M Ceyhan

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..Wet and dry environmental surfaces and equipment may act as a source or play a role in disseminating the microorganism. Outbreaks may be controlled with strong emphasis on infection control measures...

..We conclude that the differences observed in HAV sero-positivity among various geographical regions in Turkey support a universal HAV immunization policy for children currently living in regions of intermediate endemicity...

..2% for mumps. In conclusion, asymptomatic infections are important in the calculation of SARs in household contacts. PPV and NPV of medical history taken from parents might be useful when deciding the need for vaccination...

..Accurate information on the usage of antimicrobials, including factors associated with and influencing their use, is valuable for improving the quality of prescription practices...

..G1P[8] was the most widely prevalent strain (76% of strains), followed by G2P[4] (12.8%). G9P[8] was reported in samples from 3.9% of children. These data support the need for a rotavirus vaccine in Turkey...

..Further, the low rate of subclinical infection following contact with diseased poultry gave further support to the reported low infectivity of the virus...

..The most common serotypes were 19F and 6B. In children ≤2 years of age, the potential coverage rate of PCV7 was 69.5%. The most frequent non-PCV7 serotypes were 19A, 3, 1, 6A, and 8...

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..05). These results show that mumps meningoencephalitis causes a higher risk of hearing loss than does mumps...

..Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important pathogen for both children and adults. Although there is an effective vaccine, it is not protective under 2 years of age and common serotypes differ from one location to another...

..No serious drug-related adverse event was noticed. Meropenem monotherapy was as effective as piperacillin plus amikacin combination in the empirical treatment of neutropenic fever in children with lymphoma and solid tumors...

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..96, p < 0.001) on admission. Hepatitis A vaccine showed no immunogenicity in infants with presence of maternal antibodies. Hepatitis A vaccine is safe but it should be used after the disappearance of maternal antibodies...

..It is also suggested that effective immunization programs and better health care have probably resulted in some changes in the etiological profile of PF...

..faecium, and were also shown to carry the vanA gene. However, arbitrarily-primed-PCR and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis results could not confirm the source of the resistant strain nor did they suggest a clonal spread in the hospital...

..The aim of the study is to assess the effect of ring wearing and ring types on hand contamination and efficacy of alcohol-based hand disinfection among nurses working in intensive care settings...

..One of the major complication of mumps is meningoencephalitis, which although usually heals spontaneously, it may cause neurologic complications...

..5%), patient, respectively. Leishmaniasis was diagnosed in 2 patients (11%), and herpes simplex virus was diagnosed in 2 patients (11%). Six patients died during treatment, and 1 patient was lost to follow-up. The survival rate was 61%...

..Although the duration of cough is defined as longer than 21 d in some studies for pertussis case definition criteria, it was shorter than this in 3 of our cases...

..An outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) that had previously been detected throughout Asia, with major economic and health repercussions, extended to eastern Turkey in late December 2005 and early January 2006...

..This study indicates that one third of the leukemic children undergoing maintenence chemotherapy responded to HB vaccine with protective titers of anti-HBs. We recommend HB vaccination especially in developing countries...

..The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of live attenuated varicella vaccine (Oka-strain) in 9-month-old infants...

..pertussis obtained in both acute and convalescent sera--could be more sensitive than culture in the diagnosis of pertussis...

..6% overall, with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae being the two most common. Relative frequency of S. aureus decreased, whereas pneumococci and Haemophilus influenzae were more frequent in recent years...

..05 for all categories). PTA was as effective as carbapenem monotherapy as an initial empirical regimen in febrile neutropenic episodes of pediatric hematological malignancies...

..This study highlights the emergence of serogroup W-135 disease in Turkey and concludes that vaccines to prevent meningococcal disease in this region must provide reliable protection against this serogroup...

..Since ultrasonographic evaluation of each patient has limited additional benefits in clinical management, it must be reserved for selected cases to document abscess formation...

..Increase in the usage of specific viral serologic studies will probably lower the percentage of antibiotic usage and lower the costs of cultures...

..Four patients were diagnosed by postmortem examination. Elevated LDH levels were found in all patients tested. No significant differences for clinical and laboratory data were found between the two groups...

..To our best knowledge, there are only a few case reports presented with isolated bone involvement. This case demonstrates that congenital syphilis should be considered in neonates with bone fractures, lytic bone lesions and periostitis...

..Even though adjuvant dexamethasone therapy had no statistically significant impact on hearing ability after long-term follow-up, its use may be a good choice in terms of preventing serious SNHI...

..When the mortality rate was compared between the two treatment groups (amphotericin B vs fluconazole), mortality was significantly higher in patients receiving amphotericin B [n = 14 (93%) and n = 1 (7%), respectively]...

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..Overall, cefprozil seems to be advantageous in GABHS eradication by having less inhibitory effect on AHS...

..Hence, PCT might be helpful when deciding on initial therapy modification...