M S Westerterp-Plantenga

..Investigation of the effect of a green tea-caffeine mixture on weight maintenance after body weight loss in moderately obese subjects in relation to habitual caffeine intake...

..Assessment of the effects of 2 weeks of daily administration of HCA on energy intake and satiety in overweight men and women...

..To highlight the underexposed but important role of protein in food intake and body weight regulation...

..An ethnic or genetic effect, and habitual caffeine or green tea catechin intake may act as confounders; this remains to be revealed...

..e., sustaining satiety and energy expenditure and sparing fat-free mass, resulting in energy inefficiency. However, the long-term relationship between net protein synthesis and sparing fat-free mass remains to be elucidated...

..Habitual meal frequency was a function of components of EE, namely resting EE and activity-induced EE, only in subjects with a medium to high FFM (men). FFM-related differences in these relationships suggest a role of physical activity...

..The question arises whether current weight loss programmes, largely developed and tested on women, are appropriate for men...

..A relatively high percentage of energy intake as protein has been shown to increase satiety and decrease energy efficiency during overfeeding...

..ED is not a universal concept that determines EI, yet rather a characteristic of the macronutrients: mainly fat and carbohydrate contributing to variation in EI...

..The presentations including live discussions are reflected in the following papers...

..At the same time, appetite was reduced and satiety and fullness were increased. In conclusion, we also determined bright sports with respect to fat intake...

..Therefore 'high protein negative energy balance diets' aim to keep the grams of proteins ingested at the same level as consumed at energy balance, despite lower energy intakes...

..Nevertheless, thermogenic ingredients may be considered as functional agents that could help in preventing a positive energy balance and obesity...

..Supported by these mechanisms a relatively larger weight loss and stronger body-weight maintenance thereafter have been observed...

..Assessment of the effect of a lowered ambient temperature, ie 16 degrees C (61 degrees F), compared to 22 degrees C (72 degrees F), on energy intake (EI), energy expenditure (EE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) in men...

..Because of possible compensatory post-prandial effects, it is suggested that assessment of meal size should be part of a 24 h appetite profile and food intake observation...

..We conclude that exposure to hypobaric hypoxia per se appears to be associated with a change in the attitude toward eating and with a decreased appetite and food intake...

..In general, prevention of a negative energy balance occurs by learning with respect to food intake. After return to normal, adjustment of energy intake to the original energy balance occurs with restoration of body weight...

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..Assessment of a possible relationship between habitual as well as manipulated meal frequency, blood glucose pattern, macronutrient- and energy intake (EI), and energy intake regulation in partially temporally isolated men...

..Epidemiologic studies have shown alcohol consumption to be inversely as well as positively related to body weight and body fat. Metabolic studies have shown an increase in energy intake as well as compensation after alcohol consumption...

..Thus, at 27 degrees C, compared to 22 degrees C, energy metabolism was reduced by reductions in DIT and in AEE, while RQ was increased. Reduction in EI was primarily related to body temperature changes and secondarily to changes in EE...

..To investigate whether addition of modified guar gum (GG) to a low-energy semisolid meal might be effective on appetite by modifying the response of blood glucose and other blood parameters...

..Initial improvements in several blood measures at day 32 were reversed by day 87, despite continued weight loss. Modest weight loss improved HDL cholesterol and blood pressure...

..To investigate the effect of addition of modified guar gum (GG) to a low-energy semisolid meal on appetite and body weight (BW) loss...

..In conclusion, all 3 diets resulted in a successful WM period, while a GMP diet does not improve body weight maintenance and related variables after weight loss compared with a SMP and SSMP diet...

..In conclusion, appetite suppression and fat oxidation were higher on a high-protein diet without than with carbohydrates exchanged for fat. Energy expenditure was not affected by the carbohydrate content of a high-protein diet...

..Genetic variation in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma2 (PPARgamma2), glucocorticoid receptor (GRL), and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) genes may play a role in the etiology of obesity...

..Intra-individual variance in the amount of slow wave sleep (SWS) or rapid eye movement (REM) sleep has been related to variance of metabolic and endocrine parameters, which are risk factors for the disturbance of energy balance (EB)...

..2 MJ/day)...

..4-0.5 kJ mg(-1) administered. Compared with placebo, daily fat-oxidation was only significantly increased after catechin-caffeine mixtures ingestion...

