T J Key

Summary

Affiliation: Imperial Cancer Research Fund
Country: UK

Publications

  1. ncbi Mortality in vegetarians and nonvegetarians: detailed findings from a collaborative analysis of 5 prospective studies
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford, United Kingdom
    Am J Clin Nutr 70:516S-524S. 1999
  2. ncbi Epidemiology of breast cancer
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, UK
    Lancet Oncol 2:133-40. 2001
  3. ncbi Energy balance and cancer: the role of sex hormones
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 60:81-9. 2001
  4. ncbi Mortality in vegetarians and non-vegetarians: a collaborative analysis of 8300 deaths among 76,000 men and women in five prospective studies
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford, UK
    Public Health Nutr 1:33-41. 1998
  5. ncbi Health benefits of a vegetarian diet
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 58:271-5. 1999
  6. ncbi Circulating levels of sex hormones and their relation to risk factors for breast cancer: a cross-sectional study in 1092 pre- and postmenopausal women (United Kingdom)
    P K Verkasalo
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, UK
    Cancer Causes Control 12:47-59. 2001
  7. ncbi Soy milk intake in relation to serum sex hormone levels in British men
    N E Allen
    Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK
    Nutr Cancer 41:41-6. 2001
  8. ncbi Dietary fibre intake and ischaemic heart disease mortality: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Heart study
    F L Crowe
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    Eur J Clin Nutr 66:950-6. 2012
  9. ncbi Soy milk intake and plasma sex hormones: a cross-sectional study in pre- and postmenopausal women (EPIC-Oxford)
    P K Verkasalo
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK
    Nutr Cancer 40:79-86. 2001
  10. ncbi Soya intake and plasma concentrations of daidzein and genistein: validity of dietary assessment among eighty British women (Oxford arm of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)
    P K Verkasalo
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    Br J Nutr 86:415-21. 2001

