Sue M Moss

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..This study aims to investigate the spatial distribution of density within the breast using 493 mammographic images from a sample of 165 premenopausal women (~3 medio-lateral oblique views per woman)...

..This study aims to investigate whether mammographic density varies by SES and to identify the underlying anthropometric, lifestyle and reproductive factors leading to such variation...

..Minimising harms and identifying those women who will benefit most from screening should remain a priority...

..To compare performance measures across all three rounds of the English bowel cancer screening faecal occult blood test pilot and their relation to social deprivation and ethnicity...

..It addresses sample size considerations, the use of appropriate outcome measures and the timing of the intervention. Finally, issues related to ensuring appropriate analyses are discussed...

..The Age trial was designed to study the effect on mortality of inviting women for annual mammography from age 40 years...

..To assess the effect of introducing testing for human papillomavirus combined with liquid based cytology in women with low grade cytological abnormalities...

..In those trials in which the control arm has been offered screening, although there is a possible shift from invasive to in situ disease, there is no evidence of overdiagnosis as a result of incident screens...

..Further work is needed, in a UK or European setting, to study the relationship between reading volume and accuracy at higher volume levels and also the separate effects of reading volume and reading experience...

..However, a number of assumptions have been necessary and firm conclusions must await the analysis of observed mortality from breast cancer...

..There is little evidence of regular mammography in the trial control arm. The setting of this trial within the NHS breast screening programme should ensure applicability of results to a national programme...

..False-positive recall is a recognized disadvantage of mammographic breast screening, and the rate of such recalls may be higher in younger women, potentially limiting the value of screening below age 50...

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..At the time of data collection, 56% (112 out of 200) of GP partners reported that they were aware of receiving the PCRMP pack. To ensure future, effective implementation of guidelines requires evaluation...

..Gleason score has important implications for patient management but morphological reproducibility data for British practice are limited. Using literature-based criteria nine uropathologists took part in a reproducibility study...

..To study further the effects of screening, patients with a raised familial risk should be counselled in clinic about screening of relatives and data routinely recorded so that the effects of screening on high-risk groups can be studied...

..05). First-degree relatives entering the linked familial PSA screening programme do not, in general, have high levels of psychological morbidity. However, a small number of men exhibited psychological distress...

..The overall bias in reporting breast cancer deaths was less than 1%. It was concluded that the certified underlying cause of death without review provides an adequate endpoint for evaluating breast cancer screening programmes in the UK...

..9-1.7) in men, 0.9 (95% Cl 0.7-1.3) in females. The lack of a significant reduction in melanoma mortality associated with the intervention raises questions about this approach to early detection and emphasises the need for new strategies...

..Further research is required in cancer patients to determine whether those diagnosed in asymptomatic women have a higher and more sustained degree of psychiatric morbidity than those diagnosed in women who are aware of symptoms...

..5% out of 160 015 men aged > 45 on a GP database, who had no previous record of prostate cancer, had a PSA test. Of the tested men, 21.3% had a PSA > 4 ng/ml. Future data need to distinguish between men with and without symptoms...

..Targeted screening for melanoma in the UK will be hampered by difficulties in accurately identifying the target population. Strategies to improve skin self-awareness rather than screening should be developed and evaluated...

..The methods of evaluation, such as ours, can be simple and inexpensive...