V Molina

..This was also true for the chronic and first episode groups analyzed separately. These results do not support a neuronal tissue deficit as contributing to the cortical volume deficit in schizophrenia, at least in the DLPF region...

..Decreased metabolic activity in the prefrontal cortex during cognitive activation is a recurrent finding and a likely functional marker of schizophrenia...

..We hypothesized that the poorer global outcome and treatment response in males with schizophrenia are related to a greater cortical volume loss as compared to females...

..This comparison is of interest, given the probably different mechanism of action of clozapine in comparison with other atypicals...

..These GM and WM changes were not related to changes in weight. Thus, treatment with risperidone and clozapine in schizophrenia may have an effect on gray and white matter volume and needs further exploration...

..Our findings indicate that subtle structural defects are already found by the time of the first psychotic break in schizophrenia, although clinical implications for these differences seem unclear...

..It is therefore suggested that the prefrontal cortex could be implicated in the P300 amplitude reduction in schizophrenia...

..On the other hand, it is likely that NAA values in schizophrenia may differ in men and women...

..These data support the notion that biological substrates vary among groups of different psychotic patients, even when they have the same diagnosis, and that those substrates may be related to the response to treatment...

..Atypical antipsychotics can affect cortical volume differently from traditional drugs. The study of the outcome of grey matter deficits in schizophrenia with olanzapine may be of particular interest in this context...

..This filtering deficit can be studied by using measures of prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex...

..We may conclude that hypofrontality during cognitive activation, and the degree of DLPF structural deficit may be associated to a particular profile of cognitive deficit, including lower processing speed and working memory capacity...

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..Our results suggest that TP53 might influence aspects of myelin and white matter integrity which may account for some of the frontal dysfunction features commonly described in these patients...

..This study reveals a pattern of structural alterations in schizophrenia associated with the response to risperidone or olanzapine...

..In this comparison, the BD patients showed a limited cortical and subcortical GM deficit. These results support a partly different pattern of GM deficits associated to chronic Sz and chronic BD, with some degree of overlapping...

..Thus, Kraepelinian patients may be characterized by a distinct pattern of brain abnormalities, in particular, in subcortical regions...

..To study the short-term effect of treatment with quetiapine on prepulse inhibition (PPI) deficits of the startle reflex in schizophrenia patients...

..Taken together, our results support the notion that brain abnormalities may be different in psychotic FE patients depending on their evolution in the medium term...

..Our results suggest that PPI deficits in schizophrenia patients may not contribute to the cognitive deficits typical of that illness, at least in patients with a non-significant PPI decrease...

..The pattern of metabolic changes induced by risperidone appears to be different from that produced by typical antipsychotics...

..No significant differences were found between those receiving atypical and typical antipsychotic drugs during the previous year...

..Our results indicate that the chronic administration of therapeutic doses of risperidone does not produce any dramatic behavioural or morphological changes in healthy animals...

..It may be concluded that the administration of risperidone in the schizophrenia model employed helps to improve the altered functions, with no significant negative effects...

..Therefore, reduced prefrontal levels of NAA may be limited to chronic schizophrenia patients...

..We conclude that there is evidence of a significant association between basal symptoms and DLPFC atrophy and limbic hyperactivity at rest in recent-onset schizophrenic patients...

..Our data also suggest that, in addition to this, some further changes in P300 amplitude might depend on the clinical state of the patients...

..These correlation patterns suggest that the functional mechanism of action of olanzapine may share traits from both typical and atypical neuroleptics...

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..We conclude that clinical improvement with clozapine may be related with the anatomy and metabolic activity of specific brain areas, with the structural integrity of the DLPF and temporal regions showing the maximum predictive capacity...

..These findings support a loss in PF inhibitory capacity as a possible link between anatomical and functional alterations in schizophrenia...

..Clozapine is of special interest, since it is one of the most effective antipsychotic drugs and demonstrates a distinctive mechanism of action in pre-clinical studies with respect to typical neuroleptics...

..No significant association between CSF volumes and AOS was found in any region. Our findings support the existence of a degenerative process in schizophrenia located in prefrontal and temporal areas...

..Such an increase seems to be more intense than in psychosis-free bipolar disorder patients...

..The main effect of the long-term administration of haloperidol seems to be an increase of cerebellar, basal ganglia and motor area metabolism...

..Genetic variants with influence on brain functionality may account for the neurocognitive heterogeneity observed in schizophrenic patients...

..01) ventricles. Sex and illness duration were controlled for in the analyses. Our results, though preliminary, suggest that IL-1RN gene might contribute to the ventricular volumetric changes observed in schizophrenic patients...

..RP reduction suggests that a fewer number of networks' elements are activated when an incoming word is processed, thus supporting hypoactivation of the semantic networks as the basis for ThD...