S L Johnston

Summary

Affiliation: Imperial College
Country: UK

Publications

  1. ncbi Overview of virus-induced airway disease
    Sebastian L Johnston
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Proc Am Thorac Soc 2:150-6. 2005
  2. ncbi Rhinovirus infection induces degradation of antimicrobial peptides and secondary bacterial infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    Patrick Mallia
    National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 186:1117-24. 2012
  3. ncbi Viruses exacerbating chronic pulmonary disease: the role of immune modulation
    Aran Singanayagam
    National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    BMC Med 10:27. 2012
  4. ncbi An experimental model of rhinovirus induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations: a pilot study
    Patrick Mallia
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, UK
    Respir Res 7:116. 2006
  5. ncbi IL-4 increases type 2, but not type 1, cytokine production in CD8+ T cells from mild atopic asthmatics
    Luminita A Stanciu
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Wright Fleming Institute for Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK
    Respir Res 6:67. 2005
  6. ncbi Increased proinflammatory responses from asthmatic human airway smooth muscle cells in response to rhinovirus infection
    Brian G G Oliver
    Department of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
    Respir Res 7:71. 2006
  7. ncbi Innate immunity in the pathogenesis of virus-induced asthma exacerbations
    Sebastian L Johnston
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Proc Am Thorac Soc 4:267-70. 2007
  8. ncbi Macrolide antibiotics and asthma treatment
    Sebastian L Johnston
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, and the Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London
    J Allergy Clin Immunol 117:1233-6. 2006
  9. ncbi The effect of telithromycin in acute exacerbations of asthma
    Sebastian L Johnston
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
    N Engl J Med 354:1589-600. 2006
  10. ncbi Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae: a role in asthma pathogenesis?
    Sebastian L Johnston
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 172:1078-89. 2005

Detail Information

Publications82

  1. ncbi Overview of virus-induced airway disease
    Sebastian L Johnston
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Proc Am Thorac Soc 2:150-6. 2005
    ..Studies in asthma have paved the way for development of an asthma model; a similar experimental model in COPD would accelerate development of new therapies for these common diseases with enormous burdens of illness...
  2. ncbi Rhinovirus infection induces degradation of antimicrobial peptides and secondary bacterial infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    Patrick Mallia
    National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 186:1117-24. 2012
    ..Objectives: To investigate relationships between rhinovirus infection and bacterial infection and the role of antimicrobial peptides in COPD exacerbations...
  3. ncbi Viruses exacerbating chronic pulmonary disease: the role of immune modulation
    Aran Singanayagam
    National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    BMC Med 10:27. 2012
    ..The aim of this article is to review the current knowledge regarding the role of viruses and immune modulation in chronic pulmonary diseases and discuss avenues for future research and therapeutic implications...
  4. ncbi An experimental model of rhinovirus induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations: a pilot study
    Patrick Mallia
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, UK
    Respir Res 7:116. 2006
    ..Development of a human experimental model would provide evidence of causation and would greatly facilitate understanding mechanisms, but no such model exists...
  5. ncbi IL-4 increases type 2, but not type 1, cytokine production in CD8+ T cells from mild atopic asthmatics
    Luminita A Stanciu
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Wright Fleming Institute for Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK
    Respir Res 6:67. 2005
    ..In this study, we investigated whether excess IL-4 during repeated TCR/CD3 stimulation of CD8+ T cells from atopic asthmatic subjects alters the balance of type 1/type 2 cytokine production in favour of the latter...
  6. ncbi Increased proinflammatory responses from asthmatic human airway smooth muscle cells in response to rhinovirus infection
    Brian G G Oliver
    Department of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
    Respir Res 7:71. 2006
    ..We hypothesised that rhinovirus induction of inflammatory cytokine release from airway smooth muscle is augmented and differentially regulated in asthmatic compared to normal HASM cells...
  7. ncbi Innate immunity in the pathogenesis of virus-induced asthma exacerbations
    Sebastian L Johnston
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Proc Am Thorac Soc 4:267-70. 2007
    ....