Detail Information

Publications51

  1. ncbi Mortality in vegetarians and nonvegetarians: detailed findings from a collaborative analysis of 5 prospective studies
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford, United Kingdom
    Am J Clin Nutr 70:516S-524S. 1999
    ..There were no significant differences between vegetarians and nonvegetarians in mortality from cerebrovascular disease, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, or all other causes combined...
  2. ncbi Epidemiology of breast cancer
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, UK
    Lancet Oncol 2:133-40. 2001
    ..Alcohol increases risk, whereas physical activity is probably protective. Mutations in certain genes greatly increase breast-cancer risk, but these account for a minority of cases...
  3. ncbi Energy balance and cancer: the role of sex hormones
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 60:81-9. 2001
    ..In men, increasing BMI has little effect on bioavailable androgen levels, and any effect of obesity on prostate cancer risk is small...
  4. ncbi Mortality in vegetarians and non-vegetarians: a collaborative analysis of 8300 deaths among 76,000 men and women in five prospective studies
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford, UK
    Public Health Nutr 1:33-41. 1998
    ..To compare the mortality rates of vegetarians and non-vegetarians...
  5. ncbi Health benefits of a vegetarian diet
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 58:271-5. 1999
    ..The evidence available suggests that widespread adoption of a vegetarian diet could prevent approximately 40,000 deaths from IHD in Britain each year...
  6. ncbi Circulating levels of sex hormones and their relation to risk factors for breast cancer: a cross-sectional study in 1092 pre- and postmenopausal women (United Kingdom)
    P K Verkasalo
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, UK
    Cancer Causes Control 12:47-59. 2001
    ..To investigate the relationships between plasma concentrations of sex hormones and risk factors for breast cancer...
  7. ncbi Soy milk intake in relation to serum sex hormone levels in British men
    N E Allen
    Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK
    Nutr Cancer 41:41-6. 2001
    ..These results suggest that soy milk intake, as a marker of isoflavone intake, is not associated with serum sex hormone concentrations among free-living Western men...
  8. ncbi Dietary fibre intake and ischaemic heart disease mortality: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Heart study
    F L Crowe
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    Eur J Clin Nutr 66:950-6. 2012
    ..The objective of this study was to assess the associations of total and food sources of dietary fibre with IHD mortality in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Heart study...
  9. ncbi Soy milk intake and plasma sex hormones: a cross-sectional study in pre- and postmenopausal women (EPIC-Oxford)
    P K Verkasalo
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK
    Nutr Cancer 40:79-86. 2001
    ..We conclude that soy milk intake does not change plasma concentrations of sex hormones in pre- or postmenopausal British women who consume soy milk as a part of their regular diet...
  10. ncbi Soya intake and plasma concentrations of daidzein and genistein: validity of dietary assessment among eighty British women (Oxford arm of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)
    P K Verkasalo
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    Br J Nutr 86:415-21. 2001
    ....
  11. ncbi Cancer incidence in British vegetarians
    T J Key
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 101:192-7. 2009
    ..Few prospective studies have examined cancer incidence among vegetarians...
  12. ncbi Hormones and diet: low insulin-like growth factor-I but normal bioavailable androgens in vegan men
    N E Allen
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 83:95-7. 2000
    ....
  13. ncbi A prospective study of urinary oestrogen excretion and breast cancer risk
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 73:1615-9. 1996
    ..016). We conclude that high levels of endogenous oestrogens in post-menopausal women are associated with increased breast cancer risk, but that the relationship of oestrogens in premenopausal women with risk is unclear...
  14. ncbi The Oxford Vegetarian Study: an overview
    P N Appleby
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, United Kingdom
    Am J Clin Nutr 70:525S-531S. 1999
    ..Thus, the health of vegetarians in this study is generally good and compares favorably with that of the nonvegetarian control subjects. Larger studies are needed to examine rates of specific cancers and other diseases among vegetarians...
  15. ncbi A prospective study of endogenous serum hormone concentrations and breast cancer risk in premenopausal women on the island of Guernsey
    H V Thomas
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 75:1075-9. 1997
    ..64; testosterone 4% higher, P = 0.57; SHBG 8% higher, P = 0.24. The small difference in oestradiol concentration could be aetiologically important, but larger prospective studies are needed...
  16. ncbi A prospective study of endogenous serum hormone concentrations and breast cancer risk in post-menopausal women on the island of Guernsey
    H V Thomas
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 76:401-5. 1997
    ..These data provide evidence that serum oestradiol concentrations in post-menopausal women may have a substantial effect on breast cancer risk...
  17. ncbi Plasma phyto-oestrogens and prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
    R C Travis
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
    Br J Cancer 100:1817-23. 2009
    ..These results suggest that higher concentrations of circulating genistein may reduce the risk of prostate cancer but do not support an association with plasma lignans...
