Urs von Stockar

..Potential sources for errors have been analyzed and can be used to identify the most important needs for future research...

..The ratio of enthalpy change and Gibbs energy change can also be predicted since it is shown to be approximately equal to the same ratio of the relevant catabolic process alone...

..The present contribution uses the course structure to provide an outline of the area and to characterize very briefly the achievements, the challenges, and the research needs in the various sub-topics...

..Even though simple, this method allows more advanced calculations, such as determination of the explained variance and detection of unexpected compounds using residuals analysis...

..12 pH units, and the technique was fast enough to implement a feedback controller to maintain the pH constant during cultivation...

..In terms of process optimization, this suggests that a compromise on the specific growth rate may have to be found, in certain cases, to work with an acceptable productivity while avoiding the addition of many mannoses...

..It is verified experimentally that the proposed approach reduces the standard error of prediction without the need for additional off-line analysis...

..11, 0.37, and 0.79 g/L for fructose, acetate, and gluconacetan, respectively. Therefore, the proposed algorithm is a valuable approach to reduce the calibration time of multiwavelength optical sensors...

..Results obtained in a high cell density fed-batch culture with a mixed feed of 0.65 C-mol C-mol(-1) methanol and 0.35 C-mol C-mol(-1) glycerol were in agreement with results obtained during the transient nutrient gradient...

....

..In less noisy conditions, the three models performed similarly. Estimates of the mean cell size were done additionally using the Cole-Cole and PLS models, the latter technique giving more satisfactory results...

..34 microm (2%). Upon extension to a subsequent experiment (B16), the predicted error was 1.18 microm (9%)...

..High rate of methanol consumption was due to high specific AOX activities observed at low residual methanol concentrations...

....

....

..These data certainly help the operator to additionally evaluate the state of the process on-line...

..Applying this technique led to a noticeable decrease in the standard error of prediction of metabolite concentrations monitored during an anaerobic fermentation of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae...

..12gl(-1). Even though methanol acts both as carbon source and inducer of protein expression, no significant effect was observed on the level of protein expression in the recombinant strain used...

..Furthermore, additional process aspects, biological and legal constraint need to be considered from the very beginning for the design of an ISPR project. Finally, future trends of new, modified or improved ISPR techniques are given...

..The specific avidin production rate was 22 microg g(-1) h(-1) at a dilution rate of 0.06 h(-1)...

....

..It also suggests an urgent need for experimental determinations of such factors as a prerequisite for sensible thermodynamic analysis of metabolism on a genome-wide scale...

..The central carbon metabolism of the mutant strain was similar to that of the wildtype strain, though the relative pentose phosphate flux was lower and the TCA cycle flux in accordance with the biomass yield being lower...

..Used in an online context, this approach serves as an efficient tool for strain characterization and physiological studies...

..This was confirmed by experiments showing reduced growth rates of batch suspension cultures of CHO cells in medium containing dissolved alginate. Removal of this alginate would therefore be expected to increase microcapsule colonization...

..The sensor system proved to be reliable, simple, accurate, sterile, and capable of long-term automatic operation and is considered to be mature enough to be routinely applied for in situ (on-line) cell culture monitoring...

..In this way, the productivity of gluconacetan was increased from 1.8 x 10(-3) [C-mol/C-mol substrate/h] in the batch process to 2.9 x 10(-3) [C-mol/C-mol substrate/h] in the fed-batch process described in this study...

....

..Under these conditions, incubation of tripropionin-alginate microcapsules in a buffer containing the enzyme successfully produced aqueous-core capsules with reduced accumulation of alginate in the core in approximately 3 h...