  8. ncbi Macrolide antibiotics and asthma treatment
    Sebastian L Johnston
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, and the Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London
    J Allergy Clin Immunol 117:1233-6. 2006
    ..Further studies are urgently required to assess the role of such therapies in acute exacerbations and in severe stable asthma, in which the risk/benefit ratios are likely to be most in favor of therapy demonstrated to be effective...
  9. ncbi The effect of telithromycin in acute exacerbations of asthma
    Sebastian L Johnston
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
    N Engl J Med 354:1589-600. 2006
    ..We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of telithromycin in patients with acute exacerbations of asthma...
  10. ncbi Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae: a role in asthma pathogenesis?
    Sebastian L Johnston
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 172:1078-89. 2005
    ..The possible role of antibacterial therapy in the management of asthma and the need for well-designed studies to investigate this is also discussed...
  11. ncbi How viral infections cause exacerbation of airway diseases
    Patrick Mallia
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Pl, London W2 1PG, UK
    Chest 130:1203-10. 2006
    ..In addition, such studies can identify new therapeutic targets for the development of novel drugs for the prevention and treatment of exacerbations...
  12. ncbi Azithromycin induces anti-viral responses in bronchial epithelial cells
    V Gielen
    Dept of Respiratory Medicine National Heart and Lung Institute St Mary s Campus, Imperial College London, MRC and Asthma UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, W2 1PG, London, UK
    Eur Respir J 36:646-54. 2010
    ..In conclusion, the results demonstrate that azithromycin has anti-rhinoviral activity in bronchial epithelial cells and, during rhinovirus infection, increases the production of interferon-stimulated genes...
  13. ncbi Exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): focus on virus induced exacerbations
    P Mallia
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, UK
    Curr Pharm Des 13:73-97. 2007
    ..It will also review existing treatments and future treatments that are in advanced stages of development...
  14. ncbi Mouse models of rhinovirus-induced disease and exacerbation of allergic airway inflammation
    Nathan W Bartlett
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, UK National Heart and Lung Institute, and Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Nat Med 14:199-204. 2008
    ..These models have features similar to those observed in rhinovirus infection in humans, including augmentation of allergic airway inflammation, and will be useful in the development of future therapies for colds and asthma exacerbations...
  15. ncbi Corticosteroids and beta2 agonists differentially regulate rhinovirus-induced interleukin-6 via distinct Cis-acting elements
    Michael R Edwards
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
    J Biol Chem 282:15366-75. 2007
    ....
  16. ncbi Rhinovirus induces MUC5AC in a human infection model and in vitro via NF-κB and EGFR pathways
    C A Hewson
    Dept of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
    Eur Respir J 36:1425-35. 2010
    ..Revealing the complex serial signalling cascade involved identifies targets for development of pharmacologic intervention to treat mucus hypersecretion in RV-induced illness...
  17. ncbi Cough and viruses in airways disease: mechanisms
    Joseph Footitt
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK
    Pulm Pharmacol Ther 22:108-13. 2009
    ..Developing a clearer understanding of the mechanisms underlying virus induced cough may lead to more specific and effective therapies...
  18. ncbi RSV infection modulates IL-15 production and MICA levels in respiratory epithelial cells
    M T Zdrenghea
    Dept of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma and Centre for Respiratory Infection, Imperial College London, London, UK
    Eur Respir J 39:712-20. 2012
    ..IFN-γ upregulated RSV induction of soluble IL-15 but inhibited induction of MICA. Upregulation of IL-15, MHC I and MICA are likely to be important mechanisms in activating immune responses to RSV by epithelial cells...
  19. ncbi Respiratory virus induction of alpha-, beta- and lambda-interferons in bronchial epithelial cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells
    M R Khaitov
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity and MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK
    Allergy 64:375-86. 2009
    ..Rhinoviruses and other respiratory viruses infect both BECs and macrophages, but their relative capacities for alpha-, beta- and lambda-interferon production are unknown...