..Assessment of the effect of 2-week supplementation with (--)-hydroxycitrate (HCA) and HCA combined with medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) on satiety, fat oxidation, energy expenditure (EE) and body weight (BW) loss...

..Two weeks of supplementation with HCA and HCA combined with MCT did not result in increased satiety or decreased energy intake compared to placebo in subjects losing BW...

..The development of body weight is determined by different factors, namely genetic, behavioral, parental and physiological...

..To study the effects of 13 weeks conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation in overweight subjects on body-weight maintenance, parameters of appetite and energy intake (EI) at breakfast after weight loss...

..To obtain predictors of weight maintenance after a weight-loss intervention...

..Nevertheless, thermogenic ingredients may be considered as functional agents that could help in preventing a positive energy balance and obesity...

..Results on whether weight loss improves GLP-1 release are contradictory. The aim of this study was to further investigate the effect of weight loss on basal and postprandial GLP-1 release in overweight/obese subjects...

..Cephalic responses after the sham condition were of similar magnitude to the control and therefore just tasting food is not enough to influence appetite and energy intake...

..We conclude that oral ENT administration did not affect food intake, energy expenditure or body weight in subjects with a preference for a high-fat diet experiencing a negative energy and fat balance...

..Since grape-seed extract has been shown to stimulate lipolysis in vitro and reduce food intake in rats, we assessed the efficacy of grape-seed extract with respect to energy intake (EI) and satiety...

..Stress results in eating in the absence of hunger, possibly related to food reward perception...

..Furthermore, find predictors of WM that can be important in the context of obesity treatment...

..Underreporting of food intake is common in obese subjects...

..The Olibra emulsion did not affect subsequent energy intake in either group...

..Short sleep duration is associated with obesity during childhood and adulthood...

..To study the effects of 13 weeks conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation in overweight subjects after weight loss on weight regain, body composition, resting metabolic rate, substrate oxidation, and blood plasma parameters...

..To investigate the effect of 2 week use of oils high in linoleic (LA), gamma-linolenic (GLA) and oleic acid (OA) on energy intake (EI), macronutrient composition, parameters of appetite and taste perception...

..To investigate the effect of dietary restraint with or without exercise during weight maintenance after energy restriction...

..To find factors associated with successful weight maintenance (WM) in overweight and obese subjects after a very low-calorie diet (VLCD)...

..With SSS during MSF, satiety does not increase, nor does hunger decrease, yet DTE decreases. Thus MSF is sufficient for a sensory decrease in DTE despite of lack of satiety...

..Air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) may be a valid and practical technique to assess body composition in a clinical setting...

..01). Further research is needed to investigate if gelatin protein is able to improve metabolic abnormalities in hyposomatotropism in the long term or to investigate the relevance of protein as diagnostic tool in hyposomatotropism...

..We previously showed that oral ingestion of soy protein stimulates the GH release, it is not known however to which extent other proteins stimulate the GH secretion...

..The recently discovered human uncoupling protein 3 is a possible candidate for adaptive thermogenesis in humans. In the present study we examined the effect of mild cold exposure on the mRNA and protein expression of UCP3...

..To examine the effect of dietary restraint during and following pegylated recombinant leptin (PEG-OB protein) treatment in overweight men...

..We conclude that the short-term effect of ED on EI is modulated by the effect of water on ED, and compensated for by the effect of dietary restraint and adapted portion sizes...

..CONCLUSION: In the short term, both oral and gastrointestinal exposure to capsaicin increased satiety and reduced energy and fat intake; the stronger reduction with oral exposure suggests a sensory effect of capsaicin...

..07, P < 0.05). We conclude that acute psychological stress is associated with eating in the absence of hunger, especially in vulnerable individuals characterized by disinhibited eating behavior and sensitivity to chronic stress...

..Different outcomes of the effect of green tea on weight loss (WL) and weight maintenance (WM) have been reported in studies with subjects differing in ethnicity and habitual caffeine intake...

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..This may be partly explained by %BF, which is higher in women than in men since GLP-1 release appears to be related to %BF...

..There is no consensus about the effect of guar gum supplementation on gastrointestinal transit. It has been suggested that guar gum slows gastric emptying and intestinal transit, thus inducing an increased feeling of satiety...

..The present paper aimed to investigate associations between PROT intake as well as intake of the specific amino acids ARG and LYS, and subsequent 3-year-change in linear growth and body composition among 6-year-old children...

