Sunil R Lakhani

..LCIS is now considered a risk factor and a non-obligate precursor for the subsequent development of invasive cancer...

..Our aim was to evaluate the morphologies and immunophenotypes in a large cohort of patients with familial ovarian cancer...

..We review current knowledge and the contribution of molecular genetics in the understanding of breast cancer precursors and pre-invasive lesions...

..However, little is known about the putative therapeutic targets for these tumors. The aim of this study was to characterize CLCs at the molecular genetic level and identify putative therapeutic targets...

..Taken together, these data suggest that at least some PLCs may evolve from the same precursor or through the same genetic pathway as classic lobular carcinomas...

..To investigate the proportion of breast cancers arising in patients with germ line BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations expressing basal markers and developing predictive tests for identification of high-risk patients...

..These data further support the hypothesis that CCLs are a nonobligate, intermediary step in the development of some forms of low grade in situ and invasive carcinoma...

..These data provide a framework for the interpretation of breast cancer molecular profiling experiments, the identification of potential new diagnostic markers, and development of novel indicators of prognosis...

..Robust characterization of this basal group is necessary if it is to have a major impact on management of patients with breast cancer...

..CGH has been instrumental in dissecting distinct molecular pathways toward breast malignancy and in establishing a direct relationship between genotype and clinical pathological features...

..This analysis demonstrates the utility of 14-3-3sigma as a new adjunct antibody for characterization of myoepithelial cells and myoepithelial lesions and it may be a novel prognostic factor for breast cancer patients...

..Previous studies have suggested that expression of such 'basal' markers predicts different biological behaviour, with more frequent lung and brain metastases and poorer prognosis than other carcinomas...

..This study evaluates the immunohistochemical profiles of tumors arising in patients with mutations in these genes...

..However, only through the combination of comprehensive morphological analysis and cutting-edge molecular tools can this knowledge be translated into clinical practice and patient management...

..We investigated whether HER2 and EGFR overexpression was present and evaluated gene amplification in a series of metaplastic breast carcinomas...

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..This study brings into question the previously described profile of breast 'stem cells' based on CK5/6 staining and hence the breast cancer progression model and classification based on this phenotype...

..This chapter provides an overview of the methods necessary to carry out the production of membrane-based cDNA arrays and the subsequent synthesis and hybridization of radiolabeled cDNA probes...

..The limited data from these experiments do not reveal a specific predisposition locus...

..These data represent profiles of the transcriptional changes associated with ERBB2-related pathways in the breast, and identify novel and potentially useful targets for prognosis and therapy...

..Therefore, the expression patterns of most integrins existing prior to pregnancy seem sufficient in this cell type to support the morphological and functional development during early pregnancy...

..In this review, the working group on behalf of EUSOMA has attempted to summarise the current thinking and management of this interesting lesion...

..We assessed the value of tumor immunohistochemical markers in conjunction with genetic and evolutionary approaches for investigating the clinical significance of unclassified variants...

..Misclassification of tumors may lead to mismanagement of patients in clinical practice, particularly in the context of in situ disease at margins...

..These immunohistochemical data, combined with genomic studies, may lead to better identification and management of patients with 'basal' tumors...

..Although we identified many novel variants, we found no evidence that highly penetrant germline mutations in these five genes contribute to familial breast cancer susceptibility...

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..In multivariate analysis with logistic regression, TMBC was defined by the association of P-cadherin (R=2.29), MIB1 > 50 (R=3.80), ERBB2 negativity (R=2.24) and p53 positivity (RR=1.45)...

..In the progression to malignancy, the stromal proliferation appears to become independent of the Wnt pathway and, presumably, of the epithelial component of these tumours...

..In the context of screening, quantitative enhancement parameters appear to be less useful for lesion characterization...

..We report a case in which eruptive syringoma with clear cell morphology was found to express progesterone receptors, suggesting the possibility of hormonal control of the tumor...

..In a paper in this issue of Breast Cancer Research, Alowami has shown a relationship between density and stromal proteins, which might provide useful insight into mammographic density...

..In this issue of Cancer Cell, Gauthier and colleagues suggest that abrogated response to cell stress measured by analysis of p16 and the proliferation marker Ki67 accurately predicts recurrence in ductal carcinoma in situ...

..Interreader correlation was moderately good, and evidence of learning was seen. Equipment manufacturer, field strength, and age affected specificity but not sensitivity...

..Scoring systems developed on one equipment software may not be transferable to other manufacturers...

..The results suggest that several mutated protein kinases may be contributing to lung cancer development, but that mutations in each one are infrequent...

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