  20. ncbi Rhinovirus-induced lower respiratory illness is increased in asthma and related to virus load and Th1/2 cytokine and IL-10 production
    Simon D Message
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Center in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:13562-7. 2008
    ....
  21. ncbi The immunology of virus infection in asthma
    S D Message
    National Heart and Lung Institute, Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine at St Mary's, London, UK
    Eur Respir J 18:1013-25. 2001
    ..The consequence is delayed viral clearance, persistent virus-induced inflammation and amplification of the allergic inflammation...
  22. ncbi The role of viruses in acute exacerbations of asthma
    David J Jackson
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
    J Allergy Clin Immunol 125:1178-87; quiz 1188-9. 2010
    ....
  23. ncbi Genetics and epidemiology: asthma and infection
    Nathan W Bartlett
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK
    Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 9:395-400. 2009
    ....
  24. ncbi New treatment regimes for virus-induced exacerbations of asthma
    Michael R Edwards
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, National Heart Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK
    Pulm Pharmacol Ther 19:320-34. 2006
    ..Finally, the potential for future anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory therapies with a focus on NF-kappaB inhibition will be discussed...
  25. ncbi Respiratory syncytial virus, airway inflammation, and FEV1 decline in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    Tom M A Wilkinson
    Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, University College London, Royal Free and University College Medical School, Hampstead Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 173:871-6. 2006
    ..CONCLUSIONs: Persistent RSV detection in patients with COPD is associated with airway inflammation and accelerated decline in FEV(1). Chronic RSV infection may be a novel therapeutic target to alter the natural history of COPD...
  26. ncbi Etiology of asthma exacerbations
    Annemarie Sykes
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Imperial College London, London, UK
    J Allergy Clin Immunol 122:685-8. 2008
    ..An increased understanding of the inflammatory pathways might lead to identification of targets for the development of novel prevention or treatment strategies...
  27. ncbi Protein kinase R, IkappaB kinase-beta and NF-kappaB are required for human rhinovirus induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production in bronchial epithelial cells
    Michael R Edwards
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Mol Immunol 44:1587-97. 2007
    ..These molecules regulating rhinovirus induction of inflammation represent therapeutic targets...
  28. ncbi Role of respiratory viral infections in the development of atopic conditions
    Ross P Walton
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
    Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 8:150-3. 2008
    ..This article aims to review the current understanding of the complex relationship between lower respiratory tract viral infections and their impact upon development of atopy in the airway...
  29. ncbi Signalling pathways mediating type I interferon gene expression
    Michael R Edwards
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, MRC Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, St Marys Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Microbes Infect 9:1245-51. 2007
    ..This review provides a timely summary of this rapidly expanding field, focusing specifically on the various viral RNA binding molecules and their associated signalling pathways...
  30. ncbi Host defense function of the airway epithelium in health and disease: clinical background
    Simon D Message
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine at St Mary s, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    J Leukoc Biol 75:5-17. 2004
    ..Further research will be necessary to determine whether modification of EC responses to respiratory virus infection will be of therapeutic benefit...
  31. ncbi Oral oseltamivir improves pulmonary function and reduces exacerbation frequency for influenza-infected children with asthma
    Sebastian L Johnston
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
    Pediatr Infect Dis J 24:225-32. 2005
    ..CONCLUSIONS: Oseltamivir is safe and well-tolerated among asthmatic children, may reduce symptom duration and helps improve lung function and reduce asthma exacerbations during influenza infection...
  32. ncbi Induction of type 2 activity in adult human CD8(+) T cells by repeated stimulation and IL-4
    L A Stanciu
    National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Int Immunol 13:341-8. 2001
    ..These mechanisms may be important in virus-induced lung eosinophilic inflammation in healthy subjects and virus-induced exacerbations of asthma...
