J Cornuz

..A comparison to successful campaigns in Canada and New Zealand provides insight regarding factors missing in the Swiss campaign which might have been useful in obtaining support from Swiss citizens...

..There is uncertainty regarding the indicators which could be used to identify groups at high risk. This issue has been addressed in a systematic review of population-based screening studies...

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..Studying the extent to which these various treatments are cost-effective requires additional research...

..New educational programs must be developed to improve physicians' skills and effectiveness in counseling patients about smoking cessation...

..To examine the incremental cost effectiveness of the five first line pharmacological smoking cessation therapies in the Seychelles and other developing countries...

..Physicians are in a unique position to advise smokers to quit by integrating the various aspects of nicotine dependence. This review provides an overview of interventions for smokers presenting in a clinical setting...

..Reliable data about the nutrient intake of elderly noninstitutionalized women in Switzerland is lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the energy and nutrient intake in this specific population...

..This chapter reviews relevant aspects of clinician-patient communication with regard to cancer prevention, especially smoking cessation and exercise...

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..We compared three QUSs and their association with nonvertebral fracture history in 7562 Swiss women 70-80 years of age. The association between nonvertebral fracture was higher for heel than phalangeal QUS...

..The secondary aim was to assess its validity and both short-term and long-term reproducibility...

..The tests all discriminated between cases and controls, but combining the two strategies yielded no additional relevant information...

..We analyzed the cross-sectional association between obesity and smoking habits, taking into account diet, physical activity, and educational level...

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..In the context of the worldwide obesity epidemic and a high prevalence of smoking, the greater risk of (central) obesity and insulin resistance among smokers is a matter of major concern...

..002). After quitting smoking, only CYP1A2*1F (P = 0.017) and the use of contraceptives (P = 0.05) had an influence. No influence of CYP1A2 polymorphisms on the inducibility of CYP1A2 was observed...

..Smoking cessation counselling by a doctor was only given to a minority of patients, but such counselling seemed irrespective of nationality...

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..Doctors are at the first line to advise women and propose them help and assistance in their quit smoking process in a way adapted to their situation...

..Finally, every patient treated with bisphosphonates must be regularly followed by a dentist...

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..Public health strategies must also be developed worldwide to control the expected dramatic impact of the female tobacco epidemic...

..It is important to treat high blood pressure problems in the elderly, but the orthostatic risks should be adressed. A corticoid treatment started quickly for Bell's palsy is efficient...

..HIV testing in a medical setting is at present more satisfactory than rapid HIV testing at home and finally watchful waiting of inguinal hernia is possible in asymptomatic or pauci-symptomatic men...

..2%). Incidence of recurrent venous thromboembolism (0-2%) or major bleeding (0-2.4%) was also low, though such events were linked to a high mortality rate (9-16%). Thrombocytopenia occurred in 0 to 2.5% of cases...

..Syphilis testing algorithms using treponemal tests for initial screening could be inversed. Finally, selective reporting of clinical trials results for antidepressant are relatively frequent...

..General practitioners may thus represent on important link in the therapeutic chain...

..Because such differences could influence measurements in vivo, it is crucial to develop standardized phantoms to be used in prospective multicenter studies...

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..05). Results were similar for "hard" CHD, with higher reclassification rates for AAI. IL-6 and AAI are associated with future CHD events beyond traditional risk factors and modestly improve risk prediction in older adults...

..To determine the patterns of aspirin use for the primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD). Aspirin for primary prevention has a more favorable risk/benefit profile among adults with high CHD risk than among low-risk adults...

..In patients prescribed clopidogrel, a proton pump inhibitor is not absolutely necessary. The arrival of a anticoagulant that does not need blood monitoring is an interesting option in atrial fibrillation...

..In a randomised controlled trial, we tested whether a population-based moderate-intensity physical activity programme increases quit rates among sedentary smokers receiving nicotine therapy...

..This might reflect differences in participants' age, sex, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, or preexisting cardiovascular disease...

..Another change from the old recommendations concerns the manner in which the asthma is categorised into different phases...

..Moreover, potential harms of such screening, such as induced anxiety, have been poorly studied. Although promising, such screening should be validated by clinical trials before routine use in clinical practice...

..A life style modification can be proposed after excluding a viral hepatitis and a hemochromatosis. If the liver enzymes still remind elevated, rarer causes must be searched...

..The impact of carotid plaque screening on smoking cessation should be examined in larger randomized controlled trials with sufficient power to assess the impact on long-term smoking cessation rates...

..Their analysis, with supportive attitude towards involved staff members, allows to reveal systems failures within the institution or the private practice...

..Observational studies have suggested an association between active smoking and the incidence of type 2 diabetes...

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..The goal of this study was to determine whether subclinical thyroid dysfunction was associated with incident heart failure (HF) and echocardiogram abnormalities...

..To determine the efficacy of biomedical risk assessment (eg, exhaled carbon monoxide (CO), or genetic susceptibility to lung cancer) as an aid for smoking cessation...

..Antibiotics should be prescribed only after one week of symptoms' duration and in case of the presence of two additional criteria: pain and purulent nasal discharge with nasal obstruction...

..We analyzed the content of the syndrome, predictors of its appearance, and the physician response...

..Physicians, at the interface between patients and payers, are in an ideal position to interpret, or even perform cost-effectiveness analysis, and to promote the interventions that are most effective and that have a reasonable cost...

