Research Topics
| Brian G WilliamsSummaryAffiliation: World Health Organization Country: Switzerland Publications
| Collaborators
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Detail Information
Publications
Diabetes and tuberculosis: the impact of the diabetes epidemic on tuberculosis incidenceCatherine R Stevenson
Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, UK
BMC Public Health 7:234. 2007..Diabetes increases the risk of TB. Our aim was to assess the potential impact of diabetes as a risk factor for incident pulmonary tuberculosis, using India as an example...- Cost, affordability and cost-effectiveness of strategies to control tuberculosis in countries with high HIV prevalenceChristine S M Currie
School of Mathematics, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
BMC Public Health 5:130. 2005..However, published cost and cost-effectiveness studies are limited... - The potential impact of male circumcision on HIV in Sub-Saharan AfricaBrian G Williams
World Health Organization, Stop TB Department, Geneva, Switzerland
PLoS Med 3:e262. 2006..We explore the implications of this finding for the promotion of MC as a public health intervention to control HIV in sub-Saharan Africa... 
HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy, and CD4+ cell count distributions in African populationsBrian G Williams
Stop TB Department, World Health Organization, Geneva 1211 CH 1211, Switzerland
J Infect Dis 194:1450-8. 2006....- The design effect and cluster samples: optimising tuberculosis prevalence surveysB Williams
World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 12:1110-5. 2008..We illustrate the results using data from a recent survey in Cambodia in which TB was diagnosed using sputum smears, cultures and X-rays... - Changing patterns of knowledge, reported behaviour and sexually transmitted infections in a South African gold mining communityBrian G Williams
16 rue de la Canonniere, Geneva 1202, Switzerland
AIDS 17:2099-107. 2003..This included community-based peer education, condom distribution, syndromic management of sexually transmitted infections (STI), and presumptive STI treatment for sex workers... - Antiretroviral drugs for tuberculosis control in the era of HIV/AIDSBrian G Williams
Communicable Diseases, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
Science 301:1535-7. 2003..However, ARV drugs could enhance the treatment of TB, and TB programs provide an important entry point for the treatment of HIV/AIDS... - Estimates of world-wide distribution of child deaths from acute respiratory infectionsBrian G Williams
World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, Geneva 27, CH 1211, Switzerland
Lancet Infect Dis 2:25-32. 2002..This analysis suggests that throughout the world 1.9 million (95% CI 1.6-2.2 million) children died from ARI in 2000, 70% of them in Africa and southeast Asia... 
The population dynamics and control of tuberculosisChristopher Dye
World Health Organization, CH1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
Science 328:856-61. 2010..Whatever the technology used, success depends critically on the social, institutional, and epidemiological context in which it is applied...- Malaria attributable to the HIV-1 epidemic, sub-Saharan AfricaEline L Korenromp
World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
Emerg Infect Dis 11:1410-9. 2005..These effects were due to high HIV-1 prevalence in rural areas and the locally unstable nature of malaria transmission that results in a high proportion of adult cases... - Global incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosisMatteo Zignol
Stop TB Department, World Health Organization, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
J Infect Dis 194:479-85. 2006.... - Effects of human immunodeficiency virus infection on recurrence of tuberculosis after rifampin-based treatment: an analytical reviewEline L Korenromp
Communicable Diseases, Stop TB Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
Clin Infect Dis 37:101-12. 2003..025). In countries where HIV infection is endemic, TB recurrence may be reduced by administration of rifampin-based treatment for at least 6 months, in accordance with World Health Organization recommendations... - Universal voluntary HIV testing with immediate antiretroviral therapy as a strategy for elimination of HIV transmission: a mathematical modelReuben M Granich
Department of HIV AIDS, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
Lancet 373:48-57. 2009..We investigated a theoretical strategy of universal voluntary HIV testing and immediate treatment with ART, and examined the conditions under which the HIV epidemic could be driven towards elimination... - Transmission of HIV-1 infection in sub-Saharan Africa and effect of elimination of unsafe injectionsGeorge P Schmid
WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
Lancet 363:482-8. 2004..Increased efforts are needed to reduce sexual transmission of HIV-1... - What is the limit to case detection under the DOTS strategy for tuberculosis control?Christopher Dye
Communicable Diseases, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
Tuberculosis (Edinb) 83:35-43. 2003.... - Eliminating human tuberculosis in the twenty-first centuryChristopher Dye
HIV AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, World Health Organization, Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
J R Soc Interface 5:653-62. 2008..Our results should be a stimulus to those who develop, manufacture and implement new technology for TB control, and to their financial donors... - Erasing the world's slow stain: strategies to beat multidrug-resistant tuberculosisChristopher Dye
Communicable Diseases, World Health Organization, CH 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
Science 295:2042-6. 2002.... - A consistent log-linear relationship between tuberculosis incidence and body mass indexKnut Lonnroth
World Health Organization, Stop TB Department, Geneva, Switzerland
Int J Epidemiol 39:149-55. 2010..No previous systematic review has been done to explore the consistency and establish the gradient of this apparent 'dose-response' relationship... - Measurement of trends in childhood malaria mortality in Africa: an assessment of progress toward targets based on verbal autopsyEline L Korenromp
Malaria Control Department of WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
Lancet Infect Dis 3:349-58. 2003.... - Lives saved by tuberculosis control and prospects for achieving the 2015 global target for reducing tuberculosis mortalityPhilippe Glaziou
World Health Organization, 20 avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
Bull World Health Organ 89:573-82. 2011.... - Antiretroviral therapy for prevention of tuberculosis in adults with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysisAmitabh B Suthar
Department of HIV AIDS, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
PLoS Med 9:e1001270. 2012..We conducted a systematic review of studies that analysed the impact of antiretroviral therapy on the incidence of tuberculosis in adults with HIV infection... - Impact of malaria control on childhood anaemia in Africa -- a quantitative reviewEline L Korenromp
World Health Organization, Roll Back Malaria, Geneva, Switzerland
Trop Med Int Health 9:1050-65. 2004..To review the impact of malaria control on haemoglobin (Hb) distributions and anaemia prevalences in children under 5 in malaria-endemic Africa... - Slow elimination of multidrug-resistant tuberculosisChristopher Dye
Office of HIV AIDS, Tuberculosis, Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, CH1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
Sci Transl Med 1:3ra8. 2009..This result applies even to countries such as Estonia and Latvia, which have exceptionally high prevalence rates of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis... - Drivers of tuberculosis epidemics: the role of risk factors and social determinantsKnut Lonnroth
World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
Soc Sci Med 68:2240-6. 2009..The identification of risk groups also helps to target strategies for early detection of people in need of TB treatment. More research is needed on the suitability, feasibility and cost-effectiveness of these intervention options... - Nutrition, diabetes and tuberculosis in the epidemiological transitionChristopher Dye
HIV AIDS, Tuberculosis, Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
PLoS ONE 6:e21161. 2011..Interactions between diabetes and BMI could help or hinder TB control in growing, aging, urbanizing populations... - Worldwide incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosisChristopher Dye
Communicable Diseases, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
J Infect Dis 185:1197-202. 2002..2% of all new TB cases. The analysis provides the first comprehensive set of estimates of the MDR TB burden by country and globally... - Expanding ART for treatment and prevention of HIV in South Africa: estimated cost and cost-effectiveness 2011-2050Reuben Granich
HIV AIDS Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
PLoS ONE 7:e30216. 2012..Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) significantly reduces HIV transmission. We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of the impact of expanded ART in South Africa... - Alcohol use as a risk factor for tuberculosis - a systematic reviewKnut Lonnroth
Stop TB Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
