Yong Poovorawan

..The 21 and 65 kDa bands were found only in the distal lateral region of the mosquito salivary gland and were depleted after the female mosquito took a blood meal...

..This report focuses on a family with attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis (AFAP) with exon 4 mutation, c.481C>T p.Q161X of the APC gene...

..The challenge dose at year 20 was well tolerated and a robust response was demonstrated. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00240526, NCT00774995...

..Additional studies on functional protein expression at different organ sites will also contribute to our knowledge of HPV infection in various organs...

..It is concluded that for clinical and epidemiological studies, all genotyping methods are perfectly suitable and provide comparable results...

..HPV16 non-European variants prone to multiple infections may require many polymorphisms to enhance the risk of cervical cancer development...

..Although recent studies have phylogenetically identified the new HRV species (HRV-C), data on molecular epidemiology, genetic diversity, and clinical manifestation have been limited...

..This study was conducted to identify functional elements and new siRNA target sites within the highly conserved regions of the 533 base post-transcriptional regulatory element (PRE) of HBV RNAs...

..This study shows that avian influenza virus H5N1 recombinant proteins produced in mammalian cell system were able to induce neutralizing antibody response...

..Seventy-eight gibbons were subjected to serological tests by ELISA for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV)...

..The purpose of this study has been to explore the accuracy of TE and clinical parameters in predicting the presence of esophageal/gastric varices in children with biliary atresia (BA) following portoenterostomy...

..Viral hepatitis with various forms of acute and chronic liver disease as potential and ultimately fatal sequelae presents a public health problem worldwide...

..Higher persisting seroprotection rates in subjects boosted at Year 5 did not translate into apparent differences in immune memory in a high endemic country...

..As a result of declining hepatitis A endemicity in Thailand, an increasing number of children and adolescents have become susceptible to hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection...

..Although TTV DNA was not detectable in either sample it might be speculated that, like hepatitis viruses A to G, TTV could be found associated with this condition whereas it certainly does not constitute its sole etiologic agent...

..Transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) from carrier mothers to their babies appears to be one of the most important factors influencing the prevalence of chronic HBV infection in areas of high hepatitis B endemicity...

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..Acute hepatic failure (AHF) can be caused by a variety of viruses, drugs, toxins and metabolic disorders...

..2-94.3%. The number of individuals undergoing the complete course of vaccinations had increased four-fold. Consequently, only 0.7% of the children born after the implementation of this the novel EPI strategy were HBV carriers...

..Further studies need to be undertaken in order to elucidate its prevalence among members of high-risk groups...

..2 and 100% subjects were seroprotected against diphtheria and tetanus, respectively; > or =78.3% subjects were seropositive for pertussis. The results demonstrate long-term antibody persistence induced by combined DTPw-HBV vaccine...

..Further investigation will be required in order to clarify the mechanism of viral infection...

..In conclusion, being widely distributed and apparently nonpathogenic, TTV might represent an opportunistic but innocent virus reminiscent of hepatitis G virus, with a negligible role in the etiology of chronic liver disease...

..Primary infant vaccination with a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine confers long-term protection against clinical disease and new chronic hepatitis B infection despite confirmed hepatitis B exposure...

..In this study, the genetic variations of the nucleoprotein (NP) gene of influenza viruses recovered from swine in Thailand were determined...

..The data also demonstrated that HBV sub-genotype C1 was the predominant strain and various mutations of HBV occurring naturally were not uncommon among these populations...

..Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a public health problem worldwide and apart from infecting humans, HBV has been found in non-human primates...

..Furthermore, amino acid substitutions were detected either at the receptor binding site or the antigenic sites of the hemagglutinin gene...

..Interestingly, all the 6 tiger H5N1 isolates contained a lysine substitution at position 627 of the PB2 protein similar to the human, but distinct from the original avian isolates...

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..In addition, the genetic changes of the AI isolates at the HA cleavage site have been observed...

..Based on the results obtained, swine are suspected to be a source of HEV transmission to humans in Thailand...

..Thus, careful monitoring during treatment and knowledge of cross-resistance to antiviral salvage therapy are crucial for the management of patients with chronic hepatitis B...

..However, the role of viral mutations as a predictor of response to pegylated-interferon (PEG-IFN) therapy has so far remained unclear...

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..To determine prevalence, clinical features and perform phylogenetic analysis in HBoV infected Thai pediatric patients...

