Andreas J Bircher

..The authors urge that quality standards for "natural" and pharmaceutical products should be the same and that only qualified professionals should deliver treatment and medical advice...

..The treatment includes early withdrawal of the suspected culprit drugs, application of topical corticosteroids, systemic antihistamines and, if necessary, systemic corticosteroids...

..Manifestations form the underlying disease, complications from therapy, infections and drug reactions are the most common differential diagnoses...

..A synthesis considering all factors should be made to obtain an early and correct diagnosis...

..Currently, primary prevention by avoidance of stings and bites, and adequate instruction of sensitized individuals in the use of emergency drugs are mandatory...

..Often, the skin represents the only organ manifestation; however, it may be the herald for a systemic involvement of internal organs, such as in severe drug-induced hypersensitivity syndromes or anaphylaxis...

..A detailed diagnosis in patients with allergic reactions to corticosteroids is crucial with regard to their use in emergency therapy...

..Potential bone cement allergens include acrylates, benzoyl peroxide, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, and gentamicin. Typical symptoms are pain, swelling, inflammatory skin reactions, implant loosening, and fistula formation...

..The patient suffered from recurrent dysphagia and urticaria, and histologically eosinophilic oesophagitis was found. IgG-antibodies and a positive skin prick test to Anisakis simplex support its aetiologic role for the symptoms...

..Therefore, an IgE-mediated mechanism remains to be proven. Desensitization with rifampicin using different protocols has been reported. In our 3 cases, clinical tolerance to rifampicin was achieved using a 7-day protocol...

..The purpose of this review is to summarize new interesting findings in both research and clinical practice of nonhymenoptera anaphylaxis with particular emphasis on food and drug allergy...

..This article discusses risk factors, early symptoms, and danger signs indicating a possibly severe course of an ADR and advises on early actions...

..This review summarizes the current diagnostic procedures for stinging insect allergy and discusses the latest developments in cellular in-vitro tests...

..For prick and intradermal skin tests, widely divergent nonirritant test concentrations have been recommended. Desensitization may be possible in selected patients...

..The aim of this study is to describe Ambrosia sensitisation rates in the population-based SAPALDIA cohort (Swiss Study on Air Pollution And Lung Diseases In Adults) and to test whether an increase in these rates could be observed...

..In addition some examples of drugs are given where, due to progress in research, instead of a pseudoallergic mechanism an immunological pathogenesis could be demonstrated...

..In some anticoagulant-associated hypersensitivity reactions detailed allergologic investigation may help to identify safe treatment alternatives. Typically, several tests are needed, and therefore the test procedures are time consuming...

..This review emphasizes immunostimulatory and hypersensitivity reactions...

..CONCLUSION: For better comparison and precision, the Chemical Abstracts Service number of the respective dye should always be given...

..The present review provides a survey of the literature on systemic allergic exanthem to mercury. However, plausible explanations for the distribution pattern of the skin manifestations in AGEP and flexural exanthem are still lacking...

..but irritant with formaldehydeRCC. Specific IgE to formaldehyde were positive. Patch tests were positive to formaldehydeRCC only. In the literature 28 patients with immediate symptoms to formaldehyde containing RCC have been described...

..No single or common cause could be identified. Statistical analysis suggests that exceptional clusters of systemic reactions such as these may be just random cumulations without identifiable cause...

..So a treatment with Omalizumab was started that recently was successfully used in 4 case reports. After 3 doses of Xolair® there was no changing in the phototesting results and after 4 doses no subjective improvement...

..Anaphylactoid and delayed cell-mediated unwanted effects are common; rare adverse reactions include iodine-related sialadenopathy, iododerma, and acneiform eruptions...

..Because of the close correlation of smoking tobacco or cannabis and the onset of symptoms, we put forward the diagnosis of a type I allergic reaction towards tobacco and cannabis...

..CONCLUSION: In patients with anaphylaxis to parenteral administration of carboxymethylcellulose, small amounts are tolerated by the oral route. Skin tests and CAST are useful diagnostic tools...

..Dermatologists should be aware of the contact urticaria syndrome and of the increasing use of glycols in topical drug formulation in order to identify possible adverse reactions...

..The increased frequency of case reports of allergic contact dermatitis from non-permanent black henna tattoos in recent years shows the popularity of this form of body painting...

..In both, the role of iodine has not been clarified; however, patients are often labelled as 'iodine allergic'. Occasionally, positive skin tests to iodine-containing drugs are observed...

..Furthermore, we highlight in this particular case the challenging differentiation from bullous drug eruption...

..In the literature, many variations of the techniques used are described. No general agreement exists on test procedures and reading of test results...

..The potential role of HHV-6 regarding the drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome is discussed and the main clinical features of this potentially fatal adverse drug reaction are highlighted...

..A modified patch test procedure using perforated plastic chambers to allow gas evaporation is necessary to test volatile agents...

..This article summarizes the recommended medications with their possible side-effects and their place in therapy management of allergic rhinitis in adults and children...

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..However, several tests may be needed, and the procedures are usually time-consuming...

..Approximately 3% of patients exposed to iodinated contrast media develop delayed hypersensitivity reactions...