BMC Public Health 8:289. 2008..Nor has the strength of the association been established. The objective of this study was to systematically review the available evidence on the association between alcohol use and the risk of tuberculosis... - Achieving universal access for human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis: potential prevention impact of an integrated multi-disease prevention campaign in kenyaReuben Granich
Treatment and Care Unit, Department of HIV AIDS, World Health Organization, Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
AIDS Res Treat 2012:412643. 2012..Community-based integrated public health campaigns could be a potential solution to reach universal access and Millennium Development Goals... - The impact of migration on HIV-1 transmission in South Africa: a study of migrant and nonmigrant men and their partnersMark N Lurie
South African Medical Research Council, HIV Prevention and Vaccine Research Unit, Durban, South Africa
Sex Transm Dis 30:149-56. 2003..To investigate the association between migration and HIV infection among migrant and nonmigrant men and their rural partners... - High incidence of HIV-1 in South Africa using a standardized algorithm for recent HIV seroconversionEleanor Gouws
Medical Research Council, Congella, South Africa
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 29:531-5. 2002..The HIV-1 incidence rates provide valuable additional information indicating that new infections are continuing unabated and that the HIV-1 epidemic is still growing in rural South Africa... - The growing burden of tuberculosis: global trends and interactions with the HIV epidemicElizabeth L Corbett
Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
Arch Intern Med 163:1009-21. 2003..The prevention of HIV and TB, the extension of WHO DOTS programs, and a focused effort to control HIV-related TB in areas of high HIV prevalence are matters of great urgency... - Who infects whom? HIV-1 concordance and discordance among migrant and non-migrant couples in South AfricaMark N Lurie
South African Medical Research Council, HIV Prevention and Vaccine Research Unit, Durban, South Africa
AIDS 17:2245-52. 2003..To measure HIV-1 discordance among migrant and non-migrant men and their rural partners, and to estimate the relative risk of infection from inside versus outside primary relationships... - Impact of HIV on novel therapies for tuberculosis controlMaria S Sanchez
Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 3114, USA
AIDS 22:963-72. 2008..We investigated how tuberculosis is impacted by reducing treatment duration alone or combined with enhanced case detection and/or cure under different HIV prevalence levels... - The effect of diagnostic delays on the drop-out rate and the total delay to diagnosis of tuberculosisStephen J Millen
DST NRF Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis SACEMA, Stellenbosch University, Western Cape, Republic of South Africa
PLoS ONE 3:e1933. 2008..Such delays are critical as infected individuals remain untreated in the community, providing more opportunities for transmission of the disease and adversely affecting the epidemic... - Response to Brown et al., 'Incident and prevalent herpes simplex virus type 2 infection increases risk of HIV acquisition among women in Uganda and Zimbabwe'Brian G Williams
AIDS 21:2356-7. 2007 - Tuberculosis epidemics driven by HIV: is prevention better than cure?Christine S M Currie
Faculty of Mathematical Studies, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
AIDS 17:2501-8. 2003..To compare the benefits of tuberculosis (TB) treatment with TB and HIV prevention for the control of TB in regions with high HIV prevalence... - Human immunodeficiency virus and the prevalence of undiagnosed tuberculosis in African gold minersElizabeth L Corbett
Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 170:673-9. 2004..The difference in mean duration of smear positivity was particularly marked and, if generalizable, will have major implications for TB control prospects in high HIV prevalence areas... - Diabetes and the risk of tuberculosis: a neglected threat to public health?Catherine R Stevenson
Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge CB1 9NL, UK
Chronic Illn 3:228-45. 2007..However, this is rarely highlighted in current research or control priorities. This paper aims to evaluate the evidence for an association between these two diseases... - Polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene promoter may predispose to severe silicosis in black South African minersElizabeth L Corbett
Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 165:690-3. 2002..A predominant effect on disease severity, rather than on disease frequency, appears to be a general feature of promoter polymorphism in diseases in which TNF-alpha has a critical role...