  33. ncbi Role of deficient type III interferon-lambda production in asthma exacerbations
    Marco Contoli
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Nat Med 12:1023-6. 2006
    ..These results identify previously unknown mechanisms of susceptibility to infection in asthma and suggest new approaches to prevention and/or treatment of asthma exacerbations...
  34. ncbi Rhinovirus replication in human macrophages induces NF-kappaB-dependent tumor necrosis factor alpha production
    Vasile Laza-Stanca
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
    J Virol 80:8248-58. 2006
    ..They also confirm inhibition of NF-kappaB as a promising target for development of new therapeutic intervention strategies...
  35. ncbi Mechanisms and experimental models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations
    Patrick Mallia
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Proc Am Thorac Soc 2:361-6; discussion 371-2. 2005
    ..The development of experimental models of exacerbation-for example, the use of experimental rhinovirus infection in humans with COPD-would greatly facilitate studies of exacerbations...
  36. ncbi Viruses in asthma
    Simon D Message
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
    Br Med Bull 61:29-43. 2002
    ..Knowledge of the immunopathogenetic mechanisms of virus infection in the asthmatic airway will lead to the development of new treatments for virus-induced asthma...
  37. ncbi Increased aeroallergen-specific interleukin-4-producing T cells in asthmatic adults
    P Pala
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK
    Clin Exp Allergy 32:1739-44. 2002
    ....
  38. ncbi Combination therapy: Synergistic suppression of virus-induced chemokines in airway epithelial cells
    Michael R Edwards
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, W2 1PG, London, UK
    Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 34:616-24. 2006
    ..Corticosteroids and beta2 agonists suppress rhinovirus-induced chemokines in bronchial epithelial cells through synergistic and additive mechanisms. This effect was greater for lymphocyte- than for neutrophil-related chemokines...
  39. ncbi Air pollution and infection in respiratory illness
    Anoop J Chauhan
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, St Mary s Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
    Br Med Bull 68:95-112. 2003
    ....
  40. ncbi Respiratory viruses: do they protect from or induce asthma?
    P Mallia
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK
    Allergy 57:1118-29. 2002
  41. ncbi Diagnosis of pathogens in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    Annemarie Sykes
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
    Proc Am Thorac Soc 4:642-6. 2007
    ....
  42. ncbi IL-1beta induces IL-8 in bronchial cells via NF-kappaB and NF-IL6 transcription factors and can be suppressed by glucocorticoids
    Michael R Edwards
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, St Mary s Hospital, National Heart Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place W2 1PG, London, UK
    Pulm Pharmacol Ther 18:337-45. 2005
    ....
  43. ncbi Respiratory syncytial virus persistence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    Markus B Sikkel
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity and MRC, Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Imperial College London, London, UK
    Pediatr Infect Dis J 27:S63-70. 2008
    ..Persistence of RSV in COPD may have direct relevance to the pathogenesis of childhood diseases such as postbronchiolitic wheeze and asthma...
  44. ncbi Toll-like receptor 3 is induced by and mediates antiviral activity against rhinovirus infection of human bronchial epithelial cells
    Christopher A Hewson
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
    J Virol 79:12273-9. 2005
    ..This study demonstrates an important functional requirement for TLR3 in the host response against live virus infection and indicates that poly(IC) is not always a good model for studying the biology of live virus infection...
  45. ncbi Influenza infection and COPD
    Patrick Mallia
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, UK
    Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2:55-64. 2007
    ..However the constant emergence of new influenza strains and the current risk of avian influenza pandemic serve as warnings that influenza will remain a serious pathogen for the foreseeable future...
  46. ncbi Expression of programmed death-1 ligand (PD-L) 1, PD-L2, B7-H3, and inducible costimulator ligand on human respiratory tract epithelial cells and regulation by respiratory syncytial virus and type 1 and 2 cytokines
    Luminita A Stanciu
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK
    J Infect Dis 193:404-12. 2006
    ..RSV infection increases their expression, and this expression is differentially regulated by IFN-gamma and IL-4. These processes may be involved in decreasing T cell antiviral immune responses to RSV and in RSV-associated wheezing...
