J Dik F Habbema

..This study assessed the prevalence of placental malaria at delivery in women during 1st or 2nd pregnancy, who did not receive intermittent preventive treatment for malaria (IPTp) in a malaria-endemic area with high bed net coverage...

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..The use of the terms infertility, subfertility and fecundity is not necessary, and it is recommended to avoid them...

..We will assess to what extent in vitro fertilization (IVF) is effective in increasing the number of births overall and whether earlier application of IVF will increase this number...

..The use of the terms 'infertility', 'subfertility', and 'fecundity' is not necessary, and it is recommended to avoid them...

..We aimed to devise a patient-tailored, cost-effective treatment algorithm involving the above-mentioned treatment modalities, based on individual patient characteristics...

..We used microsimulation to calculate the long-term outcome of any given patient after aortic valve replacement with the Carpentier-Edwards pericardial valve...

..We examined whether colorectal cancer screening would become cost saving with the widespread use of the newer, more expensive chemotherapies...

..If mass treatment with these combination therapies achieves high coverage, they can have a large impact on lymphatic filariasis transmission...

..To assess how the impact of sexually transmitted disease (STD) treatment on HIV incidence varies between stages of the HIV epidemic...

..There is increasing discussion whether colorectal cancer (CRC) screening guidelines should be individualized by sex and race...

..Obesity is increasing rapidly among women all over the world. Obesity is a known risk factor for subfertility due to anovulation, but it is unknown whether obesity also affects spontaneous pregnancy chances in subfertile, ovulatory women...

..A major reduction in sample size can be obtained with covariate adjustment in TBI trials. Covariate adjustment for strong predictors should be incorporated in the analysis of future TBI trials...

..Which of these options is most clinically effective and cost-effective has yet to be established...

..These women can be identified by older age, longer duration of infertility and higher insulin:glucose ratio...

..There was a relatively high prevalence of postpartum symptoms of PTSD among women after preeclampsia. The prevalence was highest among younger women who experienced more adverse pregnancy outcomes...

..An urgent demand for implementation of PrEP is expected at the moment efficacy has been demonstrated in clinical trials. We explored the long-term impact of PrEP on HIV transmission in different HIV epidemics...

..The satisfactory discrimination indicates that logistic regression models, developed on large samples, can be used for classifying TBI patients according to prognostic risk...

..Therefore, we advocate including HPV testing before referring to colposcopy. Among the 3 HPV strategies, analysis of additional aspects favors implementation of immediate HPV testing...

..Gynaecologists overestimate the importance of FSH concentration, but underestimate that of a previous pregnancy, as compared with their importance reported in prediction models and guidelines...

..The authors investigated optimal screening strategies for individuals with various degrees of family history of CRC based on a cost-effectiveness analysis...

..The authors studied the shape and strength of the relationship between age and outcome, that is, the 6-month mortality rate and unfavorable outcome based on the Glasgow Outcome Scale...

..The high discriminative ability indicates the potential of this model for classifying patients according to prognostic risk...

..The high incidence of both outcomes in patients primarily referred support direct admission of more and particularly older patients with severe or moderate brain trauma to level I trauma centers...

..We aimed to identify the most cost-effective FIT cutoff level for referral to colonoscopy based on data from these trials and allowing for differences in screening ages...

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..Both the Carpentier-Edwards pericardial and supraannular valve types perform satisfactorily, especially in elderly patients, and show no appreciable difference in long-term outcomes when implanted in the aortic position...

..We empirically compared the feasibility, respondents' trading behavior, and convergent validity between a labeled and an unlabeled DCE for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs in The Netherlands...

..To investigate the impact of the current strategy for the elimination of leprosy on its incidence and to assess the consequences of failure to sustain this strategy...

..The strong reduction in overall Mf production is good news for control of lymphatic filariasis, but the prospects of elimination will be diminished if part of the population systematically responds poorly to treatment...

..We previously proposed the use of a prediction rule for CT infection for selective screening of high-risk individuals in a population. To support such an application, the prediction rule needs to be validated in other populations...