..This finding contributes to understanding the evolution of influenza A viruses in humans and is useful for surveillance and vaccine strain selection...

..7%), 1b (26.7%), 2a (2.2%), 2c (2.2%), 3a (51.1%), 3b (2.2%) and 6 (8.9%). This information might be crucial for public health surveillance and prevention of HCV infection...

..As a herpesvirus naturally infecting gibbons it is closely related to human Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with which it shares considerable genetic, biological and epidemiologic features...

..The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum HA levels and to determine their importance in dengue fever (DF)/dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)/dengue shock syndrome (DSS) patients...

..As expected, HPV DNA can be found in normal cytology specimens. These results which elucidate HPV distribution in Thailand could be useful for vaccine development and the national cervical cancer prevention program...

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..CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that, unlike chronic HBV or HCV infection, SENV infection is not a risk factor for developing HCC in Thai populations...

..This precaution would help control global epidemics of this virus...

..Twelve subtype H5N1 viruses were isolated. The subtype H5N1 viruses circulating in the markets were genetically related to those that circulated in Thailand during 2004-2005...

..To determine the prevalence of human rhinoviruses (HRV) infections in children with lower respiratory disease in Thailand and monitor the association between species of HRV and clinical presentation in hospitalized paediatric patients...

..The aim of this study was to attain molecular knowledge of human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV18) by sequencing the whole genome of HPV18 isolated from Thai women at various clinical stages of disease progression...

..The vaccine strain's L1 polypeptides showed close relationship to our samples. The results provide basic data for future research on cervical cancer pathogenesis and representative data of HPV16 genome in Southeast Asia...

..The purpose of this study was to determine serum adiponectin in BA patients and to investigate the relationship of adiponectin with clinical parameters and liver stiffness scores...

..Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of those viruses showed no differences from the first isolate obtained in January 2004. This finding has implications for influenza virus epidemiology and pathogenicity in mammals...

..Moreover, laboratory diagnostic techniques, vaccination strategies and antiviral therapies aimed at outbreak control and management are also discussed...

..These unusual serological profiles may be due to the altered immune response of the host or to HBV variants...

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..None of them could be amplified, thus excluding cross reactivity. In conclusion, the multiplex PCR assays developed are advantageous as to rapidity, specificity, and cost effectiveness...

..Thus, continuous molecular monitoring of human rotavirus epidemiology is essential for adjusting vaccine development...

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..CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated the prevalence, molecular characterization and clinical spectrum of hMPV infection in infants and young children presented with lower respiratory tract infections in Thailand...

..To determine whether serum interleukin-18 (IL-18) levels correlated with clinicopathologic features and prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)...

..9%), not in the healthy control samples. Moreover, the complete coding sequences of these HBoV also showed very conserved sequences...

..Yet, considering the lowest GMT and the highest incidence of tetanus cases found in subjects aged above 60 years, re-immunization should be targeted at this age group especially if they had sustained any tetanus-prone injury...

..CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that patients with HBV genotype C had a significantly higher rate of HBeAg, experienced delayed HBeAg seroconversion and exhibited more severe liver disease compared to those with genotype B...

..The virus being limited to the same area might explain the lower nucleotide substitution rate. This study has demonstrated that nationwide attempts to monitor the virus may help curb access and propagation of new HPAI viral genes...

..Further experiments will provide additional information whether there is a correlation between the expression of these cytokines and pathologies found in an affected organ...

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..HCV-6, which is endemic in south China and south-east Asia, displays profound genetic diversity and may have evolved over a considerable period of time...

..Thus, the rapid assay should not be used as a screening tool during the first week of CHIK due to its low sensitivity...

..Therefore, judging the association of WU/KI polyomavirus infections with a particular disease will be challenging and require more comprehensive case control investigations...

..We hoped that these data of HPV genotypes can be used as preliminary data of HPV in Thailand and can serve as basic data for future research into the HPV genotype in south-east Asia...

..In conclusion, this novel single-step multiplex RT-PCR is a simple assay with high potential for rapid, specific and cost effective laboratory diagnosis of H5 and H7 AI A virus isolates from clinical specimens of poultry...

..63, 95% CI, 14.65-124) and swH1N2 (OR 58, 95% CI, 13.12-256.3) viruses. No evidence of human-to-pig influenza virus transmission was detected in this study...

..However, there were no differences in the risk of developing HCC and its prognosis between patients with these genotypes...