  47. ncbi Experimental rhinovirus infection as a human model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation
    Patrick Mallia
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 183:734-42. 2011
    ..We hypothesized that experimental rhinovirus infection in subjects with COPD would reproduce the features of naturally occurring COPD exacerbations and is a valid model of COPD exacerbations...
  48. ncbi Local CD11c+ MHC class II- precursors generate lung dendritic cells during respiratory viral infection, but are depleted in the process
    Hongwei Wang
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute and Wright Fleming Institute of Infection and Immunity, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
    J Immunol 177:2536-42. 2006
    ..This depletion of local DC precursors in respiratory viral infections may be important in explaining complex interactions between multiple and intercurrent pulmonary infections...
  49. ncbi Anti-influenza therapies
    Sebastian L Johnston
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, UK
    Virus Res 82:147-52. 2002
  50. ncbi IFN-gamma-induced protein 10 is a novel biomarker of rhinovirus-induced asthma exacerbations
    Peter A B Wark
    Brooke Laboratories, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
    J Allergy Clin Immunol 120:586-93. 2007
    ..Rhinovirus-induced acute asthma is the most frequent trigger for asthma exacerbations...
  51. ncbi A human rhinovirus model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations
    Marco Contoli
    Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Research Center on Asthma and COPD, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
    Contrib Microbiol 14:101-12. 2007
    ..In this chapter we will focus on the role of viral infections in COPD exacerbations and will discuss preliminary reports regarding the development of this human model of virus-induced COPD exacerbation...
  52. ncbi Human rhinovirus 1B exposure induces phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent airway inflammation in mice
    Dawn C Newcomb
    Medical Sciences Research Building II, 1150 W Medical Center Drive, Room 3570B, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 0688, USA
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 177:1111-21. 2008
    ..Infection with rhinovirus (RV) triggers exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease...
  53. ncbi Type 1 and type 2 cytokine imbalance in acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis
    Julian P Legg
    Department of Child Health, Infection, Inflammation and Repair Division, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 168:633-9. 2003
    ..There was no difference in initial RSV load. These data strongly implicate excess type 2 and/or deficient type 1 immune responses in the pathogenesis of RSV bronchiolitis...
  54. ncbi Mechanisms of rhinovirus-induced asthma
    Nikolaos G Papadopoulos
    Allergy Department, Second Paediatric Clinic, University of Athens, Greece
    Paediatr Respir Rev 5:255-60. 2004
    ....
  55. ncbi Airborne rhinovirus detection and effect of ultraviolet irradiation on detection by a semi-nested RT-PCR assay
    Theodore A Myatt
    Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    BMC Public Health 3:5. 2003
    ..As a first step in studies of possible airborne rhinovirus transmission, we developed methods to detect aerosolized rhinovirus by extending existing technology for detecting infectious agents in nasal specimens...
  56. ncbi Synergism between allergens and viruses and risk of hospital admission with asthma: case-control study
    Rosalind M Green
    North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester M23 9LT
    BMJ 324:763. 2002
    ..4, 2.1 to 32.8; P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Allergens and viruses may act together to exacerbate asthma...
  57. ncbi Frequency, severity, and duration of rhinovirus infections in asthmatic and non-asthmatic individuals: a longitudinal cohort study
    Jonathan M Corne
    University Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
    Lancet 359:831-4. 2002
    ..Rhinovirus infections cause exacerbations of asthma. We postulated that people with asthma are more susceptible to rhinovirus infection than people without the disease and compared the susceptibility of these groups...
  58. ncbi Experimental models of rhinovirus-induced exacerbations of asthma: where to now?
    Sebastian L Johnston
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 168:1145-6. 2003
  59. ncbi Models of infection and exacerbations in COPD
    Alberto Papi
    Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Research Centre on Asthma and COPD, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
    Curr Opin Pharmacol 7:259-65. 2007
    ..The model will give us the opportunity to highlight key inflammatory mediators representing possible therapeutic targets for the development of novel drugs able to treat and prevent acute episodes in COPD...
