Konrad Hungerbuhler

..The presence of snow and ice thus considerably changes the environmental fate of SOCs...

..Combined with H(2) uptake, the spectroscopic measurements provided new insights into the reaction mechanism of the gold catalysed hydrogenation of nitrobenzene and an update of the corresponding kinetics...

..If the use and resulting environmental emissions decrease, concentrations in water will rapidly decline, according to our calculations, while sediment levels will decrease at a considerably slower rate...

..The uptake estimates based on scenarios are within the range of values derived from blood serum data by applying a one-compartment pharmacokinetic model...

..The combined on-line monitoring revealed the differences between the reaction paths of the chosen substrates. Thus the product structure and the reaction times for the individual reaction steps can be determined in situ...

..The models can assist process developers to improve energy efficiency in all design stages and aid in LCA and supply chain management by filling data gaps...

..Any new model application or field campaign to quantify mercury cycling in a lake should consider these processes as important...

..Considering ongoing global warming and accelerated massive glacier melting predicted for the future, our study indicates the potential for dire environmental impacts due to pollutants delivered into pristine mountainous areas...

..Similarly, the exposure levels we predict are confirmed by the levels reported in these studies...

..Our emission rates from the three cities agree within a factor of ten with emission estimates from a global PCB emission inventory derived from production and usage estimates and emission factors...

..High flux of BC into Lake Stein, combined with constant temporal evolutions of BC and PAHs, and in particular BC/TOC ratios approaching 100% are all strong indications for a geogenic presence of graphite in its catchment area...

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..Therefore, simultaneously conducting TOC measurements and toxicity tests, as demonstrated in the current work, is recommended...

..The uncertainty associated with estimating delta H(VAP)degrees from P(L) degrees using this relationship is acceptable for most environmental fate modeling of non-hydrogen-bonding semivolatile organic chemicals...

..We therefore conclude that occupational health effects need to be considered in LCA to prevent overlooking key environmental-health impacts in LCA...

..Such studies will contribute to more accurate understanding of the processes controlling the short-term local, and long-term global fate of persistent semivolatile contaminants...

..g. Monte Carlo Simulation). In a case study we illustrate the application of the inventory data ranges according to situations of differing data availability...

..The future potential of the method for comparing not only versions of the same model but also models of different structure is discussed...

..Export to the deep sea has been found to be a relevant pathway for highly hydrophobic chemicals. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of this process on the potential for long-range transport (LRT) of such chemicals...

..Thus, they substantially help to perform an environmental assessment of industrial wastewater purification in the chemical and associated industries, which may be used, for instance, for technology choices...

..Whereas environmental concentrations and estimated future emissions are at steady state after about 10 years in temperate and tropical regions, this takes over 50 years in the Arctic...

..Sensitivity analysis and Bayesian Monte Carlo approach in combination provide new insight into important processes that govern the global fate and persistence of DDT in the environment...

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..However, our study indicates that PEC/PNEC ratios greater than 1 cannot be ruled out for freshwater ecosystems, in particular sediments. No risk is predicted for microbial communities in sewage treatment plants...

..Also, the data sets used to assess human exposure should be harmonized, summarized in a transparent fashion, and made accessible for all risk assessors and the public...

..Such studies can provide important information to derive regional and national POPs emission inventories as required under the Stockholm Convention, and to quantify the effectiveness of actions to reduce POP emissions...

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..Practical application of the ppLFER-based model to a wide range of chemicals is currently limited by data gaps in measured Abraham solvation parameters and uncertainties in estimation methods...

..Our results can be used to plan future measurement campaigns and extend monitoring networks...

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..The goal of this project was to gain an overview of the general importance of degradation products for environmental fate models, and to expand existing, exposure-based hazard indicators to take degradation products into account...

..If the required chemical property data are available, the ppLFER approach holds considerable potential to improve the gas-particle partitioning description for polar chemicals in multimedia models...

..Uncertainties of the model estimates are quantified and their implications for the findings of our study discussed...