S Sungkanuparph

..This study examines the proportion of patients in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD) receiving PCP prophylaxis, and its effect on PCP and mortality...

..abstract:..

..This retrospective survey describes types of cancers diagnosed in HIV-infected subjects in Asia, and assesses risk factors for cancer in HIV-infected subjects using contemporaneous HIV-infected controls without cancer...

..However, knowledge regarding whether there is any difference of the frequency of renal injury between tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz and tenofovir/lamivudine/nevirapine is lacking...

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..With this strategy, the same regimen can be used for resumption and also yield good virological and immunological outcomes...

..The patterns of resistance mutations suggest that 48% of patients need a protease inhibitor-based regimen for the second regimen and didanosine+lamivudine is the most required nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbone...

..Virological failure with this regimen has become more common, and a second-line regimen needs to be prepared in the national program...

..Limited data are available for patients treated with nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based regimens...

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..This strategy may be an option for patients who cannot afford or tolerate protease inhibitor. Prospective study to evaluate this strategy should be conducted in resource-limited setting...

..There is limited comparative data between efavirenz (EFV) 600 mg/day and nevirapine (NVP) 400 mg/day-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) among HIV-1 patients with tuberculosis (TB) and receiving rifampicin...

..14) were significant predicting factors for EFV-associated rash. Two predicting factors for unsuccessful switching from NVP to EFV were found. Patients who have these factors need to have a close follow-up if EFV is substituted...

..Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clinics at two Thai tertiary care medical centres...

..The low rate of response warrants further research in alternative strategies for HAV vaccination among HIV-infected persons...

..To study treatment outcomes of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiated in advanced HIV-infected patients with active tuberculosis (TB)...

..To determine the incidence and risk factors of rash associated with efavirenz in HIV-infected patients with preceding nevirapine-associated rash...

..8% versus 2.9%, P = 0.032). Using IF to diagnose treatment failure is associated with higher HIV-1 RNA levels and a higher rate of Q151M, which can limit the options for second-line ART...

..However, further large-scale randomized controlled clinical trials in this group of patients with advanced HIV infection are needed...

..The aim of the present study was to assess fluconazole pharmacokinetic measures in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); and the correlation of these measures with clinical outcomes of invasive fungal infections...

..058). Conclusions: Particular SNPs and haplotype of CYP2B6, especially *6/*6, has the greatest impact on efavirenz level in HIV/TB co-infected Thai patients whereas low body weight and concurrent receiving rifampicin have lesser effects...

..Conclusion: HIV-1 DRAMs, especially to NNRTIs, is emerging in a middle-income country after a widespread use of NNRTI-based ART. HIV genotypic assay prior to ART initiation in patients with chronic HIV-1 infection should be considered...

..To determine the effect of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) on the survival of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients in an area with a high prevalence of TB...

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..8%. Primary HIV drug resistance is emerging after rapid scaling-up of antiretroviral therapy use in Asia...

..The clinical presentation, laboratory findings, medical complication, treatment and outcome are given. Leptospirosis in the urban area is common and should be recognized, particularly in rainy season...

..Diagnosis of melioidosis arose from the surgical finding and pus culture. Treatment with surgical drainage and ceftazidime followed by co-trimoxazole plus doxycycline had a good clinical outcome...

..To assess the efficacy and survival benefit of low-dose fluconazole (400 mg weekly) for primary prophylaxis for cryptococcal meningitis in patients with advanced HIV infection...

..Atypical presentations of both tuberculosis and cryptococcosis should be considered in areas with a high incidence of these diseases...

..The mortality rate was 64%. In conclusion, cryptococcuria is not extremely rare and can present as a manifestation of disseminated cryptococcosis or isolated urinary tract infection...

..To determine incidence and risk factors of nevirapine (NVP)-associated severe hepatitis that led to NVP discontinuation among HIV-infected patients with CD4 < 250 cells/microL...

..K65R mutations that occur after failing this regimen prevent the use of tenofovir, didanosine, and abcavir in the second-line regimen...

..Initiation of NVP in patients with these risks needs closed monitoring...

..Twenty two patients (13.8%) had adverse drug events and half of these had to discontinue HAART. Initiation of HAART in advanced AIDS with CD4 cell count < 50 cells/mm3 is effective, safe, and well tolerated and should not be delayed...

..To determine the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the long-term survival of AIDS patients with CMV disease and evaluate long-term outcomes of ART...

..Despite the low baseline in this population, the higher number of baseline CD4 cells is continuously associated with a higher risk for skin rashes...

..In resource-limited settings, the use of temporary external lumbar drainage is a safe and effective management strategy for intractable elevated ICP in HIV-infected patients with cryptococcal meningitis...

