Robert V Gibbons

..The existence of multiple serotypes can result in more severe disease upon a second infection and complicates vaccine development. Nevertheless, a safe and effective vaccine is the greatest prospect for stemming the tide of dengue...

..The increase in dengue throughout the world suggests that it will remain a problem for military personnel until an effective vaccine is licensed...

..We document new dengue serotype infection sequences leading to DHF of 1-4, 2-3, 3-1, and 3-4...

..To define the dimensions of local transmission and quantify the factors that support it, we examined relationships between infected humans and Aedes aegypti in Thai villages...

..Geographic cluster studies can elucidate these features in greater detail than cohort studies alone...

..Leptospirosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of febrile illnesses and icteric syndromes in Nepal. Additional studies are needed to establish the broader distribution and the spectrum of disease in Nepal...

..It is unclear whether dengue serotypes differ in their propensity to cause severe disease. We analyzed differences in serotype-specific disease severity in children presenting for medical attention in Bangkok, Thailand...

..Dengue serotypes also played a role in the success of viral isolation...

..Investigators varied cell type, control virus passage, and the use of complement across multiple assay runs of the same sample panel. Our findings indicate wide variation in PRNT titer results in response to varied testing conditions...

..The Abbott immunoglobulin G (IgG), Genelabs IgG, and Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) IgM assays were about 90% sensitive; the Abbott IgG and WRAIR total Ig and IgM assays were more than 90% specific...

..2% (95% CI: 98-100). In the 0 to 2 years age group, sensitivity was 76.7% (95% CI: 61.5-91.8). Throat and nasal swabs are equally useful diagnostic specimens for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction diagnosis...

..6% developed tetravalent neutralizing antibodies ≥ 1:10 to DENV (control group = 0%). This vaccine candidate, therefore, warrants continued development in this age group (NCT00322049; clinicaltrials.gov)...

..This study provides strong evidence of the value of combining dengue virus antigen- and antibody-based test results in the ELISA format for the diagnosis of acute dengue infection...

..Although cause and effect cannot be definitely attributed, the case fatality rate decreased to 3.6% after the intervention with education about dengue management strategies...

..N. multinational forces. With an average deployment of 6.4 months, the annualized seroconversion rates after deployments to East Timor, Afghanistan, Burundi, and Iraq were 1.9%, 4.6%, 4.6%, and 3.9%, respectively...

..8%, 0.5% and 11.5%, respectively. The highest seroprevalence to hepatitis A was observed in cadets from the southern region of Thailand. Seroprevalence rates to hepatitis A and B were less than in other reported studies in Thailand...

..0001; odds ratio, 0.119 [95% confidence interval, 0.04-0.37]). To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating an association between ABO blood group and the severity of dengue disease...

..Using a selection of these samples, we also found that our ability to detect virus by direct C6/36 cell culture and mosquito inoculation was enhanced by using whole blood but not to the same extent as that seen by the use of RT-PCR...

..The results from the WHO swH1 primer and probe set exhibited diverse sensitivities for the 2009 influenza A/H1N1 strains in Southeast Asia (SEA)...

..Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a newly discovered paramyxovirus that causes acute respiratory illness. Despite apparent near-universal exposure during early childhood, immunity is transient...

..These results suggest that frequent viral migration into Kamphaeng Phet, coupled with population (school) subdivision, shapes the genetic diversity of DENV on a local scale, more so than in situ evolution within school catchment areas...

..Our preliminary study, a retrospective serological survey of archived specimens, suggests that Bartonella antibodies are prevalent among febrile patients in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal...

..gov NCT00384670)...

..In this review, the progress made in hepatitis E research and the recently concluded vaccine trial of the recombinant protein vaccine are briefly discussed...

..2% (95% CI = 87-100) with Panbio Ravi criteria. Specificities were 89-100%. For admission sera from AES patients, sensitivities and specificities of the Panbio ELISA were 85.7% (95% CI = 42-100%) and 92.9% (95% CI = 83-98%), respectively...

..In the Philippines, pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009 was first detected in May 2009 and by July 2009, 3207 cases and 6 deaths were reported...

..Leptospirosis was found to be a frequently confirmed cause of morbidity in Kamphaeng Phet Province in those suspected of having the illness...

..A better understanding of these mechanisms may lead to therapeutic strategies to reduce brain injury and neurological sequelae...

..Hepatitis B has a low prevalence among pregnant women in rural Bangladesh. Existing hepatitis B vaccination schedule in the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) to vaccinate the children in rural Bangladesh is appropriate...

..Study data contribute to an understanding of the pathophysiology of human hepatitis E and set an antibody response pattern to be targeted as a part of HEV vaccine development...

..Kamphaeng Phet Province, in north-central Thailand had over 50 HPAI poultry outbreaks in 2004 alone, and 1 confirmed and 2 likely other human HPAI infections between 2004 and 2006...

..It is shown that the Q-PCR is a rapid, sensitive and reproducible tool for the detection and quantitation of the four dengue serotypes in clinical samples, and therefore of great interest for diagnostic use or for large cohort studies...

..The findings of this study suggest that currently available RDTs based on the detection of IgM antibodies for the diagnosis of acute dengue virus infections are unlikely to be useful for patient management...

..Molecular dating indicates that these viruses have been circulating for at least 250 years...

..This information is helpful in considering options for strengthening the laboratory component of JE surveillance...

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..We employed serial ultrasound examination to delineate the locations and the timing of plasma leakage and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasound in detecting plasma leakage in DHF...

..Physicians should exercise their best clinical judgment in identifying and treating patients with KS who may not meet standard case definitions...

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