J M Geleijnse

..35; 0.13, 0.98) in upper compared with lower tertiles of intake. CONCLUSIONS: An increased intake of tea and flavonoids may contribute to the primary prevention of ischemic heart disease...

..For α-linolenic acid (ALA) obtained from vegetable sources, the effect on cognitive decline is unknown. We examined the effect of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on cognitive decline in coronary heart disease patients...

..This study quantified the contributions of body weight, physical inactivity and dietary factors to the prevalence of hypertension in Finland, Italy, the Netherlands, United Kingdom (UK) and USA...

..There is a need for food-based trials to establish the efficacy of low doses of n-3 fatty acids in CVD prevention...

..Although the precise nature of the relation between coffee and BP is still unclear, most evidence suggests that regular intake of caffeinated coffee does not increase the risk of hypertension...

..51 vs -0.34 mmHg, P=0.074). In conclusion, reduced intake of sodium and increased intake of potassium could make an important contribution to the prevention of hypertension, especially in populations with elevated blood pressure...

..These dietary measures, combined with weight loss and physical exercise, may prevent drug treatment in patients with mild hypertension...

..This review was performed to summarize new data from human intervention studies...

..Findings from long-term trials of ALA supplementation are awaited to answer the question whether food-based or higher doses of ALA could be important for cardiovascular health in cardiac patients and the general population...

..Data from large, well-controlled clinical trials in this field with vitamin D supplements of sufficiently high doses are awaited to settle this issue...

..We examined sodium and potassium intake in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in an unselected older population...

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..We examined EPA plus DHA and fish intake in relation to incident heart failure in the population-based Rotterdam Study...

..Epidemiologic and experimental data suggest a cardioprotective effect of n-3 (omega-3) fatty acids from fish [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)]...

..30 (-2.13 to -0.47) for diastolic BP. Our study suggests that an adequate intake of calcium should be recommended for the prevention of hypertension. More research on BP in people with calcium-deficient diets is warranted...

..We evaluated the associations of raw and processed fruit and vegetable consumption independently from each other with 10-year stroke incidence and stroke subtypes in a prospective population-based cohort study in the Netherlands...

..A beneficial effect of low-fat dairy on risk of hypertension, however, cannot be excluded, which warrants further investigation in prospective population-based studies...

..Major depression is known to be related to higher cardiovascular mortality. However, epidemiological data regarding dispositional optimism in relation to mortality are scanty...

..However, results from epidemiologic studies are inconclusive, and results from randomized trials in elderly subjects without dementia are lacking...

..We conclude that diet and lifestyle have a major impact on hypertension in Western societies. The relative significance of different risk factors varies among populations, which is important for preventive strategies...

..Polyunsaturated fatty acids can have beneficial effects on human immune cells, such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). However, the mechanisms of action of polyunsaturated fatty acids on immune cells are still largely unknown...

..In conclusion, intake of EPA+DHA was positively associated with dispositional optimism assessed with the 4Q, but not with optimism assessed with the LOT-R or with depressive symptoms...

..However, results from epidemiologic studies are mixed, and randomized trials have mainly been performed in depressed patients, yielding conflicting results...

..The consumption of dairy products may influence the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and total mortality, but conflicting findings have been reported...

..Recently, interest has grown in the role of dietary protein in human BP. We performed a systematic review of all published scientific literature on dietary protein, including protein from various sources, in relation to human BP...

..In conclusion, the present study does not support the hypothesis of a blood pressure lowering effect of the lactotripeptides Isoleucine-Proline-Proline and Valine-Proline-Proline...

..Little is known about the effect of different types of dairy food products on the development of hypertension...

..It has also been postulated that the C282Y mutation could alter aspects of iron metabolism. We examined the relationship between the C282Y mutation, iron status, and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) as a marker of atherosclerosis...

..To investigate the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation on quality of life (QOL)...

..To investigate the relation between total fish, type of fish (lean and fatty), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in a population-based cohort...

