Aron Goldhirsch

..We therefore investigated whether avoiding axillary surgery in older women would result in improved quality of life (QL) with similar disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS)...

..These drugs have since been extensively used with or without endocrine therapies and/or other cytotoxic agents. Although doses and schedules have varied widely, the combination of these three drugs is generically referred to as CMF...

..Therefore, adherence to the 'classical' dose and schedule is recommended when CMF is used in adjuvant therapy...

..The significant findings from clinical research opened several new questions, which must be answered before allowing them to be employed in routine patient care...

..Research with tailored approaches on alternative imaging for early detection of breast cancer in high-risk women and on treatments offered according to proper criteria of responsiveness to therapies is warranted...

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..91; 95% CI 1.69-20.7; p = 0.005), in particular if HER2/neu overexpression was detected (HR: 16.5; 95% CI 4.24-64.5; p < 0.0001). New multimodality and targeted strategies should be explored in endocrine nonresponsive breast cancer...

..A non-negligible rate of progressive disease was observed, suggesting careful monitoring of the patients. Further studies evaluating the potential benefit of bevacizumab in neoadjuvant treatment need to be tested...

..To develop a Risk Score (RS) to predict distant recurrence among premenopausal women with node-negative endocrine-responsive early breast cancer...

..Perioperative chemotherapy failed to show an increase in the pathological complete remission rate. A biological effect on Ki-67 expression was demonstrated...

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..03). Chemotherapy significantly improves disease-free survival for postmenopausal women with endocrine-responsive breast cancer, but the magnitude of the effect is substantially attenuated if ER levels are high...

..The International Breast Cancer Study Group (IBCSG) conducted two complementary randomized trials to assess whether a treatment-free gap during adjuvant chemotherapy influenced outcome...

..No specific treatment guidelines are available for triple-negative breast cancers, defined by a lack of expression of estrogen (ER), progesterone (PgR), and HER2 receptors...

..To explore the activity of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) as neoadjuvant therapy of breast cancer...

..We analyzed the role of Topo II gene status in the prediction of pathological complete remission (pCR) after primary anthracycline-based chemotherapy in non- endocrine responsive breast cancers overexpressing Her2/neu...

..We therefore tested the activity of the combination of Trastuzumab with metronomic, low dose chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide (CTX) and methotrexate (MTX) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC)...

..EGFR immunoreactivity significantly correlates with worse prognosis in patients with triple-negative IDC, supporting further studies on the correlation between the degree of EGFR expression and outcome of triple negative breast cancer...

..To evaluate the prognostic and predictive value of Ki-67 labeling index (LI) in a trial comparing letrozole (Let) with tamoxifen (Tam) as adjuvant therapy in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer...

..A substantial rate of relapse was observed for patients with large tumors and with clinical nodal involvement at baseline. Further improvement in adjuvant treatment might be warranted...

..Metronomic chemotherapy has shown efficacy in patients with metastatic breast cancer. When used in association with targeted antiangiogenic drugs, it was more active than metronomic therapy alone in preclinical and clinical studies...

..There is an urgent need for the identification of commonly assessable predictive factors in the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer...

..4, 95% CI 3.5-11.6, for DFS; HR 3.6 95% CI 2.4-5.6 for OS). Response and outcome after PCT are correlated with the degree of expression of steroid hormone receptors. Studies on tailored preoperative therapies are needed...

..Thus, Ki-67 labeling index was an independent prognostic factor but was not predictive of better response to adjuvant chemotherapy in these studies...

..Endocrine therapy administered together with new intravenous, containing regimens should be explored in the preoperative treatment of endocrine responsive breast cancer...

..To evaluate the ipsilateral breast tumor reappearance (IBTR) rate after breast conservative surgery (BCS) following primary chemotherapy (PC) and to assess whether positive margins affects IBTR rate and overall survival (OS)...

..The analysis of the results suggests that the metronomic chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab and erlotinib is effective and well tolerated...

..To assess the prognostic role of HER2 overexpression/amplification in patients with node-negative, pT1a-b breast cancers...

..To evaluate the role of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin with low-dose metronomic cyclophosphamide as primary systemic treatment in locally advanced breast cancer...

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..Given its low cardiotoxicity, the combination of PLD and trastuzumab appears most attractive in the treatment of human epidermal factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer...

..Further studies combining chemotherapy and endocrine agents are warranted in patients with hormone receptor-positive tumors...

..This review focuses on the effects of timing of chemotherapy-radiotherapy and risks of relapse, in terms of locoregional and distant recurrence in patients with operable breast cancer...

..Combined trastuzumab and intravenous vinorelbine yielded high clinical activity as preoperative treatment in patients (pts) with HER 2/neu positive breast cancer...

..Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease. Circulating tumor cell (CTC) enumeration might be useful to identify different risk categories within each molecular subtype...

..The outcome of OBC patients is comparable with that of matched patients with small sized breast cancer. High risk of relapse and death was observed in OBC patients with triple negative tumours and extensive nodal involvement...

..If distinct prognostic groups are to be identified, women with no CTC could plausibly represent a distinct favorable one...

..44] for overall survival) [interaction p values=0.0001 for disease-free survival and 0.0019 for overall survival]. Our findings suggest that for women with ER-absent or ER-low tumours, reduction in chemotherapy dose should be avoided...

..The purpose of this research was to identify factors predicting response to preoperative chemotherapy...

..The development of more effective therapies for very young women with breast cancer requires tailored treatment investigations and research focused on issues specific to these patients...

