Yi Ho Young

..We therefore believe that effective suppression of PCN in the experimental PLF is due to failure in short-term adaptation, caused by lesions in the peripheral vestibular organs, such as the floating labyrinth...

..The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of vertigo in irradiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma survivors...

..The stages were classified as follows: stage I, a 4-tone average of less than 26 dB; stage II, 26 to 40 dB; stage III, 41 to 70 dB; and stage IV, more than 70 dB...

..It also adds confidence to the successful use of binaural stimulation and recording of VEMPs under conditions of bilateral SCM muscular contractions...

..The purpose of the study was to present our experience in treating these patients to determine the risk of this procedure...

..Clinically, VEMP test has been widely used in central and peripheral vestibular disorders...

..The study aims to investigate the VEMPs in cases of delayed endolymphatic hydrops because greatly dilated saccule was observed in histopathological specimens of delayed endolymphatic hydrops...

..This retrospective study presents our experience on the posterior cranial fossa tumors in young adults during the past 15 years...

..Vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) testing has become a well-established test to explore the sacculo-collic pathways in human. The aim of the present study is to establish a clinical indication for saccular hydrops by VEMP testing...

..The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of clonazepam in treating idiopathic downbeat nystagmus...

..In conclusion, PISD is a late complication in NPC patients post-irradiation. The causative mechanism is theorized as vascular insufficiency...

..This study used air-conducted sound (ACS) and bone-conducted vibration (BCV) stimuli in eliciting ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) and cervical VEMP (cVEMP) in guinea pigs...

..Therefore, this study applied three kinds of aminoglycosides into the tympanic space of guinea pigs to examine their toxic impact on the saccule by way of click-evoked myogenic potential test coupled with morphologic assessment...

..A further large number of newborns receiving MRI scan for other reasons may undergo VEMP test to verify this hypothesis...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the VEMP responses in those with acute acoustic trauma...

..The tumor size of acoustic neuroma correlates with cochleovestibular deficits. Those tumors with global frequency hearing loss, bilateral gaze nystagmus, or absent caloric and VEMP responses may indicate a tumor size >2.5 cm...

..This study utilized bone-conducted vibration (BCV) stimuli for eliciting ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs) to assess the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) system in healthy children and adults...

..The aim of this study was to determine whether bone-conducted vibration (BCV) or air-conducted sound (ACS) is the optimal mode for eliciting both ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs) and cervical VEMPs (cVEMPs)...

..In conclusion, this study establishes the animal model of oVEMP in guinea pigs using bone-conducted vibration stimuli, which sets the stage for investigating the pathophysiology of the utricular disorders...

..The aim of this investigation carried out with guinea pigs was to study the possible effects of a gentamicin treatment on the saccular macula and on its afferent vestibular ganglion neurons...

....

..It was the authors' premise that the vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) test may be used to differentiate acute low-tone hearing loss (ALHL) from Meniere's disease with low-tone HL...

..This study intended to explore the relationship between saccular asymmetry and final hearing recovery. We hypothesize that greater extent of saccular dysfunction may be associated with lesser hearing recovery...

..To investigate the effect of chronic noise exposure on vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials...

..This study applied bone-conducted vibration (BCV) stimuli at various repetition rates to investigate the effects of repetition rate on both ocular and cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs and cVEMPs)...

..To investigate whether the saccule exhibits temporary or permanent functional loss resembling threshold shifts in auditory brainstem response (ABR) of guinea pigs following noise exposure...

..This study applied bone vibration (BV) stimulation to the Fz and Fpz sites to investigate the influence of head acceleration on the ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs)...

....

..This study examined whether neck length or thickness influences vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) responses...

..The aim of this study was to investigate whether vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) correlates with the progression of otosclerosis...

..To use an audiovestibular test battery to evaluate patients with leukoaraiosis in order to investigate the relationship between vertigo and dizziness and leukoaraiosis...

....

..This study aimed to assess the toxic effect of gentamicin eardrops on the inner ear end organs via a novel inner ear monitoring system combined with morphological examination...

..Accordingly, the mucociliary differentiation-promoting effect of hyaluronan-derivative membranes indicates that it may be applied to the tissue engineering of respiratory epithelium...