..In conclusion, in populations with a low fish consumption, EPA+DHA and fish may lower fatal CHD and MI risk in a dose-responsive manner. Low intakes of EPA+DHA or fish do not seem to protect against nonfatal MI...

..To compare the reliability of three rating scales for assessing depressive symptoms in a community-based, non-clinically depressed older population...

..The role of coffee in the cardiovascular system is not yet clear. We examined the relation of coffee intake with coronary calcification in a population-based cohort...

..Several observational studies suggest an inverse association of protein with blood pressure (BP). However, little is known about the role of dietary protein from specific sources in BP...

..We investigated whether plasma PAI-1 and 4G/5G genotype would predict the occurrence of cardiovascular events at old age...

..CONCLUSION: Increasing the intake of fiber in Western populations, where intake is far below recommended levels, may contribute to the prevention of hypertension...

..Findings were similar in men, although less pronounced than in women. Our data suggest that the role of CRP in the metabolic syndrome is modified by the amount of body fat...

..The objective of this study was to examine whether high intakes of fish and its very long-chain n-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are associated with risk of incident atrial fibrillation...

..CIMT was not significantly related to NTBI. Frequent blood donation, resulting in lowered body iron, might give some protection against accelerated atherosclerosis...

..0 nmol/L). We conclude that n-3 fatty acids supplementation did not affect serum total testosterone in men who had had a MI...

..In this population of elderly men, intake of neither fatty fish nor (n-3) PUFA was associated with cognitive performance...

..Based on this finding, further research needs to be done to examine the effects of the residual substances from different types of alcoholic beverages on HDLC...

..13 mm Hg (-0.25, 2.51) systolic and -0.44 mm Hg (-1.62, 0.73) diastolic compared with the oleic acid diet. Our study suggests that short-term high intakes of cis-9,trans-11 CLA do not affect BP in healthy volunteers...

..CONCLUSIONS : High intake of fish oil may lower BP, especially in older and hypertensive subjects. The antihypertensive effect of lower doses of fish oil (< 0.5 g/day) however, remains to be established...

..31 mm Hg [95% CI, -6.64 to -3.99] vs -2.91 mm Hg [95% CI, -3.66 to -2.16]). This meta-analysis clearly shows that weight loss is important for the prevention and treatment of hypertension...

..22 mmHg (0.52-1.92) and diastolic: 0.49 mmHg (-0.06-1.04)]. Effects on HR were negligible. CONCLUSIONS: Regular caffeine intake increases BP. When ingested through coffee, however, the blood pressure effect of caffeine is small...

..Our findings raise the hypothesis that 5G-homozygotic persons may be relatively protected from diurnal variation in the occurrence of coronary events...

..It can thus be hypothesized that the 4G-allele might exacerbate tissue injury during the acute phase after a myocardial infarction, and thereby negatively affect the prognosis...

..The effect of fish oil on heart rate (HR), a major risk factor for sudden death, is not well established. We calculated this effect in a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in humans...

..The long-term longitudinal evidence for a relation between coffee intake and hypertension is relatively scarce...

..71 (0.50, 1.00) and 0.48 (0.32, 0.71), respectively]. Phylloquinone intake was not related to any of the outcomes. These findings suggest that an adequate intake of menaquinone could be important for CHD prevention...

..Dietary factors were not associated with overanticoaguation. If risk factors can not be avoided, increased monitoring of INR values could prevent overanticoagulation and potential bleeding complications...

..Thus, oral and transdermal estrogens decrease plasma tHcy to a similar degree (by geometric mean -26%), which suggests that a hepatic mechanism is unlikely to play an important role in the decline of tHcy levels...

..65 (95% CI: 0.48, 0.87), 0.66 (95% CI: 0.42, 1.05), and 0.41 (95% CI: 0.21, 0.77), respectively. In conclusion, an inverse association between alcohol consumption and peripheral arterial disease was found in nonsmoking men and women...

..We therefore studied whether dispositional optimism was associated with healthy lifestyle and dietary habits...