H C Bucher

..We investigated the association of highly atherogenic small dense low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and apolipoprotein B and coronary events in HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy...

..The aim of STOPIT-2 is to determine the magnitude and determinants of possible bias introduced by stopping RCTs early for benefit...

..We investigated whether claims in drug advertisements citing published scientific studies were justified by these studies after the introduction of these new regulations...

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..The aim of this trial is to compare a ProCT-guided antibiotic therapy with a standard approach based on evidence-based guidelines for patients with ARTI in primary care...

..The advent of simpler formulations for all drug classes, and new PIs with less metabolic toxicity, is likely to reshape completely the role of SMT...

..To compare the response to ritonavir (RTV) plus saquinavir (SQV) with single protease inhibitor (PI) therapies among PI-naive HIV-1 infected individuals...

..We evaluated the effect of a combination product of amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate on adults with acute rhinosinusitis that was clinically diagnosed in a general practice setting...

..Computerized clinical decision support systems have been advocated to improve the management of patients at risk for CHD but it is unclear whether such systems reduce patients' risk for CHD...

..To determine whether percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (angioplasty) is superior to medical treatment in non-acute coronary artery disease...

..Hierarchical modeling has been proposed as a solution to the multiple exposure problem. We estimate associations between metabolic syndrome and different components of antiretroviral therapy using both conventional and hierarchical models...

..To investigate delayed HIV diagnosis and late initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study...

..We investigated the prevalence of comedications and PDDIs within a large HIV cohort, and their effect on ART efficacy and tolerability...

..We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and the impact of discontinuing and/or switching enfuvirtide on virologic and clinical parameters in clinical practice...

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..To compare the use of co-medication, the potential drug-drug interactions (PDDIs) and the effect on antiretroviral therapy (ART) tolerability and efficacy in HIV-infected individuals according to age, ≥ 50 years or <50 years...

..Interruptions of ART are still frequent. The long-term effect on CD4 T-cell recovery and clinical events remains unknown...

..We investigated the incidence and outcome of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals before and after the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in 1996...

..Adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is a dynamic process, however, changes in adherence behavior over time are insufficiently understood...

..We assessed the efficacy, tolerability and risk factors for virological failure of darunavir for treatment-experienced patients seen in clinical practice...

..CONCLUSION: During the 6-year observation period, the prevalence of CVRFs remains high in the SHCS. Time trends indicate a decrease in the percentage of smokers and individuals with high cholesterol...

..To evaluate the long-term safety and effectiveness of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) in a population-based cohort of HIV-1-infected children...

..Adverse effects of combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) commonly result in treatment modification and poor adherence...

..Despite an increase in the majority of measured lipids and lipoproteins particularly in the first year after initiation, we could not detect an obvious increase of cardiovascular risk resulting from the observed lipid changes...

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..SMT with any of the three drugs reduces the risk of discontinuation of therapy, and SMT with abacavir reduces plasma cholesterol...

..There is an ongoing debate as to whether combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) during pregnancy is an independent risk factor for prematurity in HIV-1-infected women...

..We consider whether antibiotic therapy guided by procalcitonin reduces the use of antibiotics without increasing the restrictions experienced by patients by more than 1 day...

..In this study, data from the Swiss Mother and Child HIV Cohort Study were used to describe maternal characteristics and their association with pregnancy outcomes in HIV positive women...

..Switchers were matched to non-switchers on the basis of calendar time, CD4 cell count, and viral load...

..01, compared with HLA-Bw4 homozygotes). HLA-Bw4 homozygosity appears to predict an impaired CD4 T cell recovery after initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy...

..The aim was to investigate whether the addition of rPRT to genotypic resistance testing (GRT) compared to GRT alone is beneficial for obtaining a virological response in heavily pre-treated HIV-infected patients...

..It was suggested that in these patients corticosteroids adjunctive to standard treatment for PCP could prevent the need for mechanical ventilation and decrease mortality...

..It remains unclear whether these findings were present at recruitment or developed after joining the workforce...

..The indication for these medications, especially in elderly patients at risk for falls, should be carefully evaluated and controlled...

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..Individuals with a risk >20% are classified as high risk and are candidates for preventive intervention. We aimed to validate the FPS in a European population of elderly subjects...

..Measurement of prohormones representing different pathophysiological pathways could enhance risk stratification in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and other lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI)...

..Low-carbohydrate diets have become increasingly popular for weight loss. However, evidence from individual trials about benefits and risks of these diets to achieve weight loss and modify cardiovascular risk factors is preliminary...

..There is conflicting evidence on whether patients wish to be involved in medical decisions...

..To evaluate the prevalence and predictors of airflow limitation among smokers aged > or =40 years visiting primary care practices in Switzerland, and the correlation between airflow limitation and patient-reported symptoms...

..A growing number of case reports have described tenofovir (TDF)-related proximal renal tubulopathy and impaired calculated glomerular filtration rates (cGFR). We assessed TDF-associated changes in cGFR in a large observational HIV cohort...

..We undertook a meta-analysis of randomised trials based on individual patients' data to assess whether common signs and symptoms can be used to identify a subgroup of patients who benefit from antibiotics...

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..Competing death without prior appropriate ICD therapy might preclude benefit from ICD implantation in a less selected routine-care population...

..In lower respiratory tract infections, PCT guidance had a differential effect on antibiotic exposure depending on the underlying type and severity of respiratory tract infection...

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..It is uncertain which therapy is more effective for patients starting therapy with an advanced infection...

..Based on a health care system approach, we investigated predictors for normalization of dyslipidemia in HIV-infected individuals receiving ART...

..We investigated the prevalence of these tests, and how tests are associated with diagnosis, treatment and patient satisfaction...

