E J Milner-Gulland

..An inter-disciplinary approach is required to quantify these interactions, with an understanding of human decision-making at its core; otherwise, predictions about the impacts of conservation policies may be highly misleading...

....

....

..7. This study shows the possible broad importance of investigating in future research whether unintentionally selective harvesting occurs on other species...

..However, it crashes under intense harvesting resulting in a population skewed to light, young and, therefore, less reproductive animals...

..In these situations, social forces improve foraging success and have a strong influence on optimal patch departure strategies, causing individuals to stay longer in patches than the optimal foraging theories predict...

..Prudently designed monitoring programs for any species will detect the demographic effects of both types of threats...

..To be useful and relevant, scientists must make testable predictions about the impact of global policy on biodiversity to ensure that targets such as those set at Nagoya catalyse effective and measurable change...

..Processes related to priority setting and the development of national red lists need to take account of some assumptions in the formulation of the criteria...

..These findings suggest that there may be predictable differences in the age-related shape of the cost of reproduction between species, but further research is required to identify the mechanisms generating such differences...

....

..Our model demonstrates the "many-wrongs principle", and shows that environmental variability, uncertainty in the location of food sources, and local population density drive aggregation behaviour...

..Our results highlight the interactions between different incentives people face when making behavioral decisions and the importance of considering the full range of incentives when designing community-based PES interventions...

....

..This suggests that even moderate costs of reproduction may have a major negative effect on population dynamics of ungulates...

..This may be due to allocation constraints or differences in maternal quality. We conclude that an explicit focus on potential constraints can enhance the progress in the field of sex-specific maternal allocation in polytocous species...

..Systematic reviews are a valuable approach for assessing conservation evidence, although sensitive to the continuing lack of high-quality reporting on conservation interventions...

..The best method to assess hunting sustainability is situation dependent, but characterizing supply and demand curves, even crudely, has greater potential than current approaches to provide robust predictions in the medium term...

....

..Farmers hold more negative attitudes, but far less negative than the organizations that represent them...

..However, recovery in livestock numbers is likely to lead to increased levels of infection and production loss unless sustainable control strategies are put in place...

..Simplified sampling techniques used in this study, and statistical analysis based on bootstrapping, could prove useful in other parasitologic surveys of wildlife in remote areas...

....

..This model represents a step forward because it explicitly considers bushmeat as a component of the household economy. This has important implications as regards the development of policies to conserve species hunted for bushmeat...

..This was unexpected for FMD, which is subject to vaccination policies which vary at the raion (county) level...

..Recorded vectors are not known to be present in Kazakhstan, so a novel vector is likely to be operating. The lack of evidence for bluetongue virus in saigas is unexpected and suggests a need for further investigation...