due to avoidance of angry and fearful expressions. These results provide preliminary evidence that anxiety is associated with attentional biases in children as in adults... - Changes in intrusive memories associated with imaginal reliving in posttraumatic stress disorderAnne E M Speckens
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Centre for Anxiety Disorders and Trauma, 99 Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
J Anxiety Disord 20:328-41. 2006..The patient's anxiety, depression, self-blame, and dissociation were not predictive of response to reliving... - The causal role of negative imagery in social anxiety: a test in confident public speakersColette R Hirsch
Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8NX, UK
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 37:159-70. 2006..Given that participants do not currently have anxiety problems, the findings are consistent with the idea that negative self-imagery has a causal role in the development and maintenance of social anxiety... - Cognitive therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: development and evaluationAnke Ehlers
Department of Psychology PO77, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
Behav Res Ther 43:413-31. 2005.... - Information processing in social phobiaDavid M Clark
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
Biol Psychiatry 51:92-100. 2002..Methodological limitations of existing information processing studies are highlighted. Finally, possible neurobiological correlates are discussed and suggestions are made for future attempts to link neurobiology and cognitive psychology... - Exposure therapy and cognitive behaviour therapyDavid M Clark
Psychol Med 35:149-50; author reply 150-1. 2005 - Community based cognitive therapy in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder following the Omagh bombKate Gillespie
Community Trauma and Recovery Team, The Bridge Centre, Omagh, Northern Ireland, UK
Behav Res Ther 40:345-57. 2002..Patients who were physically injured improved less than those who were not physically injured. Overall, the results indicate that the positive findings obtained in research settings generalize well to a frontline, non-selective service...