..To examine whether primary stenting as compared with primary balloon angioplasty reduces clinical outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction...

..To assess if lipid-lowering interventions (statins, fibrates, resins, n-3 fatty acids, diet) prevent nonfatal and fatal strokes in patients with and without coronary heart disease...

..To evaluate whether stents as compared to balloon angioplasty reduce mortality in patients with non-acute coronary artery disease...

..Our objective is to show whether such associations are more or less likely for patients on non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based HAART...

..CONCLUSIONS: HCV infection incidence in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study was mainly associated with IDU. In HIV-infected MSM, HCV infection was associated with unsafe sex...

..We report on medium-term lipid profiles (up to 5 years) for antiretroviral-naive patients starting NNRTI- and PI-based HAART in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study...

..Patient expectations may be an important component of a placebo effect, and yet few studies assess how patients' pre-existing expectations affect subsequent health outcomes...

..CONCLUSIONS: Younger age, lack of social support, and complexity of therapy are important factors that are related to nonadherence with ART. Investment in behavioral dimensions of HIV is crucial to improve adherence in ART recipients...

..CONCLUSION: Based on available evidence, initiation of statin therapy within 14 days following onset of ACS does not reduce death, MI, or stroke up to 4 months...

..A cluster-randomised controlled trial in general practice..

..With simple clinical assessment and few laboratory tests indicative of infection, it is possible to define a group at higher risk for bacteremia in outpatients...

..The greater effect of statins is likely due to the larger reduction in cholesterol...

..Our study objectives were to examine prescribing patterns of antibiotics and symptomatic medications for ARTI in Swiss primary care and to monitor pharmacists' interventions during the prescription-dispensing process...

..Any potential reduction in cardiac mortality from fibrates is offset by an increased risk of death from noncardiovascular causes...

..This study aimed to identify predictive factors for long-term CD4+ T-cell increase in treatment-naive patients starting combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)...

..A few small studies have reported a positive correlation between renal phosphate losses, increased bone turnover and sAP...

..To assess the characteristics of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) administered concomitantly with chemotherapy and to establish prognostic determinants of patients with AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma...

..e., wage rate), and that (ii) availability of non-labour income induces income effects, i.e. individuals demand more leisure time...

..3 cases per 100 patient-years. CONCLUSIONS: Discontinuation of secondary prophylaxis against P. jirovecii pneumonia is safe even in the long term in patients who have a sustained immunologic response on antiretroviral combination therapy...

..There is no evidence that self-reported unsafe sexual behavior is more prevalent among HIV-infected individuals with optimal viral suppression. However, unsafe sex is associated with other factors...

..The number of new diagnoses of HIV infection is rising in the northwestern hemisphere and it is becoming increasingly important to understand the mechanisms behind this trend...

..06 (0.98 to 1.14) for optimal viral suppression. CONCLUSIONS: A stable partnership is associated with a slower rate of progression to AIDS or death in HIV infected patients receiving HAART...

..The aim of this study was to explore the predictive value of longitudinal self-reported adherence data on viral rebound...

..CONCLUSIONS: Specific knowledge about the age of onset and sequence of substances used by drug addicts may help to prevent substance use more age specifically...

..Diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its severity determination is based on spirometry. The quality of spirometry is crucial...

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..It is not known whether the rate of CD4 cell decline prior to therapy is related to prognosis and should, therefore, influence the decision on when to initiate cART...

..This study assessed the effect of prolonged compression therapy after a standard treatment of 6 months after acute deep vein thrombosis...

..However, the yield of true-positive results is low. We investigated the benefit of procalcitonin (PCT) on hospital admission to predict blood culture positivity in CAP...

..Here, we aimed to study self-reported alcohol consumption and to determine its association with adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and HIV surrogate markers...

..Ongoing trials are further investigating the safety of lower target values in patients at various risk of coronary artery disease...

..CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests that dietary and non-dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces overall mortality, mortality due to myocardial infarction, and sudden death in patients with coronary heart disease...

..This survey analyzed perceptions of physicians, nurses, patients and relatives about feasibility of outpatient management and required duration of hospital stay...

..Ecological studies are prone to bias and whether point of care tests reduce antibiotic use has to be investigated in pragmatic primary care trials...

..A 75SeHCAT test demonstrated that the diarrhea was mainly due to bile acid malabsorption. Therapy with cholestyramine dramatically reduced bowel movements and led to significant reversal of weight loss...

..The presented patient is an unusual case with a very late onset of inflammatory response, which led to intestinal perforation...

..6 years). Skin infections were the main reason for hospitalization. The injection opiate maintenance program did not reduce the incidence of infection leading to hospitalization among the injection drug users studied...

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..Individuals with a shorter history of injecting drug use and of older age are more likely to continue intravenous opiate maintenance treatment...

..Socioeconomic characteristics may influence the cost-effectiveness of health care interventions in HIV-infected patients...

..In addition, the cost-effectiveness of ramipril in the subgroup of diabetic patients was assessed...

..The only predictor of development of lipoatrophy was a higher age (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Leptin as measured in plasma is unlikely to play a major role in the genesis of lipoatrophy...

..This comprehensive intervention program, which aimed to reduce antibiotic consumption and costs, was highly successful and had long-lasting effects...

..CONCLUSIONS: SCP in HIV-infected individuals is feasible and should be encouraged. The long-term impact of smoking cessation on CVD morbidity and mortality should be evaluated in comparative trials...

..To determine the effect of adjunctive antithyroid drugs on the risk of treatment failure, hypothyroidism, and adverse events after radioiodine treatment...

..These findings suggest clinicians should view the results of such trials with skepticism...