Agneta Akesson

..Current markers of iron deficiency tend to be less reliable in pregnancy...

..Key words: biochemical bone markers, bone mineral density, cadmium, lead, osteoporosis, women...

..Although the effects were small, they may represent early signs of adverse effects, affecting large segments of the population. Subjects with diabetes seem to be at increased risk...

..To elucidate the sequences of changes in bone metabolism and bone density during pregnancy, lactation and postweaning...

..Further studies are needed to confirm whether the disease decreased cadmium absorption and whether the absorption was dependent on the genotype...

..The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of iron status on cadmium dose among pregnant women...

..To assess the impact of pregnancy and lactation on iron status and erythropoiesis as measured by the soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR)...

..Hence, decreased circulating levels of 1,25(OH)(2)D are unlikely to be the proposed link between cadmium-induced effects on kidney and bone...

..016 among all women and P = 0.010 among never-smokers). Our findings suggest that adequate vitamin A status may counteract the adverse association between cadmium and BMD...

..The aim of this study was to examine how total antioxidant capacity of diet and antioxidant-containing foods were associated with incident myocardial infarction among middle-aged and elderly women...

..In separate analyses, dietary and urinary cadmium underestimated the association with bone effects...

..We aimed to assess the relationship between dietary cadmium intake assessed by analyses of duplicate food portions and cadmium concentrations in urine and blood, taking the toxicokinetics of cadmium into consideration...

..These findings for Swedish women do not support the hypothesis that dietary acrylamide is positively associated with risk of breast cancer, at least not within the ranges of acrylamide consumed by this population...

..The results indicate that the observed bone effects are mainly driven by the dioxin-like congeners, although it cannot exclude the contribution of the non dioxin-like congeners to the exposure outcome...

..U-Cd at low environmental exposure from food in a general population of women showed modest but significant association with both BMD and fractures, especially in never-smokers, indicating a larger concern than previously known...

..73). Overall, these results suggest a role for dietary cadmium in postmenopausal breast cancer development...

..Our results provide additional scientific support for the low tolerably weekly intake (TWI) of cadmium set by the European Food Safety Authority in 2009...

..95; and 0.72; 95% CI, 0.42-1.22, respectively, P = 0.08 by Wald test); the association was clearer among women < or = 65 y (P = 0.02 by Wald test). Our data suggest an inverse association between Drinker pattern and the risk of RCC...

..Failure to consider dairy foods as a heterogeneous group in future studies could hamper important insights of relevance for the development of dietary guidelines...

..Many women use multivitamins in the belief that these supplements will prevent chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. However, whether the use of multivitamins affects the risk of breast cancer is unclear...

..In conclusion, these findings do not support the hypothesis that dietary acrylamide intake is positively associated with risk of endometrial cancer, at least not within the ranges of acrylamide consumed in this population...

..71-1.31) for colon cancer and 0.91 (95% CI 0.62-1.34) for rectal cancer. In conclusion, this study provides no evidence that dietary acrylamide in amounts typically consumed by Swedish men is associated with risk of colorectal cancer...

..Whether dietary acrylamide intake is associated with the risk of cancer in humans is uncertain. We aimed to assess the relation between dietary acrylamide intake and the incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer...

..This association was independent of smoking and was most pronounced among men with low fruit and vegetable consumption...

..Furthermore, we conclude that the estrogen-like effects of Cd are likely to result from a mechanism different from steroidal estrogens...

..These findings could be significant from a health risk assessment point of view...

..There is a significant release of bone lead after the menopause, in association with the acceleration of bone resorption. Thus, postmenopausal women may be at increased risk of adverse effects of lead...

..In conclusion, low iron stores were associated with increased cadmium accumulation, but only at adequate zinc status...

..We assessed whether recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) enhances a rise in haemoglobin concentration in postpartum anaemia compared to intravenous iron alone...

..Our results support the hypothesis that cadmium may exert estrogenic effects and thereby increase the risk of hormone-related cancers...

..We suggest that the hybrid approach is more appropriate for estimation of the critical U-Cd concentration, because the choice of cutoff values in logistic models largely influenced the obtained critical U-Cd...

..We examined the association between dietary acrylamide intake and risk of prostate cancer in a cohort of men...

..Limited data are available on the benefit of combining healthy dietary and lifestyle behaviors in the prevention of myocardial infarction (MI) in women...

..Dietary supplements are widely used in industrialized countries...

..We found no correlations between I-Hg and selenium. This study increases the understanding of Hg, in its different forms, in human placenta and how they are related to maternal and fetal exposure...

..Vitamin D is produced endogenously after sun exposure but can also be obtained from natural food sources, food fortification, and dietary supplements...

..We validated long-term food frequency questionnaire (FFQ)-based dietary PCB exposure against concentrations of six PCB congeners in serum...

..In conclusion, we cannot exclude that the use of dietary supplements is harmful for smokers. On the other hand, among men with an insufficient diet, the use of supplements might be beneficial in reducing CVD mortality...

..Experimental studies indicate major gender differences in arsenic-induced cancer. Obviously, research on gender-related differences in health effects caused by metals needs considerable more focus in the future...

..Cadmium (Cd), a ubiquitous food contaminant, has been proposed to be an endocrine disruptor by inducing estrogenic responses in vivo. Several in vitro studies suggested that these effects are mediated via estrogen receptors (ERs)...

..44, 95% CI 0.22-0.88. Results from our prospective cohort study of middle-aged and elderly women indicate that moderate alcohol consumption may be associated with decreased risk of RCC...

..Contrary to previous case-control studies, the authors concluded that coffee consumption does not increase MI risk. Coffee consumption of >/=5 cups/week was nonsignificantly inversely associated with MI risk among older Swedish women...

..Testing whether patterns measured over a long time period can be used in analytic studies is the next step in assessing the validity of this method...

..Pattern analysis is helpful in generating hypotheses regarding the role of diet in obesity, and additional research is needed to understand which elements of our patterns are protective or risk factors for weight gain...