..This study compared the characteristic parameters of vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) via galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) in healthy subjects of various ages to measure the effect of aging on GVS-VEMPs...

..This study aims to analyze which division of vestibular nerve in the internal auditory canal is responsible for inducing vertigo in patients with herpes zoster oticus (HZO)...

..The optimal stimulation mode for oVEMPs was also determined...

....

..This study applied caloric and vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) tests to evaluate whether children with benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV) shares similar vestibular features with basilar type migraine...

..However, optimal stimulus parameters have yet to be established. This study was conducted to quantify the effects of galvanic stimulus intensity and duration on VEMP responses...

..This study applied ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) tests in healthy subjects of various ages to measure the effect of aging on oVEMPs quantitatively...

..Hence, the use of gentamicin-treated animals, along with normal controls and auditory brainstem responses, results in convincing results that the recorded myogenic potentials are in fact of vestibular origin...

..This study compared unilateral Ménière disease patients with augmented oVEMPs vs reduced oVEMPs to elucidate the mechanism of augmented oVEMP...

..Conversely, the caloric, o-VEMP, and cervical VEMP (c-VEMP) tests should be performed to map lesion sites in the vestibular labyrinth...

..The inner ear monitoring system is useful for identifying the affected branches of the vestibular nerve in cases of vestibular neuritis, providing insight about the interval for the relief of vertigo...

..This study aims to investigate if tinnitus patients with normal audiological presentation demonstrate increased intensity dependence at the selected frequencies...

..This difference may possibly exist because schwannoma causes vestibular deficits via parenchymal involvement, while vestibular deficits in the meningioma are mostly due to compression neuropathy...

..This study investigated the association between neck length and vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) latencies in healthy children, adolescents, and adults to elucidate when VEMP latencies reach consistent levels...

....

..This study applied bone-conducted vibration (BCV) stimulation to various midsagittal sites on the cranium to optimize stimulation conditions for ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs)...

....

..Restated, increasing acceleration magnitude may have more synchronization of firing of vestibular afferents, resulting in more synchronized evoked potentials and greater oVEMP amplitude...

..These results indicate that EGb 761 has a protective effect against gentamicin ototoxicity through a reduction in the formation of ROS and NO and subsequent inhibition of hair cell apoptosis in the cochlea...

....

..Overall, the changes in SP and NPY expression in VG neurons after gentamicin treatment were like to those in the superior cervical ganglion following sympathectomy...

..Based on the above results, we therefore conclude that VEMPs are heavily dependent on type I hair cell activity of the saccular macula in guinea pigs...

..Further study is in progress regarding how to preserve both cochlear and saccular function during long term gunshot exposure...

..To identify malignant cervical lymphadenopathy, we established a real-time, computerized scoring system based on sonographic findings and demographic data...

..Under such conditions, myogenic potentials may be evoked with the tapping method to elicit the absent VEMPs that result from middle ear or inner ear pathology...

..Both patients were rather well, 3 years after last treatment...

..This study retrospectively reviewed all cases of mid-frequency sudden deafness to understand the clinical significance of this hallmark finding...

..25 mg/l. However, impaired performance of sacculocollic reflex and vestibulocerebellar interaction has occurred, when the BrAC was <0.25 mg/l, suggesting that a lower legal threshold is appropriate...

..The relationships between oVEMP characteristics and structural factors were also investigated...

..This study applied vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) test in full-term newborns younger than 2 weeks, to investigate the development and maturation of the sacculo-collic reflex in early life...

..In summary, subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by vertebrobasilar system aneurysms is a life-threatening event. Delineating the configuration by 3D-reconstruction of MR images allows more accurate diagnosis and more effective management...

..Hence, in evaluating the extension of brainstem stroke, both caloric and VEMP testing should be performed...

..Hence, VEMP testing may expand the test battery for clinicians to explore balance problems in NPC survivors after irradiation...

..In conclusion, hypotensive patients with vertigo could be due to either direct autonomic dysfunction or ischemic disorder mediated by autonomic deficits...

..One year after operation, follow-up audiovestibular function tests revealed normal responses, except for 23 dB conductive hearing loss on the right ear...

..The mean interval from vertiginous episode to death was 16 months (range 5-27). In conclusion, vertiginous attack in a lung cancer patient having other systemic metastases indicates a high probability of posterior fossa metastasis...