..A reliable prediction of outcome on admission is of great clinical relevance. We aimed to develop prognostic models with readily available traditional and novel predictors...

..Studies have suggested that probiotics could potentially complement micronutrients in preserving the immune-function of HIV patients...

..We critically reviewed the use of two types of secondary analyses, covariate adjustment and subgroup analysis, which are common in TBI trials...

..It can be a valuable tool for decision making in the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis...

..In addition to 2 usual hypotheses on the sensitivity of FOBT, we tested a novel hypothesis where sensitivity is linked to the stage of clinical diagnosis in the situation without screening...

..HIV/sexually transmitted disease interventions in sub-Saharan Africa have largely been focused on urban areas, where sexual behavior is supposed to be more risky than in rural areas...

..Treatment decisions in clinical cardiology are directed by results from randomized clinical trials (RCTs). We studied the appropriateness of the use and interpretation of subgroup analysis in current therapeutic cardiovascular RCTs...

..mansoni) at 150000 and 130000 per year. Given the overall high number of cases with schistosomiasis-related disease and associated death, we conclude that schistosomiasis remains an important public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa...

..This study assessed the potential reduction in CRC mortality that may be achieved through further dissemination of current interventions for risk-factor modification, screening, and treatment...

..The present study used an updated model with new patient data and studied the validity of the updated model across various settings...

..We aimed to determine at which effective sample sizes (i.e., number of events) relevant differences in model performance can be detected with adequate power...

..To evaluate the application in a different fertility clinic of a prediction model for selecting IVF patients for elective single embryo transfer...

..Morbidity control through integration within existing health care delivery systems is considered a potentially sustainable and cost-effective approach, but there is paucity of information about health-seeking behaviour...

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..Additionally, the influence of general and psychological variables on IVF-related absence from work was analyzed...

..Our aim is to estimate the relative difference in adenoma prevalence and its age-pattern in individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer compared to those without...

..This study aimed to validate two models for the prediction of the chance of treatment-independent pregnancy leading to live birth among subfertile couples...

..The authors demonstrate this problem and explore a solution for natural history using 3 independently developed colorectal cancer screening models...

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..Future options may include chemoprophylaxis and early diagnosis of subclinical infections. This study compared the predicted trends in leprosy case detection of future intervention strategies...

..Alternative first line of treatment options could be considered for some women who have limited chances for success...

..Meta-analysis and microsimulation were used to calculate age-specific long-term prognosis after allograft aortic root replacement based on current evidence...

..Screening for cervical cancer may have favourable or unfavourable effects at the individual level. This study assesses whether invitees in The Netherlands made an informed choice about screen uptake...

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..Updating to local circumstances may be required to make such models better applicable. We aimed to compare traditional and empirical Bayes (EB) methods to perform such updating...

..leprae and practical diagnostic tools to detect levels of infection that can lead to transmission. This requires extensive research in the areas of epidemiology and microbiology...

..This increase is most likely due to both more effective treatment strategies and more experience in treating NSGCT patients...

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..To investigate the influence of individual patient risk profiles on the value of the HLA-DRB1 shared epitope (SE) as a predictor of severe erosive damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)...

..The target to eliminate leprosy as a public health problem, defined as a prevalence of less than 1 per 10,000, is therefore also an inadequate yardstick for decision making on leprosy control...

..Our estimate of 43% is considerably lower than previous estimates in literature, because previous studies only compared CTC screening to 10-yearly colonoscopy, where we compared to different intervals of colonoscopy screening...

..Parsimonious updating methods were found preferable to more extensive model revisions, which should only be attempted with relatively large validation samples in combination with shrinkage...

..We conclude that limb hygiene instruction for home care should be more strongly emphasised to optimize management of lymphoedema patients in Pondicherry...

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..Information, education, and communication (IEC) campaigns aimed at risk reduction in commercial sex should promote condom use in steady FSW-client relationships...

..Health care-seeking behavior for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is important in STD/HIV control...

..e., Pap smears). We compared the efficiency of cervical cancer-screening programs by performing a cost-effectiveness analysis of cervical cancer-screening policies from high-income countries...

..For women with severe dyskaryosis, direct treatment should be seriously considered...