  60. ncbi Rhinovirus viremia in children with respiratory infections
    Maria Xatzipsalti
    Allergy Department, Second Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 172:1037-40. 2005
    ..CONCLUSIONS: Viremia may occur during RV respiratory infections in normal children and is rather common in the early course of acute asthma exacerbations, suggesting that rhinoviremia may be involved in asthma exacerbation pathogenesis...
  61. ncbi Asthmatic bronchial epithelial cells have a deficient innate immune response to infection with rhinovirus
    Peter A B Wark
    The Brooke Laboratories, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    J Exp Med 201:937-47. 2005
    ..These data suggest a novel use for type I interferons in the treatment or prevention of virus-induced asthma exacerbations...
  62. ncbi Montelukast reduces asthma exacerbations in 2- to 5-year-old children with intermittent asthma
    Hans Bisgaard
    Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK 2920 Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 171:315-22. 2005
    ..027) compared with placebo. Montelukast effectively reduced asthma exacerbations in 2- to 5-year-old patients with intermittent asthma over 12 months of treatment and was generally well tolerated...
  63. ncbi Increased interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interferon-gamma in airway CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in atopic asthma
    Sang Heon Cho
    Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 171:224-30. 2005
    ..These data demonstrate increased type 1 and 2 cytokine production in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in sputum and relate production to disease severity. Findings in blood did not reflect those in airways...
  64. ncbi Role of respiratory viruses in acute upper and lower respiratory tract illness in the first year of life: a birth cohort study
    Merci M H Kusel
    Division of Clinical Sciences, Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Australia
    Pediatr Infect Dis J 25:680-6. 2006
    ..Most studies have focused on hospitalized children or children from closed populations. It is essential that the viral etiology of these clinical diseases be accurately defined in the development of antiviral drugs...
  65. ncbi Molecular mechanisms of respiratory virus-induced asthma and COPD exacerbations and pneumonia
    Gaetano Caramori
    Centro di Ricerca su Asma e BPCO, University of Ferrara, Italy
    Curr Med Chem 13:2267-90. 2006
    ..Clearly this is an exciting new area of ongoing research with promising therapeutic potential...
  66. ncbi The role of antibiotics in asthma
    Francesco Blasi
    Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Milan, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Milan, Italy
    Int J Antimicrob Agents 29:485-93. 2007
    ..The ketolide antibiotics may also have similar properties. This paper discusses the role of these antibiotics in the management of asthma...
  67. ncbi Frequency of detection of picornaviruses and seven other respiratory pathogens in infants
    Julian P Legg
    Allergy and Inflammation Sciences, School of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
    Pediatr Infect Dis J 24:611-6. 2005
    ..We report a prospective study designed to determine the frequency and clinical presentation of community-acquired respiratory illness in infancy associated with 8 common respiratory pathogens...
  68. ncbi Detection of airborne rhinovirus and its relation to outdoor air supply in office environments
    Theodore A Myatt
    Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115-6021, USA
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 169:1187-90. 2004
    ..These results suggest that occupants in buildings with low outdoor air supply may have an increased risk of exposure to infectious droplet nuclei emanating from a fellow building occupant...
  69. ncbi Role of viral infections, atopy and antiviral immunity in the etiology of wheezing exacerbations among children and young adults
    Peter W Heymann
    Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia Asthma and Allergic Diseases Center, PO Box 800386, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
    Pediatr Infect Dis J 24:S217-22, discussion S220-1. 2005
    ..Rhinoviruses have often been associated with trivial upper respiratory infections but more recent evidence suggests that they play a significant role in the pathogenesis of asthma exacerbations...
  70. ncbi Rhinovirus infections: more than a common cold
    Marc B Hershenson
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 174:1284-5. 2006
  71. ncbi Early-life respiratory viral infections, atopic sensitization, and risk of subsequent development of persistent asthma
    Merci M H Kusel
    Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, West Perth, Australia
    J Allergy Clin Immunol 119:1105-10. 2007
    ..Severe lower respiratory infections (LRIs) and atopic sensitization have been identified as independent risk factors for asthma...