..Little is known about smoking, unhealthy use of alcohol, and risk behaviours for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in immigrants from developed and developing countries...

..We performed a systematic review to determine whether subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with CHD in adults...

..Three more subjects who achieved a momentary reduction had, however, to interrupt the treatment due to intolerable side-effects. Controlled trials are needed to confirm these preliminary observations...

..We aimed to evaluate weight reduction counselling by primary care physicians, and its relationship with weight change and patients' behaviour to control weight...

..Emergency room (ER) interpretation of the ECG is critical to assessment of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Our aim was to assess its reliability in our institution, a tertiary teaching hospital...

..CONCLUSIONS: In-hospital screening of AAA is very efficient among patients with coronary artery disease. Therefore, patients with CAD may be considered for routine AAA screening...

..To assess the impact of introducing clinical practice guidelines on acute coronary syndrome without persistent ST segment elevation (ACS) on patient initial assessment...

..We determined the prevalence of aspirin use in relation to coronary heart disease risk and changes over time...

..Physicians should assess the risks and benefits of aspirin therapy for primary prevention and incorporate patient preferences...

..Indeed clinical trials should be used to show the effectiveness of the new postmenopausal substitutive therapies that may be proposed...

..To investigate the relationship of alcohol consumption with the metabolic syndrome and diabetes in a population-based study with high mean alcohol consumption. Few data exist on these conditions in high-risk drinkers...

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..Data on the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and coronary heart disease (CHD) and mortality are conflicting...

..The purpose of this study is to assess physicians' current clinical practice regarding smokers motivated to stop smoking...

..Despite generally positive attitudes towards guidelines, the opinion of senior staff physicians constitute a barrier to their dissemination and implementation...

..An objective and simple prognostic model for patients with pulmonary embolism could be helpful in guiding initial intensity of treatment...

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..Interventions with pharmacologic help should be offered to all smokers, with or without diabetes, in order to increase smoking cessation rates and limit weight gain...

..Following the International Atherosclerosis Society and the Adult Treatment Panel III recommendations might prevent more CHD deaths at the cost of higher numbers needed to treat compared with European Society of Cardiology guidelines...

..We tested whether starting nicotine polacrilex gum treatment 4 weeks before the quit date improved smoking abstinence rates compared with starting treatment on the quit date...

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..Future programs may include specific advises to low-risk groups to maintain a favorable CVRF profile...

..A vaccine against nicotine was tested in a 6-month randomized, double blind phase II smoking cessation study in 341 smokers with a subsequent 6-month follow-up period...

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..The efficacy of all of these pharmacotherapies is comparable, roughly doubling the cessation rates over control conditions...

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..Our findings show that a low-intensity smoking cessation intervention, based on two visits without any follow-up contact, is associated with a higher quit rate at 6 months than that for historical control patients...

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..To derive a prediction rule by using prospectively obtained clinical and bone ultrasonographic (US) data to identify elderly women at risk for osteoporotic fractures...

..Studies evaluating the efficacy of different pharmacological agents to slow down human AAA-expansion rates have been performed, but they have never been systematically reviewed or summarized...

..Our objective is to determine the clinical effect of iron supplementation on fatigue in female blood donors without anaemia, but with a mean serum ferritin < or = 30 ng/ml...

..Heel QUSs were both predictive of hip fracture risk, whereas the phalanges QUS was not...

..CP requires equipment and frequently involves the assistance of a respiratory therapist, engendering a significant medical workload and cost...

..CONCLUSION: Clinical assessment to stratify a patient's likelihood of having deep venous thrombosis should be taught to physicians...

..Easier ways for the adaptation and use of high quality guidelines at the local level may result from better coordination, organization and updating of guidelines at a national or supranational level...

..CONCLUSIONS: On the evidence of data from the literature we propose simple algorithms and tables for the clinical management of atrial fibrillation in the individual patient...

..First results are expected for 2007. Until the completion of these studies, wild screening intervention should be avoided...

..Quality of care interventions, such as the development of local guidelines, might improve the appropriateness of pharmacological thromboembolic prophylaxis in medical inpatients...

..To validate a model for quantifying the prognosis of patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). The model was previously derived from 10 534 US patients...

..Controversial preventive interventions include general screening for diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders and prostate cancer. Physicians should be aware of a possible hidden agenda in patients presenting for a checkup...

..7% vs. 18.9%, p = 0.049). Stress was the most common cause of relapse. The FDP appears to be an effective smoking cessation therapy. Propositions are made in order to improve the success rate of future sessions...

..Being aware of these test results might also enhance patient motivation to change unhealthy behaviors but the effectiveness of such a screening strategy has been poorly studied...

..Understanding neurobiological and behavioral mechanisms underlying the association between smoking and anxiety disorders may improve physician's ability to assist smokers in their efforts to quit...

..Although secondhand smoke (SHS) has been linked with various respiratory conditions and symptoms, its association with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is unknown...

..Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) appears to be safe and effective for treating pulmonary embolism (PE), but its cost-effectiveness has not been assessed...

..The goals of this study were to analyse the characteristics of older women smokers help and support those wanting to quit...

..A simple prognostic model could help identify patients with pulmonary embolism who are at low risk of death and are candidates for outpatient treatment...

..Moreover, they propose a training track individualized according to the trainee's future practice environment (hospital-based, urban or suburban outpatient practice)...