..GBC is a rare disease and chemotherapy in this setting lacks a standardized approach...

..The drug was administered to heavily pre-treated patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC). Patients received Fulvestrant after disease progression (PD) on a previous endocrine treatment or as maintenance treatment after chemotherapy...

..The prognostic role of serum levels of molecular biomarkers during the perioperative period in patients with early breast cancer is not clear...

..Despite small numbers of patients, "old-fashioned" treatments, and competing causes of treatment failure, the value of ER status as a target for response to adjuvant treatment is evident through prolonged follow-up...

..Tools able to predict pathological complete response (pCR) to preoperative chemotherapy might improve treatment outcome...

..The aim of the present study was to ascertain the predictive value of p63 immunoreactivity in patients treated preoperatively with regimens including cisplatin and/or anthracyclines...

..The value of adjuvant tamoxifen after chemotherapy for premenopausal women with breast cancer has not been adequately assessed...

..The outcome of ILC significantly correlated with histological and immunohistochemically defined molecular subtypes. New tailored strategies should be explored in these subgroups of patients with poor outcome...

..Metronomic chemotherapy can induce prolonged clinical benefit in metastatic breast cancer, supporting its role as an additional therapeutic tool in the treatment of patients with metastatic breast carcinoma...

..Classical lobular histology is not an independent factor in the prognosis of early breast cancer...

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..During the tenth month of trastuzumab therapy, the patient reported a missed period and had a positive pregnancy test...

..Our results suggest that FISH testing should be considered for tumours with 50% positive stained cells and that polysomy 17 without amplification is not associated with poor prognostic features...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose aspirin for the prevention of VTE...

..Synchronous bilateral invasive breast carcinoma (SBIBC) ranged in incidence from 0.3% to as high as 12%...

..005). Preclinical models indicated that the source of apoptotic CECs was most likely the tumor vasculature. CEC kinetics and viability are very promising as predictors of clinical response in patients undergoing metronomic chemotherapy...

..Our retrospective data suggest that treatment with trastuzumab beyond progression is a viable option for patients with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer, whose disease has progressed on previous trastuzumab-based regimens...

..Biopsy of metastatic site of disease can influence treatment decisions, but its impact on survival remains uncertain...

..Hence, we designed a case-control study to examine tumor features and outcome in a series of BCP patients diagnosed and treated in a single institution...

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..HER2/neu status of tumor cells at metastatic sites in patients with advanced disease may differ from that of the primary tumor. Assessing the presence of target antigens on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) might affect treatment choice...

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..Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is currently not recommended in pregnant patients with breast cancer due to radiation concerns...

..These sequences of events indicate that a phenotype based on ER expression may not be a permanent feature of breast cancer...

..Patients invited to take part in a clinical trial may evoke an archetype on which they may base their decision of adherence to participation, instead of on the study itself...

..The significant changes we propose are:..

..We investigated whether letrozole monotherapy prolonged overall survival (OS) compared with tamoxifen monotherapy...

..We review recent developments in the knowledge of established predictive factors in the neo-adjuvant setting...

..To evaluate locally versus centrally assessed estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PgR) receptor status and the impact of PgR on letrozole adjuvant therapy compared with tamoxifen in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer...

..This meeting report summarizes the highlights of the 12 sessions...

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..Assessment of potential molecular targets is now important in primary diagnosis. Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors and other drugs with anti-angiogenesis properties are currently undergoing preclinical investigations...

..We therefore evaluated the efficacy of an ITC regimen for patients presenting with carcinomatous meningitis from breast cancer...

..For medial tumors, axillary lymph node staging may not accurately reflect the metastatic potential of the disease...

..Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article...

..The aim of the study was to evaluate the relation between biologic features at first diagnosis of breast carcinoma and treatment choice for postmenopausal women > or = 50 years to optimize treatment in the elderly...

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..The questionnaire was shown to be robust, reliable and reproducible instrument in assessing patients' prejudices towards oral anticancer treatments...

..We retrospectively evaluate outcome of patients with MF/MC cancers who had breast conservation with specific attention on local control and predictive factors of recurrence...

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..Another focus of the review is to provide the reader with future challenges in the field, taking into account both the immunological and clinical aspects to better target the goal...

..To report a case of erlotinib-induced breast cancer regression...

..ER-positive premenopausal patients required further study...

..Others have reported ocular toxicity after adjuvant chemoendocrine therapy, but this study looked at ocular toxicity in similarly treated patients from large randomized clinical trials...

..As part of this effort, data published to date were reviewed critically and indications for neoadjuvant treatment were newly defined...

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..The role of adjuvant therapy for this population is still a matter of debate. We reviewed the long-term outcome of a mature trial comparing endocrine treatment versus no adjuvant therapy in older women with node-positive breast cancer...

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..We investigated its efficacy and safety after excision of early-stage breast cancer and completion of chemotherapy...

..The Breast International Group 02-98 randomized trial tested the effect of incorporating docetaxel into anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy and compared sequential vs concurrent administration of doxorubicin and docetaxel...

..We sought to determine retrospectively whether extracapsular spread (ECS) might identify a subgroup that could benefit from radiotherapy after mastectomy, especially patients with 1 to 3 positive lymph nodes (LN1-3+)...

..To identify groups of early breast cancer patients with substantial risk (10-year risk > 20%) for locoregional failure (LRF) who might benefit from postmastectomy radiotherapy (RT)...

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