..The postprandial responses in (an)orexigenic hormones and feelings of hunger are characterized by large inter-individual differences. Food intake regulation was shown earlier to be partly under genetic control...

..To highlight the satiating background and effects of proteins and their implications for weight management...

..To investigate the relationship between leptin concentrations, gonadotropic hormone concentrations, and body composition during puberty in a Dutch children cohort...

..High-protein diets have been shown to increase energy expenditure (EE)...

..Addition of capsaicin to the diet has been shown to increase satiety and thermogenesis. The effects of capsaicin on ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), in relation to changes in hunger and satiety are unknown...

..The hedonic value was higher for the MIX lunch compared to the HCHO and HF lunch for PT as well as for PNT. In conclusion, PT ingest more of the HF foods than of the HCHO foods from a mixed lunch compared to PNT...

..05). These results indicate that capsaicin treatment caused sustained fat oxidation during weight maintenance compared with placebo. However, capsaicin treatment has no limiting effect on 3-month weight regain after modest weight loss...

..Subjects ate by weight of food and not by energy content. In conclusion, differences in food intake regulation were seen between LAT and LANT, in that the amount eaten by LAT was a function of Deltasatiety, but was not for LANT...

..Genetic variation in the perilipin (PLIN) gene may play a role in the etiology and treatment of obesity...

..The results suggest that a difference in appetite ratings between types of protein appears when certain amino acids are above and below particular threshold values...

..To relate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning and HPA feedback functioning to body fat distribution in normal weight to obese subjects...

..In addition, long-term use of casein may contribute to preservation of fat-free mass...

..e. high-protein vs. high-carbohydrate, does not influence the physiological and psychological response differentially. Men show a higher meal-induced salivary cortisol response compared with women...

..01). To conclude, visceral overweight subjects showed stress-induced food intake in the absence of hunger, resulting in an increased energy intake...

..Glucose, insulin, and ghrelin concentration curves were similar for both conditions. In conclusion, solid protein evokes a stronger suppression of hunger and desire to eat than liquefied protein...

..The objective of this study was to examine if increased protein intake vs. control influences body fat percentage during stable body weight...

..004). We conclude that cortisol concentrations decreased after protein or fat intake, which was not different from control; this decrease was prevented by carbohydrate intake...

..a nutritional identical, yet healthy perceived, slightly less "delicious," "neutral" food. A healthy perceived food may thus impose greater risk for control of energy intake in NR...

..00 1), but postabsorptive and postprandial transient declines were not. In overweight subjects, the usual association between transient declines and spontaneous meal initiation was completely absent in negative energy balance...

..In conclusion, the efficacy of αlac in reduction of body weight and fat mass (FM), and preservation of FFM does not differ from the efficacy of similar daily intakes of milk protein during 6 months of energy restriction...

..Acute psychological stress is associated with eating in the absence of hunger...

..An extension of this hypothesis is that exogenous leptin should affect energy regulation during severe energy restriction...

..These effects are probably attributable to differences in DG and TG metabolism, especially postprandial fat oxidation...

..The alpha-lac-enriched yoghurt drink suppressed hunger and the desire to eat more than the whey-enriched yoghurt drink...

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..Green tea (epigallocatechin gallate + caffeine) and protein each were shown to improve body weight maintenance after weight loss...

..An increase in the protein content of a diet results in an increase in satiety and energy expenditure. It is not clear to what extent a specific type of protein has such effects...

..We conclude that cephalic and perhaps vagal stimulation by different fats increased the concentrations of the metabolites and stimulated satiety, with linoleic oil showing the strongest response...

..5 %. This improved WM implied several factors, i.e. improved body composition, fat distribution, substrate oxidation and satiety...

..It is hypothesized that low dietary fat oxidation makes subjects prone to weight gain...

..25 % IMP-5. From this study population we conclude that the taste threshold of MSG in combination with IMP-5 does appear to predict one's 'liking' of as well as 'preference' for high-protein foods...

..It is unclear whether energy-containing drinks, especially those sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), promote positive energy balance and thereby play a role in the development of obesity...

..Furthermore, the sympathetic nervous system is involved in the regulation of lipolysis, and the sympathetic innervation of white adipose tissue may play an important role in the regulation of total body fat in general...

..However, the effects of dietary protein on GH secretion are less well described...

..The PEG-leptin injections did not have an effect on the changes in insulin, glucose and adiponectin, but had an effect on the changes in ghrelin concentrations...