W A van Gool

..However, the age-dependent relationship between inflammation and clinical phenotype of AD has never been investigated...

..The aim of this study was to investigate whether activation of microglia can be detected in patients who died of sepsis...

..We conclude that studies on primary prevention of AD are the logical next step in testing the inflammatory hypothesis of AD...

..We aimed to establish the effect of the anti-inflammatory drug hydroxychloroquine on the progression of dementia...

..It may provide a more realistic perspective, and it holds promise for new opportunities for prevention and treatment...

..The fact that the cognitive examination is treated as part of the history taking will, most probably, negatively affect the quality of the diagnostic evaluation...

..Agents that either restore cholinergic control of microglia or directly inhibit neuroinflammation warrant testing in clinical trials...

..This should be avoided. Patients can expect to gain more benefit from ongoing, thorough and independent investigations than from hastily established emergency funds to finance the use of a drug with a limited and poorly defined efficacy...

..Apathy may be associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline. The objective of this study was to investigate if apathy predicts the progression from MCI to Alzheimer's disease (AD)...

..To study the sensitivity and specificity of 14-3-3 testing in a prospective series of patients suspected of having Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)...

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..The results suggest that slowing on qEEG is a marker for subsequent rate of cognitive and functional decline in mildly demented AD patients, independent of demographic or disease characteristics...

..To determine whether measures of quantitative spectral electroencephalography (EEG) can predict survival in patients with early Alzheimer disease...

..Major challenges for future studies are to select the optimal population, set the optimal treatment targets and select clinically relevant outcome parameters...

..We also discuss the possibilities of inflammation-based therapeutic strategies in AD...

..We evaluated the claim that these biomarkers can detect preclinical AD before behavioural (i.e. memory) symptoms arise...

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..Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a common finding in Alzheimer's disease, and in rare cases this is particularly capillary CAA with dyshoric changes...

..The question of heterogeneity may be solved when different therapeutic strategies are found for different subtypes. The focus of future plans should be on preventive strategies combined with an early diagnosis...

..Symptoms resulting from cholinergic deficiency might be a much better target for treatment than cognitive deficits...

..Treatment aimed at vascular risk factors in patients with early Alzheimer disease may be beneficial, possibly in an even earlier stage of the disease...

..This assumes items to have (1) equal measurement precision and (2) hierarchically ordered categories...

..91) as the original CAMCOG. These results were replicated in an independent sample (n = 170). We conclude that tailored testing with CAT enables much more efficient screening for dementia than testing with an extensive instrument...

..This hampers comparisons when either of these instruments is used. The extent to which these instruments share a common dimension of global cognitive impairment and how their scores relate was examined...

..These results suggest that capCAA is pathologically and possibly pathogenetically distinct from larger vessel CAA, and that it is associated with a high APOE-ε4 allele frequency...

..Here, we report the outline of a pragmatic study that will attempt to answer this question and we describe the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the target population...

..Longer tests (e.g. the CAMCOG) are precise but inefficient, whereas brief tests (e.g. the MMSE) are efficient but imprecise...

..The cerebral beta-amyloid (Abeta) disorders show a great variability in the distribution of parenchymal and vascular amyloid deposits...

..CDS is suggested to occur in various neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body dementia and Parkinson's disease and to respond well to cholinesterase inhibitor therapy...

..The implications of the reviewed studies for an inflammation-based therapeutical approach in AD will be discussed...

..So far, few randomized controlled trials have focused on lowering the vascular risk profile to prevent or postpone cognitive decline or dementia...

..We investigated the diagnostic value of the visually assessed electroencephalogram (EEG) in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD), using the grand total of EEG (GTE) score...

..To study whether an algorithm that includes additional diagnostic information could increase the specificity of the 14-3-3 protein testing in patients suspected to suffer from Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)...

..Here we review the evidence that inflammation related events could be a critical etiological factor in certain forms of the sporadic AD...

..This study aimed to describe a clinical profile based on a combination of specific neuropsychological test scores and clinical symptoms associated with a favourable response to rivastigmine...

..In light of the ageing/inflammation theory, we investigated the association of these markers with delirium in not acutely ill, elderly patients...

..To investigate whether vascular care slows dementia progression in patients with Alzheimer's disease with cerebrovascular lesions on neuroimaging...

..Description of methodological issues in a trial designed to evaluate if a multi-component intervention aimed at vascular risk factors can prevent dementia...

..Research on dementia has a lot to gain from the study of patients that more appropriately reflect the population at risk...

..During a 4-year follow-up, both the clinical features of Parkinsonism and the changes on magnetic resonance imaging resolved. Parkinsonism due to EPM should be recognized as it has a good prognosis...

..Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) share clinical features like cognitive decline, motor disturbances en psychiatric symptoms. Overlapping symptoms may cause physicians to mistake DLB for CJD...

..This offers opportunities for treating amyloidosis and possibly other protein folding diseases. Understanding the mechanism of this unique disease process and the different elements involved is necessary for future drug development...

..Objectives: To show that the interest in inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not only an early event in the history of AD but that inflammation is also an early event in the pathogenesis of AD...

..Prospective studies on the relation between folate, vitamins B(6) and B(12) levels and the risk of developing AD are warranted, preferably in the form of RCTs...

..Here, we evaluate the literature on the risk of ICH as a complication in patients with AD treated with aspirin...

..All subjects were heterozygous for the deletion and related to a common ancestor within eight generations. Our results suggest it is unlikely that haploinsufficiency in the DJ-1 gene imparts an increased risk for dementia...

..The authors investigated prodromal delirium symptoms in elderly patients undergoing hip surgery...

..To study the effectiveness of haloperidol prophylaxis on incidence, severity, and duration of postoperative delirium in elderly hip-surgery patients at risk for delirium...

..To evaluate risk factors for postoperative delirium in a cohort of elderly hip-surgery patients and to validate a medical risk stratification model...

..To study the outcome of delirium in elderly hip surgery patients...