  72. ncbi Infections and airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severe exacerbations
    Alberto Papi
    Research Center on Asthma and COPD, Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, I-41100 Modena, Italy
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 173:1114-21. 2006
    ..Airway neutrophilia is related to exacerbation severity regardless of viral and/or bacterial infections. Eosinophilia is a good predictor of viral exacerbations...
  73. ncbi The September epidemic of asthma exacerbations in children: a search for etiology
    Neil W Johnston
    Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph s Healthcare and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
    J Allergy Clin Immunol 115:132-8. 2005
    ..Predictable peaks of asthma exacerbation requiring hospital treatment, of greatest magnitude in children and of uncertain etiology, occur globally after school returns...
  74. ncbi Review of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of glucocorticoids for use in asthma
    Shelby P Umland
    Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
    Pulm Pharmacol Ther 15:35-50. 2002
    ..A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved might provide strategies for optimizing the effectiveness of GC in the treatment of asthma...
  75. ncbi Use of induced sputum for the diagnosis of influenza and infections in asthma: a comparison of diagnostic techniques
    Jodie L Simpson
    Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Locked Bag 1, Hunter Region Mail Centre, Newcastle, New South Wales 2310, Australia
    J Clin Virol 26:339-46. 2003
    ..The improved sensitivity of induced sputum RT-PCR also permits a more rapid diagnosis and the opportunity of early administration of effective treatments...
  76. ncbi Reducing agents inhibit rhinovirus-induced up-regulation of the rhinovirus receptor intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in respiratory epithelial cells
    Alberto Papi
    University Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
    FASEB J 16:1934-6. 2002
    ..This oxidant generation was completely inhibited by GSH. We conclude that redox-mediated intracellular pathways represent an important target for the therapeutic control of rhinovirus-induced diseases...
  77. ncbi Mouse respiratory epithelial cells support efficient replication of human rhinovirus
    Tobias J Tuthill
    Division of Microbiology, School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
    J Gen Virol 84:2829-36. 2003
    ..These observations suggest that the development of mouse models of respiratory tract infection by major as well as minor group HRV should be pursued...
  78. ncbi Echinacea in the prevention of induced rhinovirus colds: a meta-analysis
    Roland Schoop
    A Vogel Bioforce AG, Roggwil, Switzerland
    Clin Ther 28:174-83. 2006
    ..Experimental infection studies allow for the standardization of time to initiation of treatment, virus type and dose, and immune competence of volunteers...
  79. ncbi Pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis-related wheezing
    Stelios Psarras
    Allergy Unit, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, Greece
    Paediatr Respir Rev 5:S179-84. 2004
    ..In that sense, RSV bronchiolitis may serve as a marker, reflecting predisposition of the individual for virus induced wheezing early in life and/or asthma later in life...
  80. ncbi Cord blood hemopoietic progenitor profiles predict acute respiratory symptoms in infancy
    Rochelle Fernandes
    Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
    Pediatr Allergy Immunol 19:239-47. 2008
    ..The elevation of IL-3/GM-CSF-responsive Eo/B progenitors in high-risk infants in relation to ARI outcomes suggests a mechanism for the increased severity of inflammatory responses in these subjects following viral infection...
  81. ncbi Pathophysiology of viral-induced exacerbations of COPD
    Alfredo Potena
    Unita Operativa di Fisiopatologia Respiratoria, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Arcispedale S Anna, Ferrara, Italy
    Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2:477-83. 2007
    ..In this review we will focus our attention on the relationship between common respiratory viral infections and the molecular and inflammatory mechanisms that lead to COPD exacerbation...
  82. ncbi Current research on respiratory viral infections: Fifth International Symposium
    Michael G Ison
    University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA
    Antiviral Res 62:75-110. 2004