  18. ncbi Animal foods, protein, calcium and prostate cancer risk: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
    N E Allen
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 98:1574-81. 2008
    ..The results support the hypothesis that a high intake of protein or calcium from dairy products may increase the risk for prostate cancer...
  19. ncbi A case-control study of diet and prostate cancer
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 76:678-87. 1997
    ..This study does not support the hypothesis that fat increases risk and is equivocal in relation to carotene. The possible relationships of vitamin B6, garlic, beans and peas with risk for prostate cancer should be further investigated...
  20. ncbi The dose-effect relationship between 'unopposed' oestrogens and endometrial mitotic rate: its central role in explaining and predicting endometrial cancer risk
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund s Epidemiology Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 57:205-12. 1988
    ....
  21. ncbi Oral contraceptive use and reproductive factors and risk of ovarian cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
    K K Tsilidis
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 105:1436-42. 2011
    ..It is well established that parity and use of oral contraceptives reduce the risk of ovarian cancer, but the associations with other reproductive variables are less clear...
  22. ncbi Serum concentrations of vitamin B12 and folate in British male omnivores, vegetarians and vegans: results from a cross-sectional analysis of the EPIC-Oxford cohort study
    A M J Gilsing
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    Eur J Clin Nutr 64:933-9. 2010
    ....
  23. ncbi The effect of diet on serum insulin-like growth-factor-I and its main binding proteins
    N E Allen
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford, UK
    IARC Sci Publ 156:295-6. 2002
  24. ncbi Nutrition, lifestyle and colorectal cancer incidence: a prospective investigation of 10998 vegetarians and non-vegetarians in the United Kingdom
    M A Sanjoaquin
    Cancer Research UK, Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK
    Br J Cancer 90:118-21. 2004
    ..Risk increased in association with smoking, alcohol, and white bread consumption, and decreased with frequent consumption of fruit. The relative risk in vegetarians compared with nonvegetarians was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.55-1.32)...
  25. ncbi Cigarette smoking and urinary oestrogen excretion in premenopausal and post-menopausal women
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 74:1313-6. 1996
    ..This may partly explain the reduced risk for endometrial cancer among post-menopausal smokers...
  26. ncbi Sex hormones in women in rural China and in Britain
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 62:631-6. 1990
    ..002) lower in the British than in the Chinese women at ages 55-64. Prolactin concentrations did not differ significantly between the two countries in any age group...
  27. ncbi A prospective study of serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), IGF-II, IGF-binding protein-3 and breast cancer risk
    N E Allen
    Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK
    Br J Cancer 92:1283-7. 2005
    ..These data are compatible with the hypothesis that premenopausal women with a relatively high circulating concentration of IGF-I and low IGFBP-3 are at an increased risk of developing breast cancer...
  28. ncbi Diet and body mass index in 38000 EPIC-Oxford meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans
    E A Spencer
    Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27:728-34. 2003
    ....
  29. ncbi Circulating sex hormones and breast cancer risk factors in postmenopausal women: reanalysis of 13 studies
    T J Key
    Endogenous Hormones and Breast Cancer Collaborative Group, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
    Br J Cancer 105:709-22. 2011
    ..Breast cancer risk for postmenopausal women is positively associated with circulating concentrations of oestrogens and androgens, but the determinants of these hormones are not well understood...
  30. ncbi Oestradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin in premenopausal and post-menopausal meat-eaters, vegetarians and vegans
    H V Thomas
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 80:1470-5. 1999
    ....
  31. ncbi Mortality and fresh fruit consumption
    P N Appleby
    Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Gibson Building, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, OX2 6HE, UK
    IARC Sci Publ 156:131-3. 2002
  32. ncbi Oral contraceptives, reproductive history and risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
    K K Tsilidis
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 7LF Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 103:1755-9. 2010
    ..Oral contraceptive use and reproductive factors may initiate long-term changes to the hormonal milieu and thereby, possibly influence colorectal cancer risk...
  33. ncbi Shift work and chronic disease: the epidemiological evidence
    X S Wang
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    Occup Med (Lond) 61:78-89. 2011
    ..Recent reviews of evidence relating to these hypotheses have focussed on specific diseases or potential mechanisms, but no general summary of the current data on shift work and chronic disease has been published...
  34. ncbi A case-control study of cryptorchidism and maternal hormone concentrations in early pregnancy
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 73:698-701. 1996
    ....
  35. ncbi Validation study of soya intake and plasma isoflavone levels among British women
    P K Verkasalo
