Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson

..An additional effect on the endometrium as occurs for the Cu-IUD, but not for the hormonal alternatives, seems to increase the efficacy of the method...

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..To identify an appropriate dose for a new contraceptive levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS)...

..In treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding, the LNG-IUS appears to be one of the most effective and cost-effective methods...

..To study the influence of counseling on women's contraceptive decisions...

..Future studies should focus on improving pain management, the treatment of women with failed medical abortion after 24 hours, and the safety of medical abortion regimens in women with a previous caesarean section or uterine scar...

..LNG-EC has no effect on endometrial development or function. In an in vitro model, it was demonstrated that LNG did not interfere with blastocyst function or implantation...

..Recently, a new oral slow-release preparation of misoprostol has been studied. Future studies will show whether prostaglandin analogues with a prolonged effect on the myometrium may further improve the regimens for medical abortion...

..To compare the skills in pelvic examination technique between students who have had training with professional patients and a control group of students trained using clinical patients...

..These results further support the hypothesis that the contraceptive effect of mifepristone when given postovulatory is primarily due to alteration of the peri-implantation milieu influencing endometrial receptivity...

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..The levels of nitric oxide are increased in women diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease already after an incubation time of 2 min...

..006). Thus, the deregulation of aquaporin-1 in menorrhagia may be involved in abnormal endometrial vascular growth and permeability...

..CONCLUSION: A majority of women prefer oral administration of misoprostol in early medical abortion...

..The presence of AQP1 was also confirmed using RT-PCR. The changes in AQP1 expression could contribute to the reduced bleeding seen following mifepristone treatment and could be an effect of either antagonizing progesterone or cortisol...

..To evaluate a clinical patient (CP) model for training in pelvic examination...

..To investigate the effect of levonorgestrel and mifepristone on the expression of endometrial receptivity markers in a three-dimensional endometrial construct...

..In addition, serum samples were collected on day 3 (n = 4). Main outcome measures. The levels of mifepristone, quantified using radioimmunoassay...

..To study the expression of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) in human endometrium...

..The results support a role of epithelial eNOS in human endometrial receptivity...

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..Analysis of factors influencing surgical intervention rate after home medical termination of pregnancy (TOP) by women in countries without access to safe services using the telemedical service 'Women on Web'...

..To measure nitric oxide gas directly in the uterus of healthy women and patients with suspected pelvic inflammatory disease...

..This study indicates that, when used for EC, LNG or MIF administered prior to ovulation acts through an impaired ovulatory process and luteal function...

..CONCLUSION(S): Treatment with mifepristone has a limited effect on HB-EGF and its receptors in the fallopian tube, while the increase in HER1 and HER4 in the endometrium probably reflects defective endometrial maturation...

..Intrauterine contraceptives (IUC) provide highly effective, reversible, long-acting contraception. However, the effects of timing of IUC insertion after medical abortion are not known...

..It has been shown to increase efficacy in medical abortion when used with misoprostol. This study investigated if letrozole acts as an abortifacient due to a synergistic effect with misoprostol on uterine contractility...

..The objective of this study was therefore to assess factors affecting acceptability and experience of home use of misoprostol for medical abortion up to 63 days' gestation...

..This study investigates the effect of levonorgestrel and mifepristone on attachment of human embryos to an in vitro endometrial construct...

..To explore the attitudes of teenage girls towards contraception and induced abortion in order to better understand underlying reasons for non-protection...

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..Women should be offered this choice to allow more flexibility and privacy in their abortions...

..To increase efficacy future studies should focus on EC methods that target the endometrium...

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..It is strongly recommended that this type of programme with professional patients should be used for teaching gynaecological examination techniques to medical students...

..The objective of this study is to measure NO gas directly in the vaginal lumen of healthy women and in patients with vaginitis...

..Our findings provide further insight into the regulation of IGFBP-1 and prolactin by PR in the human endometrium in vivo...

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..Further studies are needed to examine the full potential of the LNG-IUS in such common clinical situations...

..To study the effect of mifepristone and levonorgestrel on ovarian function and endometrial development in doses effective as emergency contraception...

..CONCLUSIONS: Based on recording of uterine activity, sublingual misoprostol acts as rapidly as oral treatment, while development of contractions was similar to that seen following vaginal administration...

..These studies can help to discover the optimal dose and route of administration of misoprostol for individual clinical applications. Misoprostol is a safe drug but serious complications and teratogenicity can occur with unsupervised use...

..CONCLUSIONS: SR misoprostol acts less on uterine tonus than orally administered conventional misoprostol but leads to development of regular uterine contractions...

..A single dose of misoprostol 600 microg oral is recommended for treatment of incomplete abortion in women presenting with a uterine size equivalent to 12 weeks gestation...

..It was shown that sublingual administration is more effective than oral administration of misoprostol for cervical priming and is associated with less blood loss but a higher frequency of side effects...

..The pharmacokinetics of a novel slow-release (SR) misoprostol was studied and compared to conventional misoprostol...

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..Further research to determine if two doses of misoprostol are more effective than a single dose would be useful...

..No study has so far evaluated the pharmacokinetics beyond 6 hours. Furthermore a new slow-release misoprostol formulation was included in the study...

..However, insertion of an IUD through a narrow cervix may be technically difficult. Misoprostol has been shown to be effective for cervical priming in non-pregnant women prior to hysteroscopy...

..Common side effects of misoprostol-induced termination of pregnancy include gastrointestinal side effects, abdominal cramps, bleeding, fever and chills. Complications may include infection or rarely rupture of uterus...

..Bleeding may last for more than 14 days with additional days of light bleeding or spotting. The woman should be advised to contact a provider in case of heavy bleeding or signs of infection. A follow-up is recommended after 1 to 2 weeks...

..Higher doses or longer intervals do not improve the effect on the cervix. Pain is a frequent side effect, but usually responds well to NSAIDs. Other side effects are rare...

..8% of the women who did the medical TOP at home needed a vacuum aspiration. Telemedicine can provide an alternative to unsafe TOP. Outcomes of care are in the same range as TOP provided in outpatient settings...