..To provide detailed information about costs of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment stages and to estimate the cost per IVF and ICSI treatment cycle and ongoing pregnancy...

..Lack of knowledge may lead to inappropriate secondary prevention behavior. We investigated the knowledge of patients with a TIA or minor stroke about specific aspects of their disease 3 months after the event...

..TARGET AUDIENCE: Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians...

..When pooling with Danish trial data (n = +/-4,000) NELSON is the only trial without screening in controls that is expected to have 80% power to show a lung cancer mortality reduction of at least 25% 10 years after randomisation...

..We examined the effect on cervical cancer incidence and mortality of adding HPV vaccination to the current Dutch cervical cancer screening situation and calculated the cost-effectiveness...

..In the database used to develop the IGCC classification (n = 5,202), >40% of patients were excluded because of missing values (n = 2,154). We looked for effects of this exclusion on survival estimates in the three IGCC prognosis groups...

..Scores of both patient groups remained above those of norm populations. Innovative graphs describing disease-specific and generic functions after treatment can help patients and physicians in their treatment choices...

..Possible explanations are reactivation of old infections and infection transmitted after immigration. Control policies should be determined on the basis of the as-yet unknown main causes of the persistent high incidence...

..In conclusion, the prospects for elimination of bancroftian filariasis by mass treatment in Pondicherry seem good, provided that the level of population coverage is sufficiently high...

..We aimed to quantify the importance of predictors for occult metastasis by performing a systematic review of the relevant literature. In addition, we reviewed published multivariable models and risk-adapted treatment policies...

..We therefore conclude that additional control activities, especially for high-risk groups, will remain necessary...

..The goal of this study was to examine what regional differences in patient characteristics, case management, and outcomes exist between continents and among countries within a patient population included in a randomized clinical trial...

..g., family visits or funerals) or to living apart (e.g., work-related or in polygamous marriages). We investigated to what extent partner absence leads to more risky sexual behavior in Tanzanian couples...

..To provide external validation of the Eimers model, which predicts spontaneous pregnancy among subfertile couples within the first year after the definitive establishment of the diagnostic category...

..This lowers the expectations for the effects of colorectal cancer screening strategies that focus on adenoma detection...

..We studied type I error, power, and potential reduction in sample size with several covariate adjustment strategies...

..The aim of this study was to broaden the empirical basis for these predictions by making a synthesis of three previously published models...

..In conclusion, HPV vaccination does not seem to be urgent in the Netherlands. Therefore we advise studying the safety in 12-year-old girls first while at the same time waiting for the longer follow-up results of ongoing trials...

..We conducted a randomised trial comparing participation and detection rates (DR) per screenee of guaiac-based faecal occult blood test (gFOBT), immunochemical FOBT (FIT), and flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS) for CRC screening...

..The largest reductions are obtained for rare infections with complex demographic histories...

..The high cancer incidence in Years 1-5 after polypectomy can be explained by a colonoscopic sensitivity for cancer of approximately 90%...

..From our experience, a cut-off value of 75 ng ml(-1) provided an adequate positivity rate and an acceptable trade-off between detection rate and NNscope...

..The CERs of cancer screening programmes will clearly increase, with approximately 4000 euro. However, because of the favourable CER's, including unrelated healthcare costs will in general have limited policy implications...

..Likely declines in bacterial causes of genital ulcers should be considered in defining policies on syndromic STD management in severe HIV epidemics...

..On the other hand, the rule might support selection of patients for RPLND, who currently are under surveillance...

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..We conducted a study to determine the preferences of individuals and to predict uptake for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes using various screening tests...

..Other hypertensive patients with atherosclerotic renal artery disease could initially well be treated by aggressive multidrug therapy alone unless hypertension persists or renal function deteriorates...

..In many countries uptake of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening remains low...

..This maximum was estimated at 23 and 4 for Ae. polynesiensis and Cx. quinquefasciatus, respectively...

..Cox regression was the most promising tool to define a more refined classification. British Journal of Cancer (2004) 90, 1176-1183. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6601665 www.bjcancer.com Published online 24 February 2004..