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, University of Oxford, UK
    IARC Sci Publ 156:135-6. 2002
  36. ncbi Use of hormonal therapy for menopause in nine European countries
    E Banks
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Gibson Building, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK
    IARC Sci Publ 156:301-3. 2002
  37. ncbi Body mass index, serum sex hormones, and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women
    T J Key
    Cancer Research U K Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Gibson Bldg, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK
    J Natl Cancer Inst 95:1218-26. 2003
    ..Obesity is associated with increased breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women. We examined whether this association could be explained by the relationship of body mass index (BMI) with serum sex hormone concentrations...
  38. ncbi Sex hormone binding globulin and risk factors for breast cancer in a population of normal women who had never used exogenous sex hormones
    J W Moore
    Clinical Endocrinology Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London, UK
    Br J Cancer 56:661-6. 1987
    ..In postmenopausal women, SHBG increased with years since the menopause. The possible biological importance of these findings is discussed with particular reference to risk factors for breast cancer...
  39. ncbi Soya foods and breast cancer risk: a prospective study in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan
    T J Key
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 81:1248-56. 1999
    ....
  40. ncbi Carbohydrates and cancer: an overview of the epidemiological evidence
    T J Key
    Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    Eur J Clin Nutr 61:S112-21. 2007
    ..To assess the epidemiological evidence on dietary carbohydrates and the risk of developing cancer...
  41. ncbi Endogenous sex hormones and prostate cancer: a quantitative review of prospective studies
    N E Eaton
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
    Br J Cancer 80:930-4. 1999
    ..Further research is needed to substantiate the small difference found in A-diol-g concentrations between prostate cancer cases and controls...
  42. ncbi Hormones and breast cancer
    T J Key
    Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Gibson Building, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK
    IARC Sci Publ 156:273-6. 2002
  43. ncbi A case--control study of selenium in nails and prostate cancer risk in British men
    N E Allen
    Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Gibson Building, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK
    Br J Cancer 90:1392-6. 2004
    ..78, 95% CI, 0.27-2.25). These results suggest that selenium is not strongly associated with prostate cancer risk in British men...
  44. ncbi Fruit and vegetables and cancer risk
    T J Key
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
    Br J Cancer 104:6-11. 2011
    ....
  45. ncbi Prostate cancer: rates in Europe, dietary hypotheses, and plans for EPIC
    T J Key
    Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Gibson Building, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, OX2 6HE, UK
    IARC Sci Publ 156:197-200. 2002
  46. ncbi The association between polymorphisms in the CYP17 and 5alpha-reductase (SRD5A2) genes and serum androgen concentrations in men
    N E Allen
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford, United Kingdom
    Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 10:185-9. 2001
    ..These results suggest that the CYP17 MspA1 I polymorphism is not associated with testosterone concentrations and that the SRD5A2 V89L polymorphism is not a strong determinant of A-diol-g concentration in Caucasian men...
  47. ncbi A prospective study of serum bile acid concentrations and colorectal cancer risk in post-menopausal women on the island of Guernsey
    V Costarelli
    Nutrition Food and Health Research Centre, King s College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, London SE1 8WA, UK
    Br J Cancer 86:1741-4. 2002
    ....
  48. ncbi Cytokine gene polymorphisms and the risk of adenocarcinoma of the stomach in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC-EURGAST)
    J B A Crusius
    Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    Ann Oncol 19:1894-902. 2008
    ..The relative contribution to gastric cancer (GC) risk of variants in genes that determine the inflammatory response remains mostly unknown and results from genotyping studies are inconsistent...
  49. ncbi DNA repair polymorphisms and cancer risk in non-smokers in a cohort study
    G Matullo
    ISI Foundation and Department of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
    Carcinogenesis 27:997-1007. 2006
    ..Further investigations of the combined effects of polymorphisms within these DNA repair genes, smoking and other risk factors may help to clarify the influence of genetic variation in the carcinogenic process...
  50. ncbi Long-term weight change and breast cancer risk: the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC)
    P H Lahmann
    Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam Rehbrucke, Arthur Scheunert Allee 114 116, Nuthetal 14558, Germany
    Br J Cancer 93:582-9. 2005
    ..Our findings suggest that large adult weight gain was a significant predictor of breast cancer in postmenopausal women not taking exogenous hormones...
  51. ncbi Postmenopausal serum androgens, oestrogens and breast cancer risk: the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition
    R Kaaks
    International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC WHO, Lyon, France
    Endocr Relat Cancer 12:1071-82. 2005
    ..The results from this study caution against the use of DHEA(S), or other androgens, for postmenopausal androgen replacement therapy...