..The real-time PCR with LNA-mediated TaqMan probes is a sensitive, specific and rapid detection method for mutations at the YMDD motif, which will be essential for monitoring patients undergoing lamivudine antiviral therapy...

..We conclude that serum HA concentrations reflect the extent of liver fibrosis and severity of cirrhosis. Thus, serum HA can be a diagnostic marker of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic liver disease...

..The purpose of the study was to investigate serum matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) in postoperative BA patients and the association of MMP-3 with clinical outcome and liver stiffness score...

..Such studies can address potential differences in the diagnostic outcomes between patients who develop detectable Oseltamivir resistance and those who retain only the wild type strain of H5N1...

..We aligned this sequence with other sequences in GenBank and performed phylogenetic analysis, showing that it probably belongs to the gammaherpesvirus group...

..malayi in this region. We could develop the PCR-RFLP assay test for differentiating filarial nematodes which can be applied to survey human, animal reservoir hosts and mosquito vectors in endemic areas...

..Both genotyping methods have advantages and disadvantages. Consequently, the method most suitable for the study objective, budget and predominance of HPV genotype in any given area should be selected...

..Although some of the animal caretakers at the Krabok Koo Wildlife Breeding Centre were found to be chronic HBV carriers, genotype and sequence analysis did not reveal any evidence for zoonotic disease transmission...

..The aims of the present study were to investigate circulating levels of osteopontin in BA children compared with healthy controls and to evaluate the relationship between circulating osteopontin and therapeutic outcome of BA patients...

..Even using the highly sensitive semi-nested PCR assay, HBV cccDNA was not detectable in any anti-HBc positive patients either with or without anti-HBs...

..To analyze plasma osteopontin levels and liver stiffness using transient elastography in postoperative biliary atresia (BA) children compared with healthy controls...

..It is concluded that this method has the advantages of rapidity, reproducibility and accuracy, which would be feasible and attractive for large-scale analysis, particularly in regions where HBV genotypes B and C are prevalent...

..To examine the effect of interleukin-1-beta (IL-1beta) promoter region C-511T and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) polymorphism among the patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (HCC and non-HCC)...

..malayi, B. pahangi, Dirofilaria immitis, and D. repens. The PCR-RFLP of ITS1 rDNA will be useful in diagnosing and differentiating filarial parasites in human, animal reservoir hosts, and mosquito vectors in disease-endemic areas...

..This study implies that the induction of IL-10 production may be one of the strategies used by PRRSV to modulate host immune responses...

..CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that SENV infection is frequent among patients with chronic liver disease and HCC. However, pathogenic effects associated with SENV infection in chronic liver disease and HCC need further investigation...

..Compared to HBoV1 and HBoV3, HBoV2 shows substantially greater intra-species diversity, consistent with a longer period of human circulation...

..These data should encourage further investigations on the epidemiological and virological characteristics of HBV genotype G involved in recombination with other genotypes...

..Finally, our results demonstrated that the Thai AI emerged as a member of 2000's AI lineage with most of the genetic sequences closely related to the Influenza A/Duck/China/E319.2/03 (H5N1)...

..Sugar fermentation using API 20C aux performed on the three 200-bp PCR products yielded Candida species. M. furfur was the only Malassezia recovered from skin scrapings of children with ISD...

..6 years. HHV6 and HHV7 were commonly found as causes of fever and maculopapular rash without respiratory symptoms. Co-infection with different herpesviruses can be found in the same patient...

..Blood transfusion had no significant influence to increase the prevalence of parvovirus B19 infection in thalassemic patients...

..36% among participants without vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: This finding supports the efficacy of universal HB immunization in reducing the prevalence of HB infection in Thailand which is a highly endemic country...

..Thus, 18-20 y after immunization, it appears that a second booster dose should be considered, especially in high-risk groups...

..Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the Lip32 dipstick assay, when compared to those of MAT, were 100% and 98.33%, respectively...

..To ensure a true negative result, PCR detection of hepatitis B virus genome was used as internal control. Our presented results, the designed degenerate primers could be used to detect various types of HHV by multiplex nested-PCR...

..The effectiveness of HAV immunization in this particular group of children merits further study...

..The new dTpa vaccine could improve coverage for routine booster vaccination in children and provide a good replacement for DTP vaccines at 4-6 years of age...

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..Further studies on the cost benefit of rotavirus vaccine in Thailand ought to be performed before implementing a universal vaccination program...