....

..Thus, in vitro fertilization treatment protocol has been terminated...

..In conclusion, an inner ear test battery comprising audiometry, caloric, oVEMP, and cVEMP tests may provide further insight into the localization and prevalence of hydrops formation in Ménière's disease...

..An MRI scan followed by CSF cytological examination or histopathological study may help to confirm the diagnosis...

..CONCLUSION: An acoustic stimulus intensity of 105 dB nHL is required to reliably elicit waves n34-p44 in subjects with normal hearing...

..In conclusion, NF2 originates from the superior vestibular nerve more often than the inferior vestibular nerve. It more often infiltrates the cochlear nerve than the inferior vestibular nerve...

....

..These findings suggest that click is superior to short tone burst to trigger VEMPs. Because C-VEMPs have a shorter p13 latency than STB-VEMPs, the interpretation of prolonged latency differs in each stimulus condition...

..CONCLUSION: All the lesioned ears of patients with idiopathic sudden deafness exhibit normal biphasic VEMPs. Neither the hearing level nor the caloric response correlated to the VEMPs...

..Therefore, lesions affecting the fourth ventricle may present as cerebellar or brainstem manifestations. Herein, we presented our experience in the diagnosis of disorders affecting the fourth ventricle during the past 15 years...

..This study compared clinical manifestations and audiovestibular function tests among subjects of basilar-type migraine (BtM), definite and probable migrainous vertigo (dMV and pMV), in order to investigate the relationship between them...

..Although the nerve pathways for both components are different, the thresholds for these potentials do not differ significantly, indicating that both components may, at least in part, share a common origin, but different pathways...

..In contrast, in those who followed a natural course without medication no significant difference existed in the mean hearing level of each frequency, at 1 year after delivery...

..Based on this study, we suggest establishing different reference values according to different age groups when evaluating VEMP response in patients with vestibular diseases...

..Audiovestibular deficits in cases of epidermoid cyst are attributable to compression neuropathy, which may resolve and return to normal responses after surgery...

..However, the diseases did not differ significantly in terms of abnormal DPOAEs or caloric test results...

..To investigate the otologic complications in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who were treated by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and compared with those who were treated by two-dimensional radiotherapy (2DRT)...

..If fever, bleeding, cough, or dyspnea occurs during treatment, dextran must be immediately stopped. Subsequent treatment should focus on dextran clearance to prevent further cascade complications...

..We therefore recommend that when VEMP responses cannot be elicited by the head elevation method, the head rotation method should be utilized to reduce false-negative results...

..CONCLUSIONS: Most patients (67%) with Meniere attacks revealed abnormal VEMPs, indicating that the saccule participates in a Meniere attack. This is an important idea that stimulates consideration of the mechanism of Meniere attacks...

..Therefore, cochleo-vestibular deficits in JF tumors can be attributed to compression neuropathy, rather than tumor infiltration...

..Hence, the therapeutic benefits of a second course of RT are associated with the potential risk of oscillopsia after RT...

..After 3 months of medication, recovery of normal vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in an asymptomatic patient indicates reversible ischemia in the territory of the basilar artery...

..This result can explain why grommet insertion or tympanoplasty is not beneficial to postirradiated ears, possibly because both operations spare the inflammation outside the middle ear cavity...

..In addition to 8% occurrence of posterior fossa metastasis, other possible causes for vertigo in breast cancer survivors consist of vascular insufficiency, hyperlipidemia and labyrinthine lesion...

....

..D-Methionine attenuated cisplatin-induced vestibulotoxicity associated with ionic disturbance through its antioxidative property...

..After surgery, VEMP test can be used to define the nature of the tumor (compressing or infiltrating the nerve) and disclose the residual function of the inferior vestibular nerve...

..Potentially, decreasing Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity and increasing NO production within the cerebellar regulatory center are postulated to mediate this VOR dysfunction caused by the mercurial compounds and cinnabar...

..Therefore, those with vertigo and nystagmus may be signaling a forthcoming stroke event, something that should be considered for clinicians seeing vertiginous patients...

..Laboratory examinations such as cytologic study of the cerebrospinal fluid and serologic study can assist in the diagnosis...