..To date, data on the durability of a regimen of stavudine, lamivudine and nevirapine are very limited, particularly from the resource-limited settings...

..At a median of 48 weeks after randomization, there were no episodes of cryptococcal meningitis in either group...

..S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved TRUGENE commercial system...

..Clinical responses varied but seemed to correlate with the in vitro susceptibility result. More studies are needed before one can deal with these infections more effectively...

..To study incidence, risk factors, and impact of major opportunistic infections (OIs) after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART)...

..It remains a catastrophic opportunistic infection in spite of the current intensive and aggressive treatment...

..049) and higher CD4 cell count (p = 0.048) were predictors for successful response to hepatitis B vaccination. Determination of antibody levels after vaccination in HIV-infected patients is warranted...

..Risk factors of isolated anti-HBc were IVDU and anti-HCV seropositive. Anamnestic response to hepatitis B vaccination was low. Further study with strategies to improve the response of vaccination is needed...

..5%) developed a protective antibody response. In a logistic regression model, only a plasma HIV RNA level of <400 copies/mL at the time of vaccination was associated with a protective antibody response (P=.003)...

..047), but no nevirapine-related adverse events occurred. There was no statistically significant difference in 60-week antiviral efficacy between these patients and patients receiving nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy alone (P>.05)...

..232). The adverse events were similar between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Initiation of EFV-based HAART regimen in HIV-infected patients at CD4 < 100 and > or = 100 cells/ mm3 gains similar immunological and virological response...

..To describe the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of cryptococcosis in HIV-negative patients...

..We report the similar virological and immunological outcomes at 48 weeks between the two groups. Efavirenz 600 mg/day should be sufficient for concurrent use with rifamipicin...

..The impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on survival among patients coinfected with HIV and tuberculosis (TB) has not been well established...

..neoformans) obtained from the CerebroSpinal Fluid (CSF); and clinical outcomes of HIV-infected patients diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis...

..Mean plasma nevirapine levels at 8 and 12 weeks were lower in patients receiving rifampicin (P=.048). However, virological and immunological outcomes at 24 weeks were not different between the 2 groups (P>.05)...

..To determine the frequency, risk factors and mortality rate of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) of tuberculosis (TB) in patients co-infected with HIV/TB and receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART)...

..Concomitant use of efavirenz and rifampicin is common for treatment of HIV and tuberculosis. Plasma efavirenz levels can be reduced by rifampicin, but the appropriate daily dosage of efavirenz is unclear...

..To compare the adverse events after initiation of NVP-based ART among HIV-infected patients who did not receive fluconazole (group A), received fluconazole 400 mg/week (group B), and received fluconazole 200 mg/day (group C)...

..Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been more accessible in these countries. The present study aimed to determine the impact of ART on the prevalence of DR-TB among HIV/TB co-infected patients...

..Impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the relapse of cryptococcosis and survival of HIV-infected patients with cryptococcosis has not been well established...

..Lipodystrophy and dyslipidemia are increasing problems in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART)...

..A fixed-dose combination of stavudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine (GPO-VIR) is the most affordable antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen in Thailand. The data of nevirapine (NVP) level and efficacy of this fixed-dose combination is limited...

..GPO-VIR, fixed-dose combination of stavudine 30/40 mg, lamivudine 150 mg, and nevirapine 200 mg are widely used in Thailand...

..The clinical data of plasma NVP level, safety and efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the concurrent use of nevirapine (NVP)-based ART and fluconazole (FLU) is scanty...

..004). Studies to determine this correlation in pulmonary tuberculosis are still needed...

..Qualitative PCR for JCV of CSF showed a positive result. This report emphasizes the yield of PCR, the CSF for JCV in a diagnosis of PML, which may reduce the need for a brain biopsy in such cases...

..A differential diagnosis of colon cancer should be considered in patients with eubacterium bacteremia...

..1-20.0, p = 0.001). Most of the patients were treated with albendazole or thiabendazole, with a cure rate of 76.9%, whereas other recent cases treated with ivermectin had an average cure rate of 83.3%. The overall mortality rate was 8.1%...

..Information regarding prevalence of HBV and HCV co-infection with HIV in Thailand is limited...

..A series of cases infected with rapidly growing mycobacteria was studied to determine the spectrum of disease, antimicrobial susceptibility, treatment, and outcome...

..Repeated rectal swabs revealed no yeast growth. During follow-up for 4 y, she had no problems with diarrhoea. Chronic diarrhoea caused by C. neoformans